SPYDER

Last updated

SPYDER
SPYDER.jpg
A missile firing unit (MFU) of the SPYDER-SR system
Type Short and medium range air defence system
Place of originIsrael
Service history
Used bySee Operators
Wars Russo-Georgian War (unconfirmed), 2019 India–Pakistan border skirmishes
Production history
Designer Rafael Advanced Defense Systems
ManufacturerRafael Advanced Defense Systems
Produced2005–present
VariantsSPYDER-SR
SPYDER-MR, SPYDER LR (counter TBM)
Specifications (SPYDER-SR)
Mass105  kg (231  lb) (Python-5)
118 kg (260 lb) (Derby)
Length3.1  m (10  ft 2  in) (Python-5)
3.62 m (11 ft 11 in) (Derby)
Diameter160 mm (6.3 in) (both)
Wingspan640 mm (2 ft 1 in) (both)
Warhead11 kg (24 lb) (Python-5)
23 kg (51 lb) (Derby)
Detonation
mechanism
Active laser and electromagnetic proximity fuse with back-up impact fuse
Main
armament
×4 Python-5 or Derby missiles in any combination per MFU
Operational
range
Python-5: 20 km (12 mi)
Derby: 50 km (31 mi) [1]
Flight altitudePython-5: 9,000 m (30,000 ft)
Derby: 16,000 m (52,000 ft) [1]
Maximum speed Mach 4
Guidance
system
 Infrared homing and electro-optical imaging (Python-5)
Active radar homing (Derby)
Launch
platform
 Tatra 817 truck
Mercedes-Benz Actros truck
RMMV HX truck
MAN TGS truck
Scania P-series truck
Dongfeng truck
TELAR

The SPYDER ("Surface-to-air Python and Derby") is an Israeli short and medium range mobile air defence system developed by Rafael Advanced Defense Systems with assistance from Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI). Rafael is the prime contractor and IAI is the major subcontractor for the SPYDER program. This system achieved a notable milestone in 2005 when missiles were fired against test targets in Shdema, Israel and scored direct hits. Since then, it has been showcased in multiple military exhibitions throughout the world.

Contents

The SPYDER is a low-level, quick-reaction surface-to-air missile system capable of engaging aircraft, helicopters, unmanned air vehicles, drones, cruise missiles and precision-guided munitions. It provides air defence for fixed assets and for point and area defence for mobile forces in combat areas. The system is fitted atop a Tatra truck, a Mercedes-Benz Actros truck, a MAN TGS truck, Scania P-series truck, Dongfeng truck, or a TELAR. It implements the Python-5 and Derby missiles of the same company. The SPYDER launcher is designed to fire Python-5 and Derby surface-to-air missiles which share full commonality with the air-to-air missiles. There are two variants of the SPYDER: the SPYDER-SR (short range) and the SPYDER-MR (medium range). Both systems are quick reaction, all weather, network-centric, multi-launchers, and self-propelled. A typical battery consists one central command and control unit, six missile firing units, and a resupply vehicle. The SPYDER-SR uses the EL/M-2106 ATAR radar while the SPYDER-MR incorporates the EL/M-2084 MMR radar. The latter is the same radar used by the Iron Dome system currently in service with the Israel Defense Forces.

Current operators of the SPYDER missiles system include India and Singapore. Peru's order for the SPYDER was pending as of 2012. There are reports that claim that Georgia operated the SPYDER-SR during the 2008 Russo-Georgian War but these allegations and assumptions have never been verified.

