Roger Gosden

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Roger Gordon Gosden
Roger Gosden 2006.jpg
Born (1948-09-23) 23 September 1948 (age 75)
Ryde, Isle of Wight
NationalityBritish & American
Alma mater University of Bristol
University of Cambridge
University of Edinburgh
SpouseLucinda Veeck Gosden
Scientific career
Fields Physiology
Reproductive medicine
Institutions University of Cambridge
Duke University
Edinburgh Medical School
Leeds School of Medicine
McGill University Health Centre
Eastern Virginia Medical School
Weill Cornell Medical School
College of William & Mary
Theses
Doctoral advisor Robert Edwards

Roger Gordon Gosden (born 23 September 1948) is a British-American physiologist in the field of female reproductive medicine. His scientific research focused on understanding the basic biology of development and senescence of ovaries in women, including mathematically modeling those processes. He did important translational research on ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation.

Contents

Early life and education

Gosden was born on 23 September 1948 at Ryde on the Isle of Wight, [1] the son of Gordon Gosden and Peggy Gosden, née Butcher. [2] He went to Chislehurst and Sidcup Grammar School in Sidcup, Kent, [3] and then took a BSc from the University of Bristol in 1970. [1] He did post-graduate work under Robert Edwards at Darwin College, Cambridge, where he graduated PhD in 1974 with a thesis on Reproductive senescence in female rodents. [4] [5] [6]

Scientific career

Gosden was a lecturer in physiology at the University of Edinburgh Medical School from 1976 to 1994, [2] a professor of reproductive sciences at Leeds School of Medicine from 1994 to 1999, [1] and scientific director of reproductive biology at McGill University Health Centre from 1999 to 2001. [3] [7] His departure from the UK was the hook for an article in The Independent about a wave of scientists emigrating from the UK due to negative public opinion about scientists in the UK. [7] In 2001, Gosden became the director of scientific research at the Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine at Eastern Virginia Medical School, [1] where he was named the Howard & Georgeanna Professor of Reproductive Medicine. [3] He left the Jones Institute in 2004 to become research director of reproductive biology at Weill Cornell Medicine, where his wife was on the faculty; part of the reason why Gosden left the institute was negative public opinion and criticism due to its creation in 2001 of an embryonic stem cell line, as was noted in a report in the journal, Science . [8] He retired from research in 2010. [9]

Gosden's research was focused on understanding, forecasting and treating infertility. [10] His work focused on understanding basic biology around development and senescence of ovarian follicles and ovaries in women, including trying to mathematically model those processes, and he did important translational research on ovarian tissue cryopreservation and on ovary transplantation; his interests also extended to uterus transplantation. [10] [11] In 1994, Gosden and colleagues announced that they had successfully restored fertility to and achieved two live births in sheep through ovarian tissue autotransplantation, one of which had been frozen then thawed. [12] In collaboration with Sherman Silber, this technique was later extended to women using tissue or the entire ovary transplanted from an identical twin. [13] [14] [15] [16] As of December 2016, there had been 86 live-births and were 9 on-going pregnancies directly as a result of these types of ovarian tissue transplantation. [17]

Gosden was a scientific advisor to Celmatix, Inc., which was founded by his former student. [18] [19] He spoke out against the controversial claims made by OvaScience, a company founded in 2012, that it could help older women conceive using putative oogonial stem cells. [20]

Personal life

Gosden married Carole Ann Walsh in 1971 and they had two sons before their divorce in 2003. [1] [3] In 2004 he married Lucinda Veeck, whom he had met at the Jones Institute in Norfolk when she was working there. [21] [22] [23] In the same year he moved to New York to work at Weill Cornell Medicine, where Veeck was director of clinical embryology. [8]

In 2010, they both moved to Williamsburg, Virginia, where they run an independent publishing company, Jamestowne Bookworks, [9] which Gosden opened as outlet for his own works, to allow him to control his own works after a life of assigning copyright to biomedical publishers, and to publish other people's work that interested him. [24]

Honours and lectures

Books

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ovary</span> Female reproductive organ that produces egg cells

The ovary is an organ in the female reproductive system that produces an ovum. When released, this travels down the fallopian tube into the uterus. There is an ovary found on the left and the right side of the body. The ovaries also secrete hormones that play a role in the menstrual cycle and fertility. The ovary progresses through many stages beginning in the prenatal period through menopause. It is also an endocrine gland because of the various hormones that it secretes.

