Schleswig-Holstein Police (German: Landespolizei Schleswig-Holstein) is a state law-enforcement agency in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is subordinated to the Schleswig-Holstein Ministry of the Interior, Municipal Affairs, Housing and Sports.[2]
The Police in Schleswig-Holstein are responsible for averting dangers to public order and safety, and to aid and notify Authorities tasked with Public Safety if necessary, as well as to determine and investigatemisdemeanors.[3] Part of averting dangers to Public Safety is responding to Emergencies.[4][3] Furthermore, the Police must investigate Crime according to § 163 StPO.[5]
As per the Polizeiorganisationsgesetz of 2004 (Police organisation law), the Schleswig-Holstein State Police was reorganised into the Landespolizeiamt (State Office of the Police) and the Landeskriminalamt (State Office of Criminal Investigation).[15]
The Landeskriminalamt (commonly abbreviated as LKA) oversees operation of the Kriminalpolizei (Criminal Investigation Police) within Schleswig-Holstein and coordinates large-scale and high-profile criminal investigations.[16] It is divided into five Departments which are tasked with administrative duties, Investigation and Analysis, State security, Forensics and tactical Units.[16]
Each year, the Landeskriminalamt Schleswig-Holstein publishes crime statistics (Polizeiliche Kriminalstatistik) as well as a study on unreported criminal activity (Dunkelfeldstudie).[17]
The Landespolizeiamt deals with matters of human resources, administration, budget and acquisition of material. It is divided into a staff position and four sections. They are Police Management, IT-Management, Human Resource Management and Waterways Police.[19] The Landespolizeiamt is headed by the LandespolizeidirektorinDr. Marhen Freyher.[20]
Polizeidirektionen
The Landespolizeiamt supervises the eight Police Directorates (Polizeidirektionen) of Schleswig-Holstein.
A Patrol car used by the Schleswig-Holstein Police
Polizeidirektion Kiel
The Police Directorate Kiel is responsible for Kiel and the district of Plön.
Within the city of Kiel it is divided into four precincts, with additional Police stations subordinated to the 1st precinct in Kiel-Friederichsort, Kiel-Suchsdorf and Kiel-Wik, to the 3rd precinct in Kiel-Hassee and in Kiel-Mettenhof, as well as to the 4th precinct in Kiel-Dietrichsdorf and Kiel-Wellsee. The Polizeibezirksrevier (Police district precinct) and Criminal Investigation Police precinct (Bezirkskriminalinspektion) serves the Kiel area as well.[2]
The Police Directorate Lübeck is responsible for the City of Lübeck and the district of Ostholstein.[21]
Within the City of Lübeck, the Directorate is divided into four precincts, with additional Police stations subordinated to the 2nd precinct in Lübeck-Buntekuh, to the 3rd precinct in Lübeck-Kücknitz, Lübeck-Travemünde, Lübeck-Schlutup and Lübeck-Eichholz, and to the 4th precinct in Lübeck-Moisling, Lübeck-Blankensee, Lübeck-St. Jürgen and Lübeck-Hüxtertor.[21]
The Police Directorate also contains a Autobahnpolizei (Autobahn-Police precinct).[21]
The Criminal Investigation Police (Kriminalpolizei) is based in Lübeck with a Criminal Investigation Police precinct, onto which Departments of the Criminal Investigation Police (Kriminalinspektionen) in Bad Schwartau, Oldenburg, Neustadt and Eutin are subordinated.[21]
The City of Flensburg is divided into two precincts, with additional Police stations subordinated to the 2nd precinct in Flensburg-Mitte, Flensburg-Mürwik, Flensburg-Engelsby, Flensburg-Nord, Flensburg-Friesischer Berg, Flensburg-Weiche, Harrislee, Handewitt, Glücksburg, Schafflund and Husby.[22]
The criminal Investigation Police are based out of Flensburg with a Precinct. There are additional Criminal Investigation Police Stations in Husum, Schleswig, Sylt and Niebüll.