Development

In 2005, a milestone for the SPYDER air defence system was achieved. The SPYDER successfully fired the Python 5 and Derby in a test range located in Shdema, Israel. The results were two direct kills against a couple of targets. At the trial, the radar and command and control unit engaged the targets at long and short ranges. The trial was part of a greater series of missile firings. [2]

Exhibitions

The SPYDER air defence system has been showcased in 29 military exhibitions throughout the world. These exhibitions are:

  • 2004 DEFEXPO [3]
  • 2006 DEFEXPO [4]
  • 2006 Asian Aerospace [5]
  • 2006 International Defense Exhibition Bratislava [6]
  • 2006 Eurosatory [7]
  • 2007 AeroIndia Aerospace Exhibition [8]
  • 2007 IDET [9]
  • 2007 IDEF [10]
  • 2007 Paris Air Show [11]
  • 2007 MSPO International Defence Industry Exhibition [12]
  • 2007 Korean Aerospace and Defense Exhibition [13]
  • 2007 Expomil [14]
  • 2008 DEFEXPO [15]
  • 2008 Singapore International Air Show [16]
  • 2008 FIDAE [17]
  • 2008 Land Warfare Conference and Exhibition [18] [19]
  • 2009 Aero India Aerospace Exhibition [20]
  • 2009 Australian Air Show [21]
  • 2009 Paris Air Show [22]
  • 2009 MSPO International Defence Industry Exhibition [23]
  • 2009 Expomil [24]
  • 2010 Singapore Air Show [25]
  • 2010 DEFEXPO [26]
  • 2010 FIDAE [27]
  • 2010 Eurosatory [28]
  • 2011 Aero India Aerospace Exhibition [29]
  • 2011 Latin America Aero & Defence [30]
  • 2011 SITDEF [31]
  • 2011 Paris Air Show [32]

Description

Command and control

EL/M-2106 ATAR

The Elta EL/M-2106 Advanced Tactical Acquisition Radar (ATAR) 3D Active electronically scanned array (AESA) surveillance radar is the Command and Control Unit (CCU) for the SPYDER-SR. This radar can track and engage multiple targets simultaneously and can control the missile firing units at a distance of up to 10 km away from the CCU. [33] The E/LM-2106 ATAR is a fourth generation defence radar designed by Elta and operates in the L-band wavelength. It is a field proven design that has operated in undesirable environments according to the designers and manufacturers. The range of detection for a fighter aircraft is 70–110 km. It can detect hovering helicopters at a range of 40 km and UAVs at 40–60 km. [34]

EL/M-2084 MMR

An EL/M-2084 multi-mission radar besides a SPYDER-MR MFU of Vietnam. SPYDER-MR MFU alongside ELM-2084 of Vietnam.png
An EL/M-2084 multi-mission radar besides a SPYDER-MR MFU of Vietnam.

The radar sensor unit of the SPYDER-MR comprises the EL/M-2084 Multi Mission Radar (MMR) 3D AESA radar. The EL/M-2084 operates in the S-band. It can process up to 1200 targets when in air surveillance mode and also detects targets located 250 km away. When the radar is static, it covers 120° in the azimuth. [35]

Surface-to-air missiles

Ranges of Interception

As a short range air defence system, the SPYDER-SR has a short range of interception. The maximum altitude of interception is 9 km and the maximum range of interception is 15 km. [33] The SPYDER-MR has a greater operation range of 35 km and an altitude engagement of 16 km due to the missiles being equipped with boosters. [36] [lower-alpha 1]

Python-5

The Python-5 is currently the most capable air-to-air missile (AAM) in Israel's inventory and one of the most advanced AAMs in the world. As a beyond-visual-range missile, it is capable of "lock-on after launch" (LOAL), and has all-aspect/all-direction (including rearward) attack ability. The missile features an advanced electro-optical infrared homing (with imaging infrared) seeker which scans the target area for hostile aircraft, then locks-on for terminal chase. [38]

Derby

The Derby is an active radar homing AAM that provides the SPYDER missile system with a fire-and-forget option due to its active radar guidance. [39]

  • Length: 362 cm
  • Span: 64 cm
  • Diameter: 16 cm
  • Weight: 118 kg
  • Guidance: Active radar homing
  • Warhead: 23 kg
  • Speed: Mach 4

In January 2023, Rafael announced that they had upgraded the Spyder to be able to counter tactical ballistic missiles by performing hardware and software upgrades to the Derby LR missile interceptor. [40]

Variants

Spyder missile system.jpg
The inclined, rotatable launcher used by the SPYDER-SR and SPYDER-ER variants
SPYDER-MR MFU of Vietnam.png
The vertical, non-rotatable launcher of the booster-featured SPYDER-MR and SPYDER-LR

