The design assignment was issued in 1969. The development of Project 949 was a new stage in the development of APRC-class submarines, which, in accordance with the concept of asymmetric response, were tasked with countering aircraft carrier strike formations. The new missile submarines were to replace the submarines of Projects 659 and 675 and in accordance with the terms of reference surpassed them in all basic parameters - could launch missiles from both surface and underwater position, had less noise, higher underwater speed, three times higher ammunition, missiles with radically improved combat capabilities. Project 949 became the pinnacle and the end of the development of highly specialized submarines (aircraft carrier killers).
In December 2011, they became known that the Rubin Central Design Bureau had developed a modernization project. It is planned to replace the P-700 missiles with the more modern P-800 Oniks missiles from the Caliber family. Modification of launch containers is planned, without alteration of the hull. The modernization of the nuclear submarine of the Northern Fleet will be carried out at the Zvezdochka CS, and the Zvezda shipyard.[3]
The design is double-hulled, with a distance between a light and durable body of 3.5 meters, which provides a significant buoyancy margin, up to 30%, and provides additional protection against underwater explosions. For their characteristic appearance, they received the nickname baton,[4] and for their powerful strike weapons they were nicknamed aircraft carrier killers. The robust housing is divided into ten internal compartments.[5]
Summer-autumn 1999, joint performance of BS missions with K-141 Kursk in the Mediterranean Sea. K-150 Tomsk was under the control of the crew of K-186 Omsk (commander - Captain 1st Rank VV Dmitriev, senior on board - Division Commander Rear Admiral NG Kovalevsky). Despite the fact that the US Navy's 3rd Fleet allocated significant forces to search and detect Russian SSGNs, the crew successfully completed all the assigned tasks. Upon completion of the BS, General of the Army A.V. Kvashnin awarded each crew member with a personal watch.
From September to December 2003, the execution of combat duty.
In 2003, he won the prize of the Civil Code of the Russian Navy.
In 2004, the fulfillment of the BS tasks, according to the results of the year, the crew won two prizes of the Civil Code of the Russian Navy.
In 2006 he won the prize of the Civil Code of the Russian Navy.
In 2007, two more prizes of the Civil Code of the Russian Navy were won.
In November 2008, the submarine arrived in the city of Bolshoy Kamen at the Zvezda shipyard to restore technical readiness.
In 2010, it was moved to the quay wall of the plant due to a breakdown of the cooling unit at one of the reactors. At the time of the repair, the readiness of the SSGN was ensured by the 621 crew.
On the morning of 16 September 2013, a fire broke out during the installation of the main ballast tank. As a result of the ignition of the interhull heat and sound insulation material in the space between the light and durable hull, the submarine partially lost its functional characteristics. 15 servicemen were injured, all of them were sent for treatment to the naval clinical hospital.[7]
Tomsk in December 2015
On 12 June 2014, the boat was launched after repairs,[8] and in December went to the place of permanent basing in Kamchatka.[9] on 25 December, after repairs again included in the combat composition of the Pacific Fleet.[10]
On 26 October 2015, a delegation from Tomsk visited the sponsored nuclear submarine in Vilyuchinsk based on the submarine forces of the Pacific Fleet.[11] By the end of December 2015, after successfully completing combat training missions, the K-150 Tomsk submarine under the command of Captain 1st Rank Roman Velichenko returned to the permanent base in Kamchatka. The chief of staff of the submarine forces of the KTOF Rear Admiral Sergei Rekish presented the crew with the Challenge Cup of the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy for the first place in the competition between multipurpose submarines to destroy imaginary enemy ships with combat firing with cruise missiles.[12]
In 2016, the submarine took first place in the results of firing to destroy the ships of a mock enemy with cruise missiles between multipurpose submarines. Also, at the end of the year, the Tomsk crew was awarded the Challenge Cup of the Pacific Fleet Commander for tactical training and the Challenge Cup of the Union of Pacific Fleet Submariners for high professional training and combat training.[13]
On 12 July 2017, the submarine from a submerged position in the Sea of Okhotsk successfully launched a supersonic cruise missile Granit at a training coastal target at the Kura training ground in the Kamchatka Territory.[14][15] On 9 October 2017, during a joint command and staff training with the flagship of the Pacific Fleet Guards missile cruiser Varyag to hit a target vessel from the Sea of Okhotsk at maximum range, successfully fired a Granit cruise missile at a given surface target from a submerged position.[16][17] According to the results of the 2017 championship for the challenge prize of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, the K-150 Tomsk crew was declared the best in striking a sea target with cruise missiles.[18]
For September 2020, the K-150 Tomsk was part of the 10th Submarine Division of the 16th Red Banner Submarine Squadron based at Vilyuchinsk, Krasheninnikov Bay (Kamchatka naval base).
On 15 July 2022, Tomsk (along with Omsk and Kuzbass) returned from three month deployment.[19]
On 15 December, she started repairs at Dalzavod.[20]
On 19 April 2023, she made a salvo of 22 P-700 anti-ship cruise missiles.[21]
The Oscar class, Soviet designations Project 949 Granit and Project 949A Antey, are a series of nuclear-powered cruise missile submarines designed in the Soviet Union for the Soviet Navy. First built in the 1970s, six remain in service with the Russian Navy. Two other vessels were slated to be modernized since at least 2017 as Project 949AM, to extend their service life and increase combat capabilities but it is unclear whether work continues as of 2023.
