Filename extension | .rec |
---|---|
Type of format | Data interchange |
Open format? | yes |
Free format? | yes |
Website | www |
recfiles is a file format for human-editable, plain text databases. [1] [2]
Original author(s) | Jose E. Marchesi |
---|---|
Initial release | December 3, 2010 |
Stable release | 1.9 / April 16, 2022 [3] |
Repository | git |
Written in | C |
License | GNU General Public License |
Website | www |
Databases using this file format can be edited using any text editor. Recfiles allow for basic relational database operations, such as typing, auto-incrementing, as well as a simple join operation.
Recutils is a collection of tools, like recfmt, recsel, and rec2csv used to work with recfile databases. [4] Various software libraries support the format. [5] [6] [7]
Data are stored in text files with empty lines separating records. Fields within a record are lines starting with their name and a colon; it is possible to wrap long entries. Multiple record types can be maintained in a single text file.
# This is a recfile document.%rec:Text%type:Year intAuthor:Doug McIlroyYear:1964Note:The Origin of Unix PipesTitle:Unix Text ProcessingAuthor:Dale DoughertyAuthor:Tim O'ReillyYear:1987Publisher:Hayden BooksAuthor:William ShakespeareTitle:HamletYear:1599Year:1600Year:1601
Recutils from the GNU Project are a set of free command line utilities to process recfiles. [8] These include:
This example command would output the following three lines (of the two original entries, one having two authors):
$ recsel-e'Year > "1900"'-pAuthor Author: Doug McIlroyAuthor: Dale DoughertyAuthor: Tim O'Reilly
AWK is a domain-specific language designed for text processing and typically used as a data extraction and reporting tool. Like sed and grep, it is a filter, and it is a standard feature of most Unix-like operating systems.
sed is a Unix utility that parses and transforms text, using a simple, compact programming language. It was developed from 1973 to 1974 by Lee E. McMahon of Bell Labs, and is available today for most operating systems. sed was based on the scripting features of the interactive editor ed and the earlier qed. It was one of the earliest tools to support regular expressions, and remains in use for text processing, most notably with the substitution command. Popular alternative tools for plaintext string manipulation and "stream editing" include AWK and Perl.
Mbox is a generic term for a family of related file formats used for holding collections of email messages. It was first implemented in Fifth Edition Unix.
In computing, the utility diff is a data comparison tool that computes and displays the differences between the contents of files. Unlike edit distance notions used for other purposes, diff is line-oriented rather than character-oriented, but it is like Levenshtein distance in that it tries to determine the smallest set of deletions and insertions to create one file from the other. The utility displays the changes in one of several standard formats, such that both humans or computers can parse the changes, and use them for patching.
A man page is a form of software documentation found on Unix and Unix-like operating systems. Topics covered include programs, system libraries, system calls, and sometimes local system details. The local host administrators can create and install manual pages associated with the specific host. A manual end user may invoke a documentation page by issuing the man
command followed by the specific detail they require. These manual pages are typically requested by end users, programmers and administrators doing real time work but can also be formatted for printing.
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In computing, echo
is a command that outputs the strings that are passed to it as arguments. It is a command available in various operating system shells and typically used in shell scripts and batch files to output status text to the screen or a computer file, or as a source part of a pipeline.
The seven standard Unix file types are regular, directory, symbolic link, FIFO special, block special, character special, and socket as defined by POSIX. Different OS-specific implementations allow more types than what POSIX requires. A file's type can be identified by the ls -l
command, which displays the type in the first character of the file-system permissions field.
In Unix-like operating systems, find
is a command-line utility that locates files based on some user-specified criteria and either prints the pathname of each matched object or, if another action is requested, performs that action on each matched object.
rm
is a basic command on Unix and Unix-like operating systems used to remove objects such as computer files, directories and symbolic links from file systems and also special files such as device nodes, pipes and sockets, similar to the del
command in MS-DOS, OS/2, and Microsoft Windows. The command is also available in the EFI shell.
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AsciiDoc is a human-readable document format, semantically equivalent to DocBook XML, but using plain-text mark-up conventions. AsciiDoc documents can be created using any text editor and read “as-is”, or rendered to HTML or any other format supported by a DocBook tool-chain, i.e. PDF, TeX, Unix manpages, e-books, slide presentations, etc. Common file extensions for AsciiDoc files are txt
and adoc
.
GNU Emacs is a text editor and suite of free software tools. Its development began in 1984 by GNU Project founder Richard Stallman, based on the Emacs editor developed for Unix operating systems. GNU Emacs has been a central component of the GNU project and a flagship project of the free software movement.
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cat
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