SPYDER-SR and SPYDER-ER 360° slant launching missile systems provide quick reaction, lock-on-before-launch (LOBL) and lock-on-after launch (LOAL) capabilities, while extending the range of defense to up to a 40 km radius. [41]

SPYDER-MR and SPYDER-LR offer medium & long range target interception through vertical launch while pushing the defense envelope up to an 80 km radius. [41]

Both systems enable a 360° launch within seconds of the target being declared hostile ‒ and provide all-weather, multi-launch, and net-centric capabilities. [41]

The SPYDER systems have advanced ECCM capabilities and use electro-optical observation payloads as well as wireless data link communication. [41]

Operational use

Operators

Map with SPYDER operators in blue SPYDER operators.png
Map with SPYDER operators in blue

Current operators

Flag of Azerbaijan.svg  Azerbaijan
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic
Flag of Ethiopia.svg  Ethiopia
Flag of India.svg  India
SPYDER quick reaction air defence system of Indian Air Force firing a Derby missile IAF SPYDER.jpg
SPYDER quick reaction air defence system of Indian Air Force firing a Derby missile
Flag of Peru.svg  Peru
Flag of the Philippines.svg  Philippines
Flag of Singapore.svg  Singapore
Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam
Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates
Flag of Morocco.svg  Morocco

Possible operator

Flag of Georgia.svg  Georgia
Flag of Romania.svg  Romania

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Israeli Air Force</span> Aerial service branch of the Israel Defense Forces

The Israeli Air Force operates as the aerial and space warfare branch of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). It was founded on May 28, 1948, shortly after the Israeli Declaration of Independence. As of April 2022, Aluf Tomer Bar has been serving as the Air Force commander.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arrow (missile family)</span> Anti-ballistic missile family

The Arrow or Hetz is a family of anti-ballistic missiles designed to fulfill an Israeli requirement for a missile defense system that would be more effective against ballistic missiles than the MIM-104 Patriot surface-to-air missile. Jointly funded and produced by Israel and the United States, development of the system began in 1986 and has continued since, drawing some contested criticism. Undertaken by the MALAM division of the Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) and Boeing, it is overseen by the Israeli Ministry of Defense's "Homa" administration and the U.S. Missile Defense Agency. It forms the long-range layer of Israel's multi-tiered missile defence system, along with David's Sling and Iron Dome and Iron Beam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Python (missile)</span> Israeli short-range air-to-air missile

The Rafael Python (פיתון) is a family of air-to-air missiles (AAMs) built by the Israeli weapons manufacturer Rafael Advanced Defense Systems, formerly RAFAEL Armament Development Authority. Originally starting with the Shafrir series, the Shafrir-1 missile was developed in 1959, followed by the Shafrir-2 in early 1970s. Subsequently, the missiles were given the western name of "Python" by the parent company for export purposes, starting with the Python-3 in 1978. Since then, it has been further developed and evolved into the Python-4, Python-5, Derby and also, the SPYDER, an advanced ground-based air-defence system. Currently, the missiles are in service with the armed forces of over fifteen countries from around the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IRIS-T</span> Medium-range infrared homing missile

The IRIS-T is a medium range infrared homing air-to-air missile available in both air-to-air and ground defence surface-to-air variants. It also is called AIM-2000.

Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd. is an Israeli defense technology company. It was founded as Israel's National R&D Defense Laboratory for the development of weapons and military technology within the Israeli Ministry of Defense; in 2002 it was incorporated as a limited company.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Akash (missile)</span> Indian surface-to-air missile series

Akash is a medium-range mobile surface-to-air missile (SAM) system developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and produced by Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL). Surveillance and Fire control radar, tactical control and command center and missile launcher are developed by Bharat Electronics (BEL), Tata Power Strategic Engineering Division and Larsen & Toubro. The Akash missile system can target aircraft up to 45 km (28 mi) away. It has the capability to neutralise aerial targets like fighter jets, cruise missiles and air-to-surface missiles. It is in operational service with the Indian Army and the Indian Air Force.

