Silvio Berlusconi was an Italian media tycoon and politician who served as the prime minister of Italy in four governments from 1994 to 1995,2001 to 2006 and 2008 to 2011. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1994 to 2013;a member of the Senate of the Republic from 2022 until his death in 2023,and previously from March to November 2013;and a member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2019 to 2022,and previously from 1999 to 2001. With a net worth of US$6.8 billion as of June 2023,Berlusconi was the third-wealthiest person in Italy at the time of his death.
The Union of the Centre,whose complete name is "Union of Christian and Centre Democrats",is a Christian-democratic political party in Italy.
Lamberto Dini is an Italian politician and economist. He was the Director General of Bank of Italy from 1979 to 1994,Minister of Treasury from 1994 to 1996,the 51st Prime Minister of Italy from 1995 to 1996,and Foreign Minister from 1996 to 2001.
The 2006 Italian general election was held on 9 and 10 April 2006. Romano Prodi,leader of the centre-left coalition The Union,narrowly defeated the incumbent Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi,leader of the centre-right coalition House of Freedoms. Initial exit polls suggested a victory for Prodi,but the results narrowed as the count progressed. On 11 April 2006,Prodi declared victory;Berlusconi never conceded defeat and an ensuing dispute formed.
Angelino Alfano is an Italian former politician who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 12 December 2016 to 1 June 2018.
The 2006 Italian presidential election was held on 8–10 May 2006. The result was the election of Giorgio Napolitano,the first time a former member of the Italian Communist Party had been elected to the presidency of the Italian Republic.
Giovanni "Gianni" Letta is an Italian journalist and politician. He was a close advisor of Silvio Berlusconi and is a member of the advisory board of Goldman Sachs International.
The People of Freedom was a centre-right political party in Italy. The PdL launched by Silvio Berlusconi as an electoral list,including Forza Italia and National Alliance,on 27 February for the 2008 Italian general election. The list was later transformed into a party during a party congress on 27–29 March 2009. The party's leading members included Angelino Alfano,Renato Schifani,Renato Brunetta,Roberto Formigoni,Maurizio Sacconi,Maurizio Gasparri,Mariastella Gelmini,Antonio Martino,Giancarlo Galan,Maurizio Lupi,Gaetano Quagliariello,Daniela Santanchè,Sandro Bondi,and Raffaele Fitto.
Network Italy is a Christian-democratic association connected to Popular Alternative (AP),a political party in Italy,and earlier to The People of Freedom. Most of its members,including its long-time leader Roberto Formigoni,are members of the Catholic lay movement Communion and Liberation (CL).
The political career of Silvio Berlusconi (1994–2011) began in 1994,when Berlusconi entered politics for the first time serving intermittent terms as Prime Minister of Italy from 1994 to 1995,2001 to 2006 and 2008 to 2011,his career was racked with controversies and trials;amongst these was his failure to honour his promise to sell his personal assets in Mediaset,the largest television broadcaster network in Italy,in order to dispel any perceived conflicts of interest.
The 2013 Italian general election was held on 24 and 25 February 2013 to determine the 630 members of the Chamber of Deputies and the 315 elective members of the Senate of the Republic for the 17th Italian Parliament. The centre-left alliance Italy Common Good,led by the Democratic Party (PD),obtained a clear majority of seats in the Chamber of Deputies thanks to a majority bonus that effectively trebled the number of seats assigned to the winning force and narrowly defeated the centre-right alliance of former Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi in the popular vote. Close behind,the new anti-establishment Five Star Movement of comedian Beppe Grillo became the third force,well ahead of the centrist coalition of outgoing Prime Minister Mario Monti. In the Senate,no political group or party won an outright majority,resulting in a hung parliament.
The Letta government was the 62nd government of the Italian Republic. In office from 28 April 2013 to 22 January 2014,it comprised ministers of the Democratic Party (PD),The People of Freedom (PdL),Civic Choice (SC),the Union of the Centre (UdC),one of the Italian Radicals (RI) and three non-party independents.
Beatrice Lorenzin is an Italian politician belonging to the Democratic Party,former leader of Popular Alternative,and former Minister of Health from 28 April 2013 to 1 June 2018,in the governments of Enrico Letta,Matteo Renzi and Paolo Gentiloni. In 2018 she became one of the longest-serving health minister in the history of the Italian Republic.
Forza Italia is a centre-right political party in Italy,whose ideology includes elements of liberal conservatism,Christian democracy,liberalism and populism. FI is a member of the European People's Party. Silvio Berlusconi was the party's leader and president until his death in 2023. The party has since been led by Antonio Tajani,who had been vice president and coordinator and now functions as secretary. Other leading members include Elisabetta Casellati.
New Centre-Right was a centre-right political party in Italy. The party was launched on 15 November 2013 by a group of dissidents of The People of Freedom (PdL) who opposed the party's reformation as Forza Italia (FI),which would take place the following day. The NCD leader was Angelino Alfano,who had been Silvio Berlusconi's protégéand national secretary of the PdL from 2011 to 2013.
Gaetano Quagliariello is an Italian politician,former Minister of Constitutional Reforms and current leader of Identity and Action party.
Enrico Costa is an Italian politician and lawyer. His father,Raffaele Costa,was also a politician who was Italian Minister of Health in the first Amato government and the first Berlusconi government.
Energies for Italy was a political party in Italy,launched in November 2016 and officially established on 1 April 2017. Its leader is Stefano Parisi,a former director-general of Confindustria and CEO of Fastweb,who was an unsuccessful candidate for mayor in the 2016 Milan municipal election.
Popular Alternative is a Christian-democratic political party in Italy that was founded on 18 March 2017 after the dissolution of New Centre-Right (NCD),one of the two parties that emerged at the break-up of The People of Freedom. "Popular" is a reference to popolarismo,the Italian variety of Christian democracy. The party has been a member of the European People's Party (EPP) since its foundation,having inherited the membership of the NCD.
Donato Bruno was an Italian politician.