Within the city of Neumünster it is divided into two precincts, with additional Police stations subordinated to the 2nd precinct in Neumünster-Faldera, Neumünster-Einfeld, Neumünster-Tungendorf, Neumünster-Mitte, Neumünster-Wittdorf, Neumünster-Gadeland and Neumünster-West. Furthermore, there is a station at the Neumünster refugee accommodation (Landesunterkunft Neumünster) and a specialized traffic collision unit. Additionally, based in Neumünster is a Autobahnpolizei (Autobahn-Police) and the Verkehrsüberwachungsdienst (Traffic surveillance unit), specialized on the repression and prevention of road rage.[23][24]
The Police Directorate also contains a Autobahnpolizei (Autobahn-Police precinct) and a Department of the Criminal Investigation Police (Kriminalinspektion).[23]
Polizeidirektion Itzehoe
The Police Directorate Itzehoe is responsible for the districts of Steinburg and Ditmarsh.[25]
The Criminal Investigation Police (Kriminalpolizei) is based in Itzehoe with a Criminal Investigation Police precinct, onto which a Department of the Criminal Investigation Police (Kriminalinspektion) in Heide is subordinated.
The Criminal Investigation Police (Kriminalpolizei) is based in Bad Oldesloe with a Criminal Investigation Police precinct, onto which Departments of the Criminal Investigation Police (Kriminalinspektionen) in Ahrensburg, Reinbek, Ratzeburg and Geesthacht are subordinated.[27]
Polizeidirektion für Aus- und Fortbildung und die Bereitschaftspolizei
The Polizeidrektion für Aus- und Fortbildung und die Bereitschaftspolizei is a Police Directorate based in Eutin. Its function within the Schleswig-Holstein State Police is to provide training to both aspiring and experienced Police officers. The Schleswig-Holstein riot Police (Bereitschaftspolizei) is also subordinated to the Directorate.[28]
Wasserschutzpolizei
Patrolboat "Sylt"
The Waterways Police (Wasserschutzpolizei) is directly subordinated to the Landespolizeiamt and isn't part of a Police Directorate. Additionally to the German national waters on the Schleswig-Holstein coast, the Waterways Police also patrols the Kiel Canal.[29]
The ranking-system of the Schleswig-Holstein State Police is divided into three levels: the junior level, Laufbahngruppe 1.2, formerly known as mittlerer Dienst, the senior level, Laufbahngruppe 2.1, formerly known as gehobener Dienst, and the command level, Laufbahngruppe 2.2, formerly known as höherer Dienst. Uniformed officers, such as those of the Schutzpolizei visibly wear their rank. Officers of the Criminal Investigation Police do not wear Uniforms, thus there are no Insignias designed for them. Within the ranking system, their titles differ from those of the Schutzpolizei, as the prefix Polizei- is changed to Kriminal-. For example: The equivalent to a Polizeioberkommissar would be a Kriminaloberkommissar.
Insignias of a Leitender Polizeidirektor as Head of Department
Landespolizeidirektorin
Insignia of the Landespolizeidirektor
Training
The Schleswig-Holstein State Police ranks are divided into three levels, into which applicants may enter after completing the rank-specific selection process: The Laufbahngruppe 1.2, formerly known as mittlerer Dienst, the lowest of the three rank-levels, and the Laufbahngruppe 2.1, formerly known as gehobener Dienst. Entering the Criminal Investigation Police-Branch is only possible for applicants of Laufbahngruppe 2.1 (gehobener Dienst).[32][33]
Aspiring Police Officers of Laufbahngruppe 1.2 (mittlerer Dienst) bear the title of Polizeiobermeisteranwärter during one and a half year of training at the Polizeidirektion für Aus- und Fortbildung und die Bereitschaftspolizei and a year of training on the job at a Police precinct or station in Schleswig-Holstein. After said training, they are promoted to the rank of Polizeiobermeister.[32]
Aspiring Police Officers of Laufbahngruppe 2.1 (gehobener Dienst) bear the title of Polizeikommissaranwärter, or Kriminalkommissaranwärter during half a year of training at the Polizeidirektion für Aus- und Fortbildung und die Bereitschaftspolizei and half a year of training on the job at a Police precinct or station in Schleswig-Holstein. The bulk of the training is however made up by two years of studying at the Fachhochschule für Verwaltung und Diensleistung in Altenholz, where Polizeikommissaranwärter receive theoretical training through university education. During training, Polizeikommissaranwärter have to obtain a bachelor's degree. After three years of training, the Aspiring Police officers are promoted to the rank of Kriminal- or Polizeikommissar.[33]