Trishul is a low-level quick-reaction short range surface-to-air missile developed in India by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) as part of the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP). It can also be used as an anti-sea skimmer from naval ship against low flying missile, attack helicopter and aircraft.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">S-200 missile system</span> Surface-to-air missile system

The NPO Almaz S-200 Angara/Vega/Dubna, NATO reporting name SA-5 Gammon, is a long-range, high-altitude surface-to-air missile (SAM) system developed by the Soviet Union in the 1960s to defend large areas from high-altitude bombers or other targets. In Soviet service, these systems were deployed primarily on the battalion level, with six launchers and a fire control radar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Astra (missile)</span> Indian beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile

Astra is an Indian family of all weather beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile, developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation. Different missiles of this family are capable of engaging targets at varying distances of 500 m (0.31 mi) up to 340 km (210 mi). Astra Mk-1 has been integrated with Indian Air Force's Sukhoi Su-30MKI and will be integrated with Dassault Mirage 2000, HAL Tejas and Mikoyan MiG-29 in the future. Limited series production of Astra Mk-1 missiles began in 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HAL AMCA</span> Indian fifth-generation stealth fighter programme

The Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) is an Indian single-seat, twin-engine, all-weather fifth-generation stealth, multirole combat aircraft being developed for the Indian Air Force and the Indian Navy. The Mark-1 variant of the aircraft will be a fifth generation fighter while the Mark-2 variant will have sixth-generation technologies. The aircraft is designed by the Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA) - an aircraft design agency under MoD. A Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) consisting of ADA, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) and a private company is being formed for the development and production of AMCA. In March 2024, the project received approval from India's Cabinet Committee on Security for the prototype development.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">C-RAM</span> Military air defense system

Counter rocket, artillery, and mortar, abbreviated C-RAM or counter-RAM, is a set of systems used to detect and/or destroy incoming rockets, artillery, and mortar rounds in the air before they hit their ground targets, or simply provide early warning.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spike (missile)</span> Israeli anti-tank missile

Spike is an Israeli fire-and-forget anti-tank guided missile and anti-personnel missile with a tandem-charge high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) warhead. As of 2007, it is in its fourth generation. It was developed and designed by the Israeli company Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. It is available in man-portable, vehicle-launched, helicopter-launched and maritime variants.

The Indian Ballistic Missile Defence Programme is an initiative to develop and deploy a multi-layered ballistic missile defence system to protect India from ballistic missile attacks. It was launched in 2000 after Kargil War by the Atal Bihari Vajpayee government. Testing was carried out and continuing as of 2006, and the system was expected to be operational four years from then according to the head of the country's missiles development programme, Vijay Kumar Saraswat.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">David's Sling</span> Medium to long range surface-to-air/anti-ballistic missile

David's Sling, also formerly known as Magic Wand, is an Israel Defense Forces military system jointly developed by the Israeli defense contractor Rafael Advanced Defense Systems and the American defense contractor Raytheon, that became operational in 2017. It is designed to intercept enemy planes, drones, tactical ballistic missiles, medium- to long-range rockets and cruise missiles, fired at ranges from 40 to 300 km. David's Sling is intended to replace the MIM-23 Hawk and MIM-104 Patriot in the Israeli arsenal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Barak 8</span> Medium to long-range surface-to-air missile

Barak 8, also known as LR-SAM or MR-SAM, is an Indo-Israeli jointly developed surface-to-air missile (SAM) system, designed to defend against any type of airborne threat including aircraft, helicopters, anti-ship missiles, and UAVs as well as ballistic missiles, cruise missiles and combat jets. Both maritime and land-based variants of the system exist.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Missile defense systems by country</span> Introduction of protective military equipments

Missile defense systems are a type of missile defense intended to shield a country against incoming missiles, such as intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) or other ballistic missiles. The United States, Russia, India, France, Israel, Italy, United Kingdom, China and Iran have all developed missile defense systems.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">EL/M-2084</span> Ground-based mobile 3D AESA multi-mission radar

The ELM-2084 is an Israeli ground-based mobile 3D AESA multi-mission radar (MMR) family produced by ELTA, a subsidiary of Israel Aerospace Industries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Akash-NG</span> Indian surface to air missile series

Akash - New generation abbreviated as Akash-NG is a mid-ranged mobile surface-to-air missile defense system developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and produced by Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL) and Bharat Electronics (BEL).

