Scrat

Last updated

Scrat
Ice Age character
Scrat Ice Age.png
First appearance Ice Age (2002)
Last appearanceThe End (2022)
Voiced byChris Wedge
In-universe information
SpeciesSaber tooth squirrel (fictitious)
GenderMale
FamilyBaby Scrat (adopted son)
Significant other Scratte
EyesGold
FurYellowish-brown and gray with white underbelly

Scrat is a fictional character in the Ice Age franchise. He is a saber-toothed squirrel who is obsessed with collecting acorns, constantly putting his life in danger to obtain and defend them. Scrat's storylines are mostly independent of those of the Herd, though the two do intersect at times.

Contents

Scrat is voiced in all Ice Age feature films and short films by director Chris Wedge, only directly interacting with the story's main characters on eight occasions, mostly with Sid. In a special feature in the second film's DVD, his name has been stated to be a mix of the words "squirrel" and "rat", his species allegedly believed to have been a common ancestor of both. In the Ice Age DVD commentary, he is referred to as "The Scrat" by directors Wedge and Carlos Saldanha.

The character served as the mascot to his co-animation studio, Blue Sky Studios, until its closure in 2021.

Concept and creation

Chris Wedge, the voice of Scrat, director of Ice Age and co-founder of Blue Sky Studios. Chris Wedge 2014.jpg
Chris Wedge, the voice of Scrat, director of Ice Age and co-founder of Blue Sky Studios.

The true origin of Scrat's design is unclear. Initially, Chris Wedge claimed that the character was created by illustrator Peter de Sève in late 1999 while crafting a clay model, and that the name emerged naturally from the hybrid of squirrel and rat. However, in 2009, screenwriter Michael J. Wilson stated a conflicting claim that his 3-year-old daughter Flora came up with the idea for Scrat, as well as the name itself. [1]

Furthermore, fashion designer Ivy Supersonic has claimed that she had initially created a character in 1999, then called "Sqrat", and the idea was stolen from her by 20th Century Fox rather than pay her royalties. Internal documents showed that within Blue Sky Studios, the character's name was changed from "Sqrat" to "Scrat". She ultimately settled with Disney, which had purchased Blue Sky Studios, for the "Sqrat" trademark, but failed to stop Scrat from appearing in future Disney works despite the names being phonetically equivalent. [1] The copyright to "Scrat" was granted to Fox. [2]

In Ice Age: Scrat Tales, during the interview, Michael Knapp added that as a result, they had to remodel Scrat by re-furring, re-materializing and re-rigging the character. [3] He was portrayed by Chris Wedge. [4]

Fictional character biography

Ice Age

In the first film, Scrat first attacks Sid when the latter tries to eat his acorn, successfully regaining it. He later meets Manny, Sid, and Diego with a human baby Roshan. Manny asks Scrat where the baby's family is and Scrat attempts to tell them about nearby saber-toothed tigers, but Diego kicks Scrat away before he could do so.

Ice Age: The Meltdown

In the second film, after Scrat creates a hole in the valley and released all the melted ice, later attacks Sid for saving his life (when he had already almost died and gone to paradise and was about to get a giant acorn).

Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs

In the third film, Scrat is stepped on by Manny and falls onto Sid's head while chasing an acorn. Next, he appears when Sid's "children" are batting a ball around, the ball actually being Scrat. Also, when Scratte rips off his fur, he screams so loud the herd can hear him, causing Crash and Eddie to deem the place a "Jungle of Misery". Lastly, while Diego is sleeping, he wakes up when he gets hit with Scrat's acorn.

Ice Age: Continental Drift

In the fourth film, Scrat is taken hostage by Captain Gutt and his crew at the same time as Manny, Sid and Diego, eventually escaping once the ship sinks. Sid pries open a clam, he finds Scrat inside. Granny mistakes Scrat for a rat and continuously hits him with her cane until he falls into the ocean.

Ice Age: Collision Course

In the fifth film, Scrat accidentally launches several deadly meteors to Earth after an attempt to bury an acorn leads to him taking control of a UFO.