Reproductive technology encompasses all current and anticipated uses of technology in human and animal reproduction, including assisted reproductive technology (ART), contraception and others. It is also termed Assisted Reproductive Technology, where it entails an array of appliances and procedures that enable the realization of safe, improved and healthier reproduction. While this is not true of all people, for an array of married couples, the ability to have children is vital. But through the technology, infertile couples have been provided with options that would allow them to conceive children.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ovarian follicle</span> Structure containing a single egg cell

An ovarian follicle is a roughly spheroid cellular aggregation set found in the ovaries. It secretes hormones that influence stages of the menstrual cycle. At the time of puberty, those with ovaries have approximately 200,000 to 300,000 follicles, each with the potential to release an egg cell (ovum) at ovulation for fertilization. These eggs are developed once every menstrual cycle with around 450–500 being ovulated during a woman's reproductive lifetime.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anti-Müllerian hormone</span> Mammalian protein found in humans

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), also known as Müllerian-inhibiting hormone (MIH), is a glycoprotein hormone structurally related to inhibin and activin from the transforming growth factor beta superfamily, whose key roles are in growth differentiation and folliculogenesis. In humans, it is encoded by the AMH gene, on chromosome 19p13.3, while its receptor is encoded by the AMHR2 gene on chromosome 12.

Gregory M. Fahy is a California-based cryobiologist, biogerontologist, and businessman. He is Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer at Twenty-First Century Medicine, Inc, and has co-founded Intervene Immune, a company developing clinical methods to reverse immune system aging. He is the 2022–2023 president of the Society for Cryobiology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oocyte cryopreservation</span> Procedure to preserve a womans eggs (oocytes)

Oocyte cryopreservation is a procedure to preserve a woman's eggs (oocytes). This technique has been used to enable women to postpone pregnancy to a later date – whether for medical or social reasons. Several studies have shown that most infertility problems are due to germ cell deterioration related to aging. The intention of the procedure is that the woman may choose to have the eggs thawed, fertilized, and transferred to the uterus as embryos to facilitate a pregnancy in the future. The procedure's success rate varies depending on the age of the woman, with odds being higher in younger, adult women.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">In vitro maturation</span> Artificial maturation of harvested immature egg cells

In vitro maturation (IVM) is the technique of letting the contents of ovarian follicles and the oocytes inside mature in vitro. It can be offered to women with infertility problems, combined with In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), offering women pregnancy without ovarian stimulation.

Poor ovarian reserve is a condition of low fertility characterized by 1): low numbers of remaining oocytes in the ovaries or 2) possibly impaired preantral oocyte development or recruitment. Recent research suggests that premature ovarian aging and premature ovarian failure may represent a continuum of premature ovarian senescence. It is usually accompanied by high FSH levels.

Transvaginal oocyte retrieval (TVOR), also referred to as oocyte retrieval (OCR), is a technique used in in vitro fertilization (IVF) in order to remove oocytes from the ovary of a woman, enabling fertilization outside the body. Transvaginal oocyte retrieval is more properly referred to as transvaginal ovum retrieval when the oocytes have matured into ova, as is normally the case in IVF. It can be also performed for egg donation, oocyte cryopreservation and other assisted reproduction technology such as ICSI.

Fertility preservation is the effort to help cancer patients retain their fertility, or ability to procreate. Research into how cancer, ageing and other health conditions effect reproductive health and preservation options are growing. Specifically sparked in part by the increase in the survival rate of cancer patients.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cryopreservation</span> Process to preserve biological matter

Cryopreservation or cryoconservation is a process where biological material - cells, tissues, or organs - are frozen to preserve the material for an extended period of time. At low temperatures any cell metabolism which might cause damage to the biological material in question is effectively stopped. Cryopreservation is an effective way to transport biological samples over long distances, store samples for prolonged periods of time, and create a bank of samples for users. Molecules, referred to as cryoprotective agents (CPAs), are added to reduce the osmotic shock and physical stresses cells undergo in the freezing process. Some cryoprotective agents used in research are inspired by plants and animals in nature that have unique cold tolerance to survive harsh winters, including: trees, wood frogs, and tardigrades.