Project Kusha is an Indian long-range mobile surface to air missile system being developed by the Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO). The missile system will consist of atleast 3 types of interceptors and is expected to be deployed by 2028-29.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">SAMAR Air Defence System</span> Indian surface to air missile series

The Surface to Air Missile for Assured Retaliation, or SAMAR is a short range, quick reaction surface-to-air missile system. The Indian Air Force (IAF) Maintenance Command's 7 Base Repair Depot Tughlakabad (BRD) and 11 Base Repair Depot Ojhar, in collaboration with Simran Flowtech Industries and Yamazuki Denki, two Indian private sector companies, created the SAMAR system.

References

Notes

  1. ↑ The official brochure of the SPYDER missile system by Rafael Advanced Defense Systems contradicts the figures for the interception range for both the SPYDER-SR and SPYDER-MR. The brochure mentions that the interception range of the SPYDER-SR is 20 km instead of the 15 km and 50 km instead of 35 km for the SPYDER-MR. [37]

Citations

  1. 1 2 http://www.rafael.co.il/5616-687-en/Marketing.aspx
  2. ↑ "RAFAEL'S SPYDER Catches Its Prey". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 6 February 2005. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  3. ↑ "RAFAEL Introduce New Integrated Business Areas at DEFEXPO 04". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 22 January 2004. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  4. ↑ "DEFEXPO 2004, New Delhi, India". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 31 January 2006. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  5. ↑ "Asian Aerospace 2006". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 21 February 2006. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  6. ↑ "IDEB 2006 Bratislava, Slovak Republic". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 3 May 2006. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  7. ↑ "Eurosatory 2006, Paris France". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 12 June 2006. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  8. ↑ "AeroIndia 2007 - Bangalore, India". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 22 January 2007. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  9. ↑ "IDET 2007 - Brno, Czech Republic". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 2 May 2007. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  10. ↑ "IDEF 2007 - Ankara, Turkey". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 22 May 2007. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  11. ↑ "Paris Air Show 2007 - Le Bourget, France". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 18 June 2007. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  12. ↑ "MSPO 2007 - Kielce, Poland". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 3 September 2007. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  13. ↑ "Korean Aerospace and Defense Exhibition 2007 - Seoul, Korea". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 16 October 2007. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  14. ↑ "Expomil 2007 - Bucharest, Romania". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 18 October 2007. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  15. ↑ "Defexpo 2008 - New Delhi, India". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 16 February 2008. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  16. ↑ "Singapore Int'l Air Show - Singapore". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 19 February 2008. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  17. ↑ "FIDAE 2008 - Santiago, Chile". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 31 March 2008. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  18. ↑ "Multi-tiered Air Defense at LWC". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 19 October 2008. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  19. ↑ "Land Warfare Conference (LWC) - Brisbane, Australia 2008". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 28 October 2008. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  20. ↑ "Bangalore, India 11-15 February, 2009". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 11 February 2009. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  21. ↑ "Australian Air Show 2009 - Avalon, Australia". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 10 March 2009. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  22. ↑ "Paris Air-Show 2009". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 15 June 2009. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  23. ↑ "MSPO 2009, Kielce, Poland". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 31 August 2009. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  24. ↑ "Expomil, Romania, November 2009". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 11 November 2009. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  25. ↑ "Singapore Airshow 2010". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 2 February 2010. