Calvitimela is a lichen genus in the family Tephromelataceae. Members of the family Tephromelataceae are crustose lichens with green photobionts and lecideine or lecanorine apothecia. The species in Calvitimela have lecideine apothecia, are saxicolous and are primarily found in alpine to arctic regions.
The Lecideaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Lecideales. It contains about 30 genera and roughly 250 species. A major distinguishing characteristic of the family is the lecanoroid form of the fruiting bodies: typically circular, dark, and without a thalline margin. Most species in the family are lichenised with green algae, although a few species, scattered amongst several genera, are lichenicolous—they live on other lichens. Lecideaceae lichens tend to grow on rocks, wood, and soil. Several Lecideaceae species accelerate the weathering of rock surfaces, a process known as pedogenesis, by extending their hyphae into cracks and expelling rock flakes. This contributes to significantly faster weathering rates in certain environments, impacts various materials from natural rocks to man-made Sekishu roof tiles, and involves key biomolecules identified for survival and biodeterioration, including compounds to withstand intense ultraviolet radiation.
Immersaria is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Lecideaceae. It has eight species of crustose lichens.
Paraporpidia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Lecideaceae. It has three species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) crustose lichens. The genus was circumscribed by Gerhard Rambold and M. Pietschmann in 1989, with Paraporpidia aboriginum assigned as the type species.
Schaereria is a genus of lichen-forming fungi. It is the sole genus in the family Schaereriaceae, which itself is the only family in the Schaereriales, an order in the subclass Ostropomycetidae of the class Lecanoromycetes. Most Schaereria species are crustose lichens that live on rocks. Schaereria was first proposed by Gustav Wilhelm Körber in 1855 and was later taken up by other lichenologists despite periods of disuse.
Helmut Mayrhofer is an Austrian lichenologist. He is known for his expertise on the lichen family Physciaceae and his studies of the lichen flora of the Balkan Peninsula, the Alps, and other regions.
Buellia magaliesbergensis is a species of crustose lichen in the family Caliciaceae. Found in South Africa, it was formally described as a new species in 2021 by lichenologists John Alan Elix and Helmut Mayrhofer. The type specimen was collected in the Magaliesberg Range at an altitude of 1,720 m (5,640 ft). Here, the saxicolous lichen was found growing on rocks on the ground. The species epithet refers to the type locality, the only location where the lichen has been documented. The results of standard chemical spot tests are thallus K+ (yellow), P+ (yellow-orange), and C−. Buellia magaliesbergensis contains norstictic acid as a major secondary chemical and connorstictic acid as a minor compound.
Geoffrey Charles Bratt was an Australian chemist and lichenologist.
Ramboldia blastidiata is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) and crustose lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2007 by lichenologists Gintaras Kantvilas and John Elix. The type specimen was collected by the first author from the western slopes of Strzelecki Peaks on Flinders Island (Tasmania) at an altitude of 150 m (490 ft); here, in dry sclerophyll forest, it was found growing on a granite boulder. The lichen forms pale grey-green, olive-green to dull olive-brown crust-like patches up to 30 cm (12 in) wide. The authors suggest that it is widespread in temperate Australia and Tasmania, but not commonly collected. Others saxicolous lichens that it usually grows with include Ramboldia petraeoides, Lecanora farinacea, Xanthoparmelia mougeotina, and species from the genera Buellia and Rhizocarpon. The specific epithet blastidiata refers to the presence of blastidia, which are vegetative propagules that contain mycobiont and photobiont and are produced by yeast-like budding.
Buellia dijiana is a species of terricolous (ground-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Caliciaceae. It is found in Australia.
Helocarpaceae is a family of lichen-forming fungi in the subclass Lecanoromycetidae. The family is monotypic, and contains the single genus Helocarpon.
Porina ocellatoides is a species of saxicolous, (rock-dwelling) crustose lichen in the family Trichotheliaceae. Found on Lord Howe Island, Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 1997 by lichenologist Patrick M. McCarthy. The type specimen was collected by the author on the track from Smoking Tree Ridge to Boat Harbour, where it was found growing on deeply shaded basalt. Its species epithet ocellatoides alludes to its resemblance to Porina ocellata.
Schaereria fuscocinerea is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Schaereriaceae. It was first formally described in 1852 by Finnish lichenologist William Nylander, as Lecidea fusco-cinerea. Georges Clauzade and Claude Roux transferred it to the genus Schaereria in 1985. The species has a cosmopolitan distribution and is found in both northern and southern hemispheres, where it grows on hard siliceous rocks, often in arctic and mountainous areas. Similar species include Lambiella gyrizans and L. mullensis, which can be distinguished from Schaereria fuscocinerea by microscopic and chemical characteristics.
Caloplaca bartlettii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Tasmania and New Zealand, where it grows on coastal rock outcrops.
Schaereria porpidioides is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Schaereriaceae. It is found in the Falkland Islands.
Caloplaca feuereri is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk, Ingvar Kärnefelt, and Arne Thell. The type specimen was collected from Flinders Island, the largest island in the Furneaux Group in the Bass Strait, northeast of Tasmania. Caloplaca feuereri is known to occur only in a few localities in the Bass Strait Islands and in Tasmania, where it grows on coastal siliceous rocks, including granite and dolomite. The species epithet honours German lichenologist Tassilo Feuerer.
Caloplaca johnwhinrayi is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk and Ingvar Kärnefelt. The type specimen was collected from West Sister Island in the Furneaux Group, where it was found growing on small rocks and outcrops, often alongside Caloplaca kantvilasii and C. jerammungupensis. The species epithet honours Australian botanist John Whinray, who collected the type in 1966. The lichen has been documented from Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania, but the authors suggest that it may be more widespread.
Schaereria serenior is a species of saxicolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Schaereriaceae. Found in Finland, it was first formally described as a new species by the Finnish lichenologist Edvard August Vainio, who classified it as a variety of the species Lecidea tenebrosa. Auguste-Marie Hue promoted it to distinct species status in 1913 as Lecidea serenior. Alexander Zahlbruckner proposed to transfer it to the genus Caloplaca in 1931. Most recently, Orvo Vitikainen transferred it to Schaereria in 2004, a few years after that genus had been resurrected from a long period of disuse. It is one of two species of Schaereria found in Finland; the other is S. parasemella.
Rhizocarpon exiguum is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Rhizocarpaceae. This Tasmanian species is characterised by its minimalistic appearance with very small apothecia and a thallus that is pale, sparse and areolate.