The K-442 Chelyabinsk is an Oscar II Class SSGN of the Russian Navy.
The Borei class, alternate transliteration Borey, Russian designation Project 955 Borei and Project 955A Borei-A, are a series of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines being constructed by Sevmash for the Russian Navy. The class has been replacing the steadily retiring Russian Navy Delta III and Delta IV classes and fully retired Typhoon, all three classes being Soviet-era submarines.
Pyotr Velikiy is the fourth Kirov-class battlecruiser of the Russian Navy. She was initially named Yuri Andropov after Yuri Andropov, the former General Secretary of the Communist Party, but the ship's name was changed after the fall of the Soviet Union. The Russian designation for the type is "heavy nuclear-powered guided missile cruiser", but Western defense commentators have resurrected the term "battlecruiser" to describe them, as they are the largest surface "line of battle" warships in the world. Pyotr Velikiy is the flagship of the Northern Fleet.
The Yasen class, Russian designations Project 885 Yasen and Project 885M Yasen-M, also referred to as the Graney class, are a series of nuclear-powered cruise missile submarines designed by the Malakhit Marine Engineering Bureau and built by Sevmash for the Russian Navy. Design work commenced in earnest in the 1980s with the first submarine built in the 1990s–early 2010s with commissioning in 2013. Two additional boats to an upgraded Yasen-M design were commissioned in 2021 and six more are under construction. Based on the Akula class and Alfa class designs, the Yasen class is projected to replace the Russian Navy's current Soviet-era nuclear attack submarines. The Akula class is optimised for a hunter-killer role, whereas the Yasen class concept uses the platform as a nuclear guided missile submarine (SSGN).
Admiral Nakhimov is the third battlecruiser of the Russian Navy's Kirov class. The ship was originally commissioned into service with the Soviet Navy in 1988, known back then as Kalinin (Калинин), a name the ship kept until 1992 when it was renamed for Pavel Nakhimov. From 1997 Admiral Nakhimov is undergoing a repair and a refit to receive new and improved weaponry and had been scheduled to re-enter service with the Russian Navy in around 2022. The date for the ship's return to service is uncertain. In 2021 it was reported that the ship's return to service would be delayed until "at least" 2023 while in February 2022 it was reported that Sevmash CEO Mikhail Budnichenko noted that the warship was planned for delivery in 2022. Later in the year it was again reported that the vessel's return to service might be delayed as late as 2024, with this being eventually confirmed by the head of United Shipbuilding Corporation Alexei Rakhmanov.
Russian cruiser Varyag, formerly Chervona Ukraina, is the third ship of the Slava-class of guided missile cruisers built for the Soviet Navy now serving the Russian Navy.
K-550 Alexander Nevsky is a Russian nuclear ballistic missile submarine of the fourth generation Borei class. Named after the Russian saint Alexander Nevsky, the submarine was laid down in March 2004 and was first planned to be launched in 2009. However, budgetary problems and repeated failures of the submarine's main weapon, the Bulava SLBM missile, pushed the launch date backward. Russian officials have however claimed that the submarine has been completed on time and even ahead of schedule.
K-561 Kazan is a Yasen-class nuclear-powered cruise missile submarine of the Russian Navy. It is the second boat of the project, separated from the first by 16 years (1993–2009). Considerable changes were made to the initial design. Differences in the project have appeared sufficient to consider it as a new upgraded version Yasen-M. The submarine is named after the city of Kazan. The submarine is deployed with the Russian Northern Fleet.
K-549 Knyaz Vladimir is a Borei-class nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine, and the first upgraded Borei-A unit to enter service with the Russian Navy. The submarine is named after Knyaz Vladimir the Great.
K-114 Tula is a Project 667BDRM Delfin-class nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN). As such, she carries a complement of R-29RM Shtil and R-29RMU Sineva nuclear submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBM) as her primary deterrent mission, along with anti-ship missiles and torpedoes, the latter for self-defense. Built in Severodvinsk during the late 1980s, she served with the Soviet Navy before being transferred to the Russian Navy following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Tula underwent an extensive overhaul during 2000–2004 and was fitted with upgraded Shtil SLBMs, several of which were launched from her during her later operational life. She was sponsored by the city of Tula, and is homeported in Gadzhiyevo.
K-266 Orel is a Project 949AM nuclear-powered cruise missile submarine (SSGN). She is one of three Oscar II submarines still serving in the Russian Northern Fleet, all assigned to the 11th Submarine Division, berthed at Guba Bolshaya Lopatka, on the Kola Peninsula northwest of Severomorsk.
K-573 Novosibirsk is a Yasen-class nuclear-powered cruise missile submarine of the Russian Navy. It is the second boat of the project Yasen-M. Considerable changes were made to the initial Yasen design. Differences in the project have appeared sufficient to consider it as a new upgraded version Yasen-M. The submarine is named after the city of Novosibirsk.
The K-119 Voronezh is an Oscar-class submarine in the Russian Navy.
The K-186 Omsk is an Oscar-class submarine in the Russian Navy.
The K-410 Smolensk is an Oscar-class submarine in the Russian Navy.
The K-132 Irkutsk is an Oscar-class submarine in the Russian Navy.
The K-419 Kuzbass is an Akula-class submarine in the Russian Navy.
Generalissimus Suvorov is a Borei-class nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine developed by the Rubin Design Bureau and constructed by the Sevmash for the Russian Navy. The submarine is named after Alexander Suvorov.
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