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  26. ↑ "Rafael at Defexpo 2010". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 15 February 2010. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  27. ↑ "FIDAE 2010". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 23 March 2010. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  28. ↑ "Eurosatory 2010". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 14 June 2010. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  29. ↑ "Aero India 2011". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 9 February 2011. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  30. ↑ "LAAD 2011 - Brazil". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 12 April 2011. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  31. ↑ "SITDEF 2011 - Peru". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 11 May 2011. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  32. ↑ "PARIS AIR SHOW 2011". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems. 20 June 2011. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  33. 1 2 "SPYDER-SR ADS". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd. Archived from the original on 8 January 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  34. ↑ "Medium Range 3D Tactical Air Defense Radar EL/M-2106 ATAR" (PDF). Israel Aerospace Industries. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 October 2014. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  35. ↑ "Multi–Mission Radar (MMR) Family - EL/M-2084" (PDF). Israel Aerospace Industries. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 August 2011.
  36. ↑ "SPYDER-MR ADS". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd. Archived from the original on 8 January 2013. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
  37. ↑ "Spyder-SR / MR – Short and Medium Range Mobile Air Defense Systems" (PDF). Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
  38. ↑ "Python-5 – Full Sphere IR Air-to-Air or Surface-to-Air Missile" (PDF). Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
  39. ↑ "Derby – Active Radar BVR Air-to-Air or Surface-to-Air Missile" (PDF). Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
  40. ↑ Frantzman, Seth (6 January 2023). "Rafael upgrades Spyder system to counter tactical ballistic missiles". Defense News. Archived from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
  41. 1 2 3 4 "SPYDER™ FAMILY". Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd. Archived from the original on 17 May 2022. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
  42. 1 2 3 Aminov, Said (21 August 2008). "Analysis: Georgia's Air Defence in the August War". Defence Web. Archived from the original on 30 December 2014. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  43. ↑ Cohen, Ariel; Hamilton, Robert E. (June 2011). The Russian Military and the Georgia War: Lessons and Implications (PDF). Stractegic Studies Institute. p. 40. ISBN   978-1-58487-491-1 . Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  44. 1 2 Barabanov, M.S.; Lavrov, A.V.; Tseluiko, V.A. (2010). The Tanks of August (PDF). Moscow: Centre of Analysis of Strategies and Technologies. pp. 20, 81. ISBN   978-5-9902320-1-3 . Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  45. ↑ Axe, David (26 February 2019). "Nuclear Nightmare: Are India and Pakistan on the Brink of War?". The National Interest. Archived from the original on 14 September 2023. Retrieved 27 February 2019.
  46. ↑ ANI (26 February 2019). "Israeli Spyder used to shoot down Pakistani drone in Gujarat". Business Standard India. Archived from the original on 14 September 2023. Retrieved 27 February 2019.
  47. ↑ Snehesh, Alex Philip (23 August 2019). "IAF probe confirms 27 February Budgam chopper crash was caused by friendly fire". ThePrint. The Print (India). Archived from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
  48. ↑ "Five IAF officers found guilty in Mi-17 V5 chopper crash in Srinagar on February 27". Times Now News. 23 August 2019. Archived from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
  49. ↑ "IAF chopper in Budgam crashed on Feb 27 after hit by Indian missile: Probe report". Indian Express. 23 August 2019. Archived from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
  50. ↑ "Azerbaijan Buys the M-346 as Caucasus Stand-off Continues". AIN Online News. 27 February 2020. Archived from the original on 1 June 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2021.
  51. ↑ Yaakov Lappin (27 September 2020). "Czech MoD selects Rafael's SPYDER air defence system". Janes.com. Archived from the original on 14 September 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2021.
  52. ↑ Gross, Judah Ari. "Czech Republic inks deal with Israel to buy air defense system". www.timesofisrael.com. Archived from the original on 14 September 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2021.
  53. ↑ Eyal Boguslavsky (30 September 2021). "Czech Republic to purchase four Rafael 'Spyder' air defense batteries". Israel Defense. Retrieved 5 October 2021.