Short films

Scrat is the main character in four short films. In the first, Gone Nutty , he loses his collection of acorns in a catastrophic chain of events. He jams an acorn into a hole in the middle of the collection, which shatters the pile and with it the entire continent – which begins the continental drift.[ citation needed ] In the second film, No Time for Nuts , Scrat finds a time machine left by a time-traveler and visits several historical events. He becomes trapped in a frightening future when oak trees have become extinct but somehow manages to return to the series' time period.[ citation needed ]

A third short film, Scrat's Continental Crack-up , was released in 2010 accompanying the feature Gulliver's Travels , and later with the animated feature film Rio as a promotion for Ice Age: Continental Drift. [5]

A fourth short film, Cosmic Scrat-tastrophe , was released in 2015, preceding the theatrical release of The Peanuts Movie .[ citation needed ] Another short film, Scrat: Spaced Out was released in 2016 on home media with Ice Age: Collision Course .[ citation needed ]

Scrat Tales

Ice Age: Scrat Tales was initially announced when a plush toy of Scrat's son was unveiled on Just Play Products' website. The listing was retitled with The Ice Age Adventures of Buck Wild to promote the new spin-off film. [6] On February 22, 2022, it was announced that the Scrat Tales would release on Disney+ on April 13, 2022. [7]

Other appearances

Scrat appears as the main character in the console versions of Ice Age: The Meltdown video game. He is also a playable character in Ice Age: Scrat's Nutty Adventure .[ citation needed ]

Starting with the 2013 film Epic , Scrat would become the mascot of Blue Sky Studios and was featured in their production logo up until the studio's final film Spies in Disguise .[ citation needed ]

Scrat makes a cameo appearance in the Family Guy episode "Sibling Rivalry", in a cutaway gag in which Peter Griffin says Scrat's nuts are his, leading Scrat to attack Peter.[ citation needed ] Scrat additionally has a cameo appearance in Surviving Sid .[ citation needed ]

Scrat appears on a poster in the South Park episode, "Cartoon Wars Part II".

Scrat makes a cameo appearance in The Simpsons episode "Eternal Moonshine of the Simpson Mind", in which he tries to catch an acorn from a tree, but is beaten and swatted away by Groundskeeper Willie. He also appears in the episode "Treehouse of Horror XXVI".

A picture of Scrat appears on an ice cream container inside Chip's fridge in the Disney 2022 film Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers .

Scrat was on Cartoon Network's parody series called Mad , in the skits "Extreme Renovation: House Edition", "Captain American't", "Outtagascar", and "MAD of Steel".

In 2024 Scrat was added in the video game Disney Magic Kingdoms as a playable character to unlock for a limited time. [8]

The End

On April 13, 2022—the same day that Scrat Tales was released—a 35-second long video titled "The End" was posted on YouTube by a user simply named "Finale". This short ended the infamous running gag with Scrat finally achieving his dream of eating an acorn. He then scurries off-screen. The short was reportedly the final piece of animation made by Blue Sky Studios before their closure in 2021, made by a small team of animators to serve as "a send off on [their] own terms." The video is currently unlisted. [9] [10]

Relationships

Acorns

Scrat constantly hunts for acorns, but fate always gets in the way. He invariably ends up in humorous or painful situations: being struck by lightning, pursued by avalanches, and repeatedly knocked unconscious while fighting for his acorn, yet he never gives up. The consequences of his actions have set up the main plot points for most of the Ice Age films.

Scratte

Scratte (pronounced "Scrat-tay") is a female saber-toothed flying squirrel that makes her debut in Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs . She is voiced by Karen Disher.

After their first meeting, she begins battling Scrat for an acorn, often with success. Scratte's personality traits have been shown to be flirtatious, feisty, and intelligent. She is equally determined in obtaining the acorn and uses her feminine wiles to her advantage. She doesn't, however, seem to be nearly as obsessed with acorns as her male counterpart, as she is shown trying to destroy the acorn at the end of the film out of jealousy. Scratte often injures and manipulates Scrat in the process of retrieving it. However, her attraction to him is implied and fully emerges when he saves her from falling into lava. However, Scrat ultimately chooses the acorn over her, causing a fight which leads to him losing both the acorn and Scratte.