History
In accordance with Ordinance No. 46 by the British Military Government, the State of Schleswig-Holstein replaced the Province of Schleswig-Holstein on 23 August 1946.[34]Ordinance No. 57 furthermore gave legislative power to the Landtag of Schleswig-Holstein.[34] However, legislation referring to the Police still had to be within the framework of Ordinance No. 135, which listed requirements for legislation related to the Police.[34] On 25 January 1946 the British Military Governor of Schleswig-Holstein approved an Ordinance pertaining to the Reorganisation of the Police in Schleswig-Holstein, the Landtag passed a law subordinating the Landespolizei to the State Government, retroactive from 1 January 1947 on 4 January 1947.[34] The Landespolizei was subordinated to the Ministry of the Interior, which appointed high-ranking Police officers, such as the Department Head, the Landespolizeidirektor.[34]
Training of new Police Officers had begun back in 1946 at Eckernförde-Carlshöhe, on Premises formerly used by the Kriegsmarine.[35][34] The founding of the Landespolizei in 1947 lead to the integration of the Training facility into the structure of the Police.[34] In 1948, Training was reorganized to be conducted in three detachments of 100 Trainees.[34]
Since 1 September 1957 the Landespolizei's Training facilities are located in Eutin.[34]
Legislation passed on 18 April 1967 further clarified the responsibilities of the Police in Schleswig-Holstein: According to § 168 LVwG (Version passed on 18 April 1967[42]) those responsibilities are to detect and to avert dangers to Public Order and Safety, and to aid and notify Authorities tasked with Public Safety if necessary, as well as to determine and investigatemisdemeanors.[42] (Grounds for the investigation of crimes stem from § 163 StPO[5])
Uniform as used in Schleswig-Holstein
The Polizeiorganisationsgesetz of 1968 (Police organisation law) reformed the Police in Schleswig-Holstein once again.[43] It created four Police Directorates (Polizeidrektionen); Polizeidirektion Mitte, with Headquarters in Kiel, Polizeidirektion Nord, with Headquarters in Flensburg, Polizeidirektion West, with Headquarters in Itzehoe, and Polizeidirektion South, with Headquarters in Lübeck.[34] The Waterways Police formed a separate Police Directorate.
In 1973, the Schleswig-Holstein Police introduced a green-beige Uniform by Designer Heinz Oestergaard, which was in use Nationwide.[44]
A Reform of the Polizeiorganisationsgesetz of 1968 in 1994 created an additional independent Traffic Policing Directorate (Verkehrspolizeidirektionen) and the Polizeidirektion für Aus- und Fortbildung und die Bereitschaftspolizei.[46] It also reorganized the Police Directorates into eight Directorates. A Directorate in Kiel, responsible for Kiel and the District of Plön, a Directorate in Flensburg, responsible for Flensburg and the District of Schleswig-Flensburg, a Directorate in Husum, responsible for the District of Northern Frisia, a Directorate in Itzehoe, responsible for the Districts of Steinburg and Ditmarsh, a Directorate in Bad Segeberg, responsible for the Districts of Segeberg and Pinneberg, a Directorate in Lübeck, responsible for Lübeck and the District of Ostholstein, and a Directorate in Ratzeburg, responsible for the Districts of Duchy of Lauenburg and Stormarn.[46] The Directorate of the Waterways Police was dissolved, with the Waterways Police being directly subordinated to the Landespolizeiamt.[46]
The Polizeiorganisationsgesetz of 2004 created the current structure of the Schleswig-Holstein Police.[15](See also: Organisation) The latest changes to the Polizeiorganisationsgesetz have been made in 2013, which merged the Police Directorate in Husum into the Police Directorate in Flensburg.[47]
Rendsburg-Eckernförde is a district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is bounded by the city of Kiel, the district of Plön, the city of Neumünster, the districts of Segeberg, Steinburg, Dithmarschen and Schleswig-Flensburg, and the Baltic Sea.
Ostholstein is a district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is bounded by the districts of Stormarn, Segeberg and Plön, the Baltic Sea and the city of Lübeck. Geographically, the district covers the vast majority of what is considered to be the peninsular of Wagria.