Reproductive surgery is surgery in the field of reproductive medicine. It can be used for contraception, e.g. in vasectomy, wherein the vasa deferentia of a male are severed, but is also used plentifully in assisted reproductive technology. Reproductive surgery is generally divided into three categories: surgery for infertility, in vitro fertilization, and fertility preservation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sherman Silber</span> American physician

Sherman J. Silber is physician specializing in the field of infertility. He invented many of the infertility treatments in use today in the domain of IVF, sperm retrieval, ICSI, vasectomy reversal, tubal ligation reversal, egg and embryo freezing, ovary transplantation, and the reproductive biological clock. He performed the world's first ovary and testicle transplants, created and popularized the microsurgical vasectomy reversal, and popularized ovarian tissue freezing to preserve female fertility. He was the first to research the genetic causes of infertility in men, and developed the TESE-ICSI technique for extracting sperm from men with low or nonexistent sperm counts and direct injection of the sperm into the egg. Additionally, Silber has studied fertility in animals and performed microscopic surgery on chimpanzees, South American bush dogs, Przewalski's horse, gorillas, wolves, and other endangered species.

Ovarian tissue cryopreservation is cryopreservation of tissue of the ovary of a female.

The Fertiprotekt network is a cooperation of university centres, hospitals and practices. It was founded in Germany in 2006. The network now extends to all German-speaking countries and currently units ca. 100 institutions in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.

Ovarian follicle activation can be defined as primordial follicles in the ovary moving from a quiescent (inactive) to a growing phase. The primordial follicle in the ovary is what makes up the “pool” of follicles that will be induced to enter growth and developmental changes that change them into pre-ovulatory follicles, ready to be released during ovulation. The process of development from a primordial follicle to a pre-ovulatory follicle is called folliculogenesis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Evelyn Telfer</span> British reproductive biologist

Evelyn Elizabeth Telfer is a reproductive biologist and professor at the University of Edinburgh. She leads a research team which has successfully grown immature human eggs to maturity in the lab, and discovered that human ovaries are capable of growing new eggs. In 2018 she was named one of Porter magazine's Incredible Women of 2018. In January 2019 she delivered the Anne McLaren Memorial Lecture at the Joint Fertility Societies Meeting in Birmingham: Fertility 2019. The Society of Reproduction and Fertility (SRF) presented her with their Distinguished Scientist award. Professor Telfer was presented with the Marshall Medal by SRF at Fertility 2023 in Belfast in recognition of her world leading contributions to the field of ovarian function and fertility preservation. The Marshall Medal is the Society’s premier award established in 1963 to commemorate the life and work of the eminent physiologist FHA Marshall.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Artificial ovary</span>

An artificial ovary is a potential fertility preservation treatment that aims to mimic the function of the natural ovary.

Ovarian culture is an in-vitro process that allows for the investigation of the development, toxicology and pathology of the ovary. This technique can also be used to study possible applications of fertility treatments e.g. isolating oocytes from primordial ovarian follicles that could be used for fertilisation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ovarian stem cell</span>

Ovarian stem cells are oocytes formed in ovarian follicle before birth in female mammals. They do not form post-natally, and are depleted throughout reproductive life. In humans it is estimated that 500,000–1,000,000 primordial follicles are present at birth, decreasing rapidly with age until roughly age 51 when ovulation stops, resulting in menopause. The origin of these oocytes remains under discussion. The publication of a study in 2004 proposing germ cell renewal in adult mice sparked a debate on the possibility of stem cells in the postnatal ovary. An increasing number of studies suggest that stem cells exist within the mammalian ovary and can be manipulated in vitro to produce oocytes, but whether such ovarian stem cells have the potential to differentiate into oocytes remains uncertain.

