In bacteriology, gram-positive bacteria are bacteria that give a positive result in the Gram stain test, which is traditionally used to quickly classify bacteria into two broad categories according to their type of cell wall.
Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria that, like the other members of the class Mollicutes, lack a cell wall around their cell membranes. Peptidoglycan (murein) is absent. This characteristic makes them naturally resistant to antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis. They can be parasitic or saprotrophic. Several species are pathogenic in humans, including M. pneumoniae, which is an important cause of "walking" pneumonia and other respiratory disorders, and M. genitalium, which is believed to be involved in pelvic inflammatory diseases. Mycoplasma species are among the smallest organisms yet discovered, can survive without oxygen, and come in various shapes. For example, M. genitalium is flask-shaped, while M. pneumoniae is more elongated, many Mycoplasma species are coccoid. Hundreds of Mycoplasma species infect animals.
Acidobacteriota is a phylum of Gram-negative bacteria. Its members are physiologically diverse and ubiquitous, especially in soils, but are under-represented in culture.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is the causal agent of crown gall disease in over 140 species of eudicots. It is a rod-shaped, Gram-negative soil bacterium. Symptoms are caused by the insertion of a small segment of DNA, from a plasmid into the plant cell, which is incorporated at a semi-random location into the plant genome. Plant genomes can be engineered by use of Agrobacterium for the delivery of sequences hosted in T-DNA binary vectors.
Agrobacterium is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria established by H. J. Conn that uses horizontal gene transfer to cause tumors in plants. Agrobacterium tumefaciens is the most commonly studied species in this genus. Agrobacterium is well known for its ability to transfer DNA between itself and plants, and for this reason it has become an important tool for genetic engineering.
The Gemmatimonadota are a phylum of bacteria established in 2003. The phylum contains two classes Gemmatimonadetes and Longimicrobia.
Pseudomonas ficuserectae is a nonfluorescent, Gram-negative, soil bacterium that causes bacterial leaf spot on a Japanese fig, from which it derives its name. Based on 16S rRNA analysis, P. ficuserectae has been placed in the P. syringae group.
Pseudomonas meliae is a fluorescent, Gram-negative, soil bacterium that causes bacterial gall of the chinaberry, from which it derives its name. Based on 16S rRNA analysis, P. meliae has been placed in the Pseudomonas syringae group. Genotypic characteristics of the causal agent of chinaberry gall were determined by Aeini and Taghavi.
Pseudomonas savastanoi is a gram-negative plant pathogenic bacterium that infects a variety of plants. It was once considered a pathovar of Pseudomonas syringae, but following DNA-relatedness studies, it was instated as a new species. It is named after Savastano, a worker who proved between 1887 and 1898 that olive knot are caused by bacteria.
Pseudomonas amygdali is a Gram-negative plant pathogenic bacterium. It is named after its ability to cause disease on almond trees. Different analyses, including 16S rRNA analysis, DNA-DNA hybridization, and MLST clearly placed P. amygdali in the P. syringae group together with the species Pseudomonas ficuserectae and Pseudomonas meliae, and 27 pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae/Pseudomonas savastanoi, constituting a single, well-defined phylogenetic group which should be considered as a single species. This phylogenetic group has not been formally named because of the lack of reliable means to differentiate it phenotypically from closely related species, and it is currently known as either genomospecies 2 or phylogroup 3. When it is formally named, the correct name for this new species should be Pseudomonas amygdali, which takes precedence over all the other names of taxa from this group, including Pseudomonas savastanoi, which is and inadequate and confusing name whose use is not recommended.
Fusobacterium nucleatum is a Gram-negative, anaerobic oral bacterium, commensal to the human oral cavity, that plays a role in periodontal disease. This organism is commonly recovered from different monocultured microbial and mixed infections in humans and animals. In health and disease, it is a key component of periodontal plaque due to its abundance and its ability to coaggregate with other bacteria species in the oral cavity.
Pantoea agglomerans is a Gram-negative bacterium that belongs to the family Erwiniaceae.
Alternaria dauci is a plant pathogen. The English name of the disease it incites is "carrot leaf blight".
Microlunatus phosphovorus is the type species of the bacterial genus Microlunatus. It is Gram-positive and is notable for being a polyphosphate-accumulating bacterium. It is coccus-shaped, aerobic, chemoorganotrophic.
Streptomyces turgidiscabies is a streptomycete bacterium species, causing scab in potatoes. It has flexuous spore, the latter which are cylindrical and smooth. The type strain is SY9113T. It is almost identical to Streptomyces reticuliscabiei; however, they are considered distinct species given the diseases they cause are different.
Methylorubrum rhodesianum is a species of alphaproteobacteria. It has been found on the International Space Station (ISS) amongst others.
Allorhizobium vitis is a plant pathogen that infects grapevines. The species is best known for causing a tumor known as crown gall disease. One of the virulent strains, A. vitis S4, is responsible both for crown gall on grapevines and for inducing a hypersensitive response in other plant species. Grapevines that have been affected by crown gall disease produce fewer grapes than unaffected plants. Though not all strains of A. vitis are tumorigenic, most strains can damage plant hosts.
Methylobacterium tardum is a bacterium from the genus of Methylobacterium which has been isolated from water from a food factory in Japan.
Altererythrobacter epoxidivorans is a bacterium from the genus of Altererythrobacter.
Alicyclobacillus dauci is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, bacterium. The bacteria are acidophilic and produced endospores. It was first isolated from spoiled mixed vegetable and fruit juice. The species was first described in 2015, and the name is derived from the Latin dauci.
