Saraca declinata

Red saraca
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Order:	Fabales
Family:	Fabaceae
Subfamily:	Caesalpinioideae
Tribe:	Detarieae
Genus:	Saraca
Species:	S. declinata
Binomial name
	Saraca declinata; (Jack) Miq.
Synonyms
	Saraca cauliflora

Last updated February 20, 2019

Saraca declinata, the red saraca or sorrowless tree, is a tree in genus Saraca belonging to the legume family.

In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, supporting branches and leaves in most species. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are usable as lumber or plants above a specified height. Trees are not a taxonomic group but include a variety of plant species that have independently evolved a woody trunk and branches as a way to tower above other plants to compete for sunlight. Trees tend to be long-lived, some reaching several thousand years old. In wider definitions, the taller palms, tree ferns, bananas, and bamboos are also trees. Trees have been in existence for 370 million years. It is estimated that there are just over 3 trillion mature trees in the world.

Saraca L. is a genus in the family Fabaceae of about 20 plant species of trees native to the lands from India, China and Ceylon to Malaysia and Celebes.

The Fabaceae or Leguminosae, commonly known as the legume, pea, or bean family, are a large and economically important family of flowering plants. It includes trees, shrubs, and perennial or annual herbaceous plants, which are easily recognized by their fruit (legume) and their compound, stipulate leaves. Many legumes have characteristic flowers and fruits. The family is widely distributed, and is the third-largest land plant family in terms of number of species, behind only the Orchidaceae and Asteraceae, with about 751 genera and about 19,000 known species. The five largest of the genera are Astragalus, Acacia, Indigofera, Crotalaria and Mimosa, which constitute about a quarter of all legume species. The ca. 19,000 known legume species amount to about 7% of flowering plant species. Fabaceae is the most common family found in tropical rainforests and in dry forests in the Americas and Africa.

The species is found both in Thailand and Burma,^[1] and has been introduced in Ceylon.

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Saraca asoca is a plant belonging to the Caesalpinioideae subfamily of the legume family. It is an important tree in the cultural traditions of the Indian subcontinent and adjacent areas. It is sometimes incorrectly known as Saraca indica.

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Saraca celebica is a species of legume in the Fabaceae family. It is a tree found only in Sulawesi in Indonesia.

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Saraca indica, commonly known as asoka-tree, Ashok or simply Asoca, is a plant belonging to the Detarioideae subfamily of the Fabaceae family. The original plant specimen from which Carl Linnaeus described the species came from Java, but the name S. indica has been generally incorrectly applied to S. asoca since 1869. It can be distinguished from S. asoca by its non-clasping bracteoles, a lower number of ovules, slightly smaller pods, and a more eastern geographic distribution.

Saraca thaipingensis is a tree species native to southeast Asia in the Fabaceae family. It has yellow flowers, borne on old wood, and is grown as an ornamental for floral effect. Common names include Yellow Ashoka and Yellow Saraca.

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Saraca dives, is a tree species in genus Saraca belonging to the legume family, native to China, Laos, and Vietnam.

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Saraca griffithiana is a tree native to Yunnan Province of China and also to Burma (Myanmar). It is a forest tree sometimes attaining a height of 18 m. It can be distinguished from the related Saraca dives Pierre by its short bracts less than 5 mm long, and by its articulate pedioles.

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References

↑ Kress, W. John, DeFilipps, Robert A., Farr, Ellen, & Kyi, Daw Yin Yin. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs, and Climbers of Myanmar. Washington, D. C.: National Museum of Natural History.

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[1] Kress, W. John, DeFilipps, Robert A., Farr, Ellen, & Kyi, Daw Yin Yin. (2003). A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs, and Climbers of Myanmar. Washington, D. C.: National Museum of Natural History.