References

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  2. 1 2 Lumley, Elizabeth (2002). The Canadian Who's Who. University of Toronto Press. p. 514. ISBN   978-0-8020-4970-4.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Sleeman, Elizabeth; Neale, Alison; Robinson, Kate, eds. (2003). The International Who's Who 2004. London: Europa Publications Limited. ISBN   978-1-85743-217-6. OCLC   491652781.
  4. ↑ Prentice, Andrew; Smith, Sophia; et al., eds. (2007). "New York alumni gathering". The Darwinian. Retrieved 6 February 2017– via Issuu.com.
  5. ↑ Gosden, R.G. (21 May 1974). Reproductive senescence in female rodents (Thesis). University of Cambridge Department of Physiology.
  6. ↑ Johnson, MH (August 2011). "Robert Edwards: the path to IVF". Reproductive Biomedicine Online. 23 (2): 245–62. doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2011.04.010. PMC   3171154 . PMID   21680248.
  7. 1 2 Dobson, Roger (26 September 1999). "Focus: The Brain Drain: Medical stars pack their bags". The Independent. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  8. 1 2 Science, American Association for the Advancement of (3 September 2004). "Random Samples". Science. 305 (5689): 1398. ISSN   0036-8075.
  9. 1 2 Simpson, Elizabeth (8 October 2015). "Father of in-vitro fertilization delivers final story of medicine, love". Virginian-Pilot.
  10. 1 2 3 Hillier, P. S. G. (1 February 2012). "Modern methods of fertility preservation: a tribute to Roger Gosden". Molecular Human Reproduction. 18 (2): 57–58. doi: 10.1093/molehr/gas003 . PMID   22287563.
  11. ↑ Gosden, RG (December 2008). "Ovary and uterus transplantation". Reproduction. 136 (6): 671–80. doi: 10.1530/REP-08-0099 . PMID   18728099.
  12. ↑ Prasath, Ethiraj B. (1 January 2008). "Ovarian tissue cryopreservation: An update". Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences. 1 (2): 50–55. doi: 10.4103/0974-1208.44111 . PMC   2700672 . PMID   19562046.
  13. ↑ Silber, S. J. (1 February 2012). "Ovary cryopreservation and transplantation for fertility preservation". Molecular Human Reproduction. 18 (2): 59–67. doi: 10.1093/molehr/gar082 . PMID   22205727.
  14. ↑ Silber, S.J.; Gosden, R.G.; et al. (11 December 2008). "Successful pregnancy after microsurgical transplantation of an intact ovary". The New England Journal of Medicine. 359 (24): 2617–2618. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc0804321 . PMID   19073987. S2CID   74857297.
  15. ↑ Lambert, Victoria (26 November 2009). "Fertility: stop all the clocks". Telegraph.co.uk. Archived from the original on 11 February 2017. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  16. ↑ Cooperman, Jeannette (7 September 2012). "Dr. Sherman Silber Takes His Reproductive Technology to China". St. Louis Magazine. Archived from the original on 11 February 2017. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  17. ↑ Jensen, A. K.; Macklon, K. T.; Fedder, J.; Ernst, E.; Humaidan, P.; Andersen, C. Y. (27 December 2016). "86 successful births and 9 ongoing pregnancies worldwide in women transplanted with frozen-thawed ovarian tissue: focus on birth and perinatal outcome in 40 of these children". Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics. 34 (3): 325–336. doi:10.1007/s10815-016-0843-9. PMC   5360679 . PMID   28028773.
  18. ↑ Mollory, Chris; Charlie, Grebenstein; et al. (2016). "Digital Healthcare - RSA Talent Equity Report". RSA Group: 23. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  19. ↑ "Celmatix, Inc. - Relationship Science". Relationshipscience.com. Archived from the original on 8 February 2017. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  20. ↑ Boyd, Roddy (6 April 2015). "Irreproducible Results, Inc". Southern Investigative Reporting Foundation.
  21. ↑ Simpson, Elizabeth (1 December 2014). "For in vitro pioneer, even at 103, the work never ends". Virginian-Pilot.
  22. ↑ Mundy, Liza (24 April 2007). Everything Conceivable. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. ISBN   978-0-307-26727-6.
  23. ↑ Garcia, Jairo; Veeck, Lucinda; et al. (1984). "In vitro fertilization in Norfolk, Virginia, 1980–1983". Journal of in Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer. 1 (1): 24–28. doi:10.1007/BF01129616. ISSN   0740-7769. PMID   6336088. S2CID   26041741.
  24. ↑ Phelps, Linda Landreth (March 2015). "Dr. Roger Gosden: Scientist and Writer" (PDF). Williamsburgh's Next Door Neighbors. 9 (3): 21–23.
  25. ↑ "Past Awards - Society for Reproduction and Fertility". Society for Reproduction and Fertility. Archived from the original on 6 February 2017. Retrieved 6 February 2017.
  26. 1 2 Campbell, Trudi (ed.). "Newsletter - Autumn 2013" (PDF). British Fertility Society. Bioscientifica Ltd. pp. 5, 7. ISSN   2045-6891.
  27. ↑ "XVth Development and Function of Reproductive Organs International Conference". University of St Andrews. Archived from the original on 6 February 2017. Retrieved 6 February 2017.
  28. ↑ Bronchart, Rudy Lechantre and Gregory. "Board Of Directors". International Society for Fertility Preservation. Archived from the original on 6 February 2017. Retrieved 6 February 2017.
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