  54. ↑ "Israel to deliver four Rafael-produced air defence systems to Czech MoD". www.airforce-technology.com. 5 October 2021. Archived from the original on 1 June 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2021.
  55. ↑ "Concerns mount in Egypt as Israel boosts ties with Ethiopia". Arab Weekly. 20 July 2019. Archived from the original on 1 June 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
  56. ↑ "Which Israeli firms are arming the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam?". Africa Intelligence. 5 July 2019.
  57. ↑ "Friction with Cairo over the Israel air defense system for Ethiopia's Great Nile dam". Debkafile. 8 July 2019. Archived from the original on 8 July 2019. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
  58. 1 2 3 "India Buys Israeli "SPYDER" Mobile Air Defense System". Defense Industry Daily. 19 August 2009. Archived from the original on 22 November 2020. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  59. ↑ Pandit, Rajat (18 August 2008). "IAF to add teeth with Israeli missile system". The Times Of India. Archived from the original on 26 January 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  60. ↑ "IAF orders Israeli Spyder Missile". India Strategic. September 2008. Archived from the original on 1 February 2009. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  61. ↑ "Army acquires anti-aircraft missiles". The Times of India. 18 August 2009. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  62. 1 2 3 4 "SIPRI arms transfer database". Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Retrieved 27 December 2014.
  63. ↑ Katz, Yaakov (23 August 2009). "India to buy Rafael's Spyder missile systems in $1 billion deal". The Jerusalem Post. Archived from the original on 30 December 2014. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  64. ↑ Adamowski, Jaroslaw (19 March 2012). "Rafael, Bumar, Northrop Win $140M Peru Contract". Defense News. Archived from the original on 29 December 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
  65. ↑ "Peru upgrades air defense with $140M plan". United Press International. 20 March 2012. Archived from the original on 1 June 2023. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
  66. ↑ "Peru's Next-Generation Air Defenses". Defense Industry Daily. 21 March 2012. Archived from the original on 29 December 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
  67. ↑ Ardiansyah, Yulian (27 September 2022). "PAF's SPYDER-MR ADS Arrives In the Philippines". Global Business Press. Archived from the original on 13 September 2023. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
  68. ↑ "Yearender: AFP ends 2022 with anti-air missile capability". Philippine News Agency. 30 December 2022. Archived from the original on 30 December 2022. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
  69. ↑ "Philippines receives first 2 batteries of SPYDER-MR air defense missile system, 2nd C-295W aircraft". Asia Pacific Defense Journal. Archived from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2022.
  70. ↑ "Ground Based Air Defense System (GBADS) Acquisition Project of the Philippine Air Force". Philippine Defense Resource. 1 March 2020. Archived from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 1 March 2020.
  71. ↑ "Detailing the SPYDER Air Defense System of the Philippine Air Force". Pitz Defense Analysis. 29 January 2023. Archived from the original on 25 March 2023. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
  72. ↑ "Philippine Air Force receives first Spyder air defense systems". Army Recognition. 27 September 2022. Archived from the original on 25 March 2023. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
  73. ↑ Tat, Ong Hong (17 June 2011). "No escape from the SPYDER". MINDEF. Retrieved 27 December 2014.
  74. ↑ Dominguez, Gabriel (9 July 2018). "RSAF's SPYDER air defence system attains full operational capability". Jane's Information Group. The Republic of Singapore Air Force's (RSAF's) SPYDER ground-based air defence system has achieved full operational capability (FOC), the Ministry of Defence (MINDEF) announced in a 4 July statement.
  75. ↑ "Vietnam has selected Israeli Rafael Spyder as new short-range air defense missile system" . Retrieved 5 October 2021.
  76. ↑ "Trade Registers". armstrade.sipri.org. Retrieved 5 July 2021.
  77. ↑ Cornwell, Alexander; Irish, John (23 September 2022). "Exclusive: Israel to sell air defence system to United Arab Emirates". Reuters. Archived from the original on 14 November 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
  78. ↑ Egozi, Arie (20 March 2023). "Morocco to buy Spyder air defence system from Rafael". Defense Industry Europe. Archived from the original on 1 June 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
  79. ↑ Defensa.com (24 November 2023). "Rumania se dotará de un sistema de defensa aérea por 3.850 millones - Noticias Defensa defensa.com OTAN y Europa". Defensa.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 November 2023.
  80. ↑ "Romania Launches $4.2 Billion Tender for Short- and Medium-range Air Defense Systems". Militarnyi. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.