Neumünster is a city in the middle of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. With more than 79,000 registered inhabitants, it is the fourth-largest municipality in Schleswig-Holstein. The Holstenhallen and the Stadthalle make the city an important trade fair location.
Landespolizei is a term used to refer to the state police of any of the states of Germany.
The Wasserschutzpolizei is the river police that patrols the waterways, lakes and harbours of Germany around the clock. The WSP are part of the Landespolizei. The Federal Police maintains 16 patrol craft and helicopters are part of the Coast Guard and assigned to coastal BPOL stations. The watercraft include six offshore patrol vessels, e.g. those of the Bad Bramstedt class, as well as a number of fast inshore vessels and one tugboat.
Saarland Police is a state law-enforcement agency in Saarland, Germany. It is subordinated to the Saar Ministry of the Interior, Urban Development and Sports.
Jörg Ziercke served as the chief commissioner of the Federal Criminal Police Office of Germany (Bundeskriminalamt) from 2004 to 2014.
The Oberliga Schleswig-Holstein, formerly referred to as Schleswig-Holstein-Liga, is the fifth tier of the German football league system and the highest league in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein. It is one of fourteen Oberligas in German football.
The politics of Schleswig-Holstein takes place within a framework of a federal parliamentary representative democratic republic, where the Federal Government of Germany exercises sovereign rights with certain powers reserved to the states of Germany including Schleswig-Holstein. The state has a multi-party system.
The Hamburg-Altona–Kiel railway is one of the most important main line railways of the states of Schleswig-Holstein and Hamburg in Northern Germany. The line runs through the region of Holstein and connects the cities of Hamburg, Elmshorn, Neumünster and Kiel. The 105 km (65 mi) long standard gauge double track electrified railway line is now owned by DB Netz.
The Altona-Kiel Railway Company was a joint-stock company, established under the law of Denmark in personal union with the Duchy of Holstein, that built and operated an 105 km railway line between Altona and the Baltic Sea port city of Kiel. Altona was at that time the second largest city under Danish rule and the railway line was the first built in Danish-controlled territory.
The Kiel–Lübeck railway is a non-electrified, mostly single-track railway line in eastern Schleswig-Holstein in north Germany. It links Kiel and Lübeck, the only two large cities in the state. Passenger services on the 81-kilometre route are currently (2010) operated by DB Regio.
The Husum–Kiel railway is a main line railway in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein. While the central section of the line, which is shared with the Neumünster–Flensburg line, has two tracks and is electrified, its western and eastern sections are single track and are not electrified. It connects the cities of Husum and Kiel via Rendsburg and serves as an important east-west rail axis between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea.
Neumünster station is the main railway station of the town of Neumünster in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein. It is at the junction of lines to Flensburg, Heide, Hamburg-Altona, Kiel, Bad Oldesloe, Kaltenkirchen and until 1985 Ascheberg. It is currently operated by Deutsche Bahn, which classifies it as a category 2 station.
The Neumünster–Ascheberg railway runs from the mid Holstein city of Neumünster east to Ascheberg (Holstein) near Plön in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein. The 26 kilometre line is currently closed, although there is a campaign to reopen it.
Patrick Breyer is a German digital rights activist, jurist, Pirate Party Germany politician, and – since 2019 – Member of the European Parliament (MEP). From 2012 to 2017 he was a member of the state parliament of Schleswig-Holstein and from April 2016 until the end of the legislative period he was also the leader of the Pirate group in that assembly. Breyer is one of four European Pirate Party MEPs in the 2019–2024 term along with three Czech Pirate Party members, all of whom are members of the Greens / EFA parliamentary group.
Claus Christian Claussen is a German lawyer, notary and politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU).
Like other areas under Nazi Germany, Jews were persecuted in the northernmost German state Schleswig-Holstein. Before the Nazis came to power in 1933, an estimated 1,900 Jews lived in Schleswig-Holstein, mostly in Lübeck and Kiel. By the time of Nazi Germany's defeat in 1945, many of Schleswig-Holstein's Jews had been murdered in the Holocaust.
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Schleswig-Holstein, Germany 
