Alanine transaminase (ALT) is a transaminase enzyme. It is also called alanine aminotransferase and was formerly called serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase or serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and was first characterized in the mid-1950s by Arthur Karmen and colleagues. ALT is found in plasma and in various body tissues but is most common in the liver. It catalyzes the two parts of the alanine cycle. Serum ALT level, serum AST level, and their ratio are commonly measured clinically as biomarkers for liver health. The tests are part of blood panels.
Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, P5P), the active form of vitamin B6, is a coenzyme in a variety of enzymatic reactions. The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology has catalogued more than 140 PLP-dependent activities, corresponding to ~4% of all classified activities. The versatility of PLP arises from its ability to covalently bind the substrate, and then to act as an electrophilic catalyst, thereby stabilizing different types of carbanionic reaction intermediates.
Transaminases or aminotransferases are enzymes that catalyze a transamination reaction between an amino acid and an α-keto acid. They are important in the synthesis of amino acids, which form proteins.
The enzyme 2,2-dialkylglycine decarboxylase (pyruvate) (EC 4.1.1.64) catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a 2-aminoethylphosphonate—pyruvate transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, 4-aminobutyrate transaminase, also called GABA transaminase or 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, or GABA-T, is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:
In enzymology, an alanine-glyoxylate transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, an alanine-oxo-acid transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, an alanine-oxomalonate transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, an aminolevulinate transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, an arginine-pyruvate transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a beta-alanine-pyruvate transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a D-amino-acid transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:
In enzymology, a diaminobutyrate-pyruvate transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a glutamine-pyruvate transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a pyridoxamine-oxaloacetate transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a pyridoxamine-phosphate transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a (R)-3-amino-2-methylpropionate—pyruvate transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a serine-pyruvate transaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
4-aminobutyrate---pyruvate transaminase is an enzyme with systematic name 4-aminobutanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase. This enzyme is a type of GABA transaminase, which degrades the neurotransmitter GABA. The enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