In the fourth film, Scratte appears again in a cameo role as a Siren only to then be dismissed by a disinterested Scrat. In addition, many of her species live on Scratlantis. [11]

Baby Scrat

Baby Scrat is a small, neckless brown squirrel that makes his debut in Ice Age: Scrat Tales. He bonds with Scrat, but the acorn often ruins the moment. [7] He is voiced by Kari Wahlgren. [4]

Reception

The Secret Life of Movies rated Scrat as one of the most popular Ice Age characters. [12]

Drew Friday cited Scrat as the reason for the success of the Ice Age films, praising the Looney Tunes-esque scenes. However, he criticized the filmmakers making Scrat into a endless comedy joke. He commented negatively on the conclusion to the Scrat and Scratte subplot in the third film, of which he said "played for laughs but comes across as mean-spirted. 'Scrat abandons his desires for love, and for a time he is happy and unpunished. But the pull of the acorn proves too much for him to resist, and he turns his back on love. And he is punished", arguing that it is made more frustrating by the fact that Scratte never made another appearance in the series: "Cut the final few minutes from 'Dawn of the dinosaurs' and imagine what a finale that would have been!" [13]

Legacy

While initially created as a fictional species for comedic purposes, in 2011 mammal skulls superficially similar to Scrat were discovered. The newly described taxon, Cronopio dentiacutus, was not a squirrel, and did not live in the Cenozoic; it belonged to the Meridiolestida, a group of mammals thought to be closely related to therians, and it lived approximately 100 million years ago during the mid-Cretaceous in Patagonia. [14]

In 2019, the Triassic cynodont Pseudotherium argentines (which lived 231 million years ago) was identified, catching attention for its similarity to Scrat. [15]

Controversy

On February 13, 2002, Ivy Supersonic filed a lawsuit against Fox, claiming that she had created the character in May 1999, after seeing a squirrel-rat hybrid in Skidmore College's Case Green, and intended it to be "the next Mickey Mouse". She called her character "Sqrat" and pitched it to numerous celebrities and studios from 1999 to 2001, although she was unwilling to accept the $50,000 deal she was offered by Urban Box Office Network for a web series, believing the character to be worth "seven figures". She passed on any subsequent potential deals to use the character, until realizing in November 2001 that the 2002 film Ice Age had a similar character named Scrat, and believed the studio had stolen her idea. [1]

A CNN report by Jeanne Moos of Ivy's discovery was aired in 2000, two years before Ice Age was released. Supersonic claims the studio's own documents actually identified the character in Ice Age as "Sqrat", though her creation was not saber-toothed. [1] Internal Blue Sky Studios emails obtained by Business Insider support her claims, showing that the name "Sqrat" was "all over the computer files" for the movie until the character's name was changed partway through development, and that a technical director had argued that the name should remain "Sqrat". [1]

Supersonic was offered a $300,000 settlement by Fox. She turned it down and subsequently lost in court. The case later went to appeal (Case # 04401 Court of Appeals, Second Circuit, NYC). Supersonic still had hopes of receiving damages for her claimed infringement. [1] She did win a partial summary judgment from the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board in a reverse suit, Fox Entertainment Group, Inc. and Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation v. Ivy Silberstein (her real name), in which Fox had tried to prevent her from registering the trademark "SQRAT". [16]

In 2022, the absence of the character from The Ice Age Adventures of Buck Wild sparked rumors that Disney had completely lost the trademark dispute, [17] [18] with critics unhappy about Scrat's omission from the film. [19] [20] This was later shown not to be the case, as Scrat Tales was released in 2022 directly featuring the character. [7]

See also

Related Research Articles

Blue Sky Studios, Inc. was an American visual effects and computer animation studio based in Greenwich, Connecticut. It was founded on February 22, 1987 by Chris Wedge, Michael Ferraro, Carl Ludwig, Alison Brown, David Brown, and Eugene Troubetzkoy after their employer, MAGI, one of the visual effects studios behind Tron, shut down. Using its in-house rendering software, the studio created visual effects for commercials and films before dedicating itself to animated film production. It produced 13 feature films, the first being Ice Age, released in 2002 by 20th Century Fox, and the final one being Spies in Disguise, released in 2019.

<i>Gone Nutty</i> 2002 film

Gone Nutty is a 2002 American animated short film directed by Carlos Saldanha for Blue Sky Studios. The short features the character Scrat from Ice Age, who is yet again having troubles with collecting his beloved acorn. It was debuted on November 26, 2002 on the Ice Age DVD and VHS. This film was shown in theaters with Garfield: The Movie in 2004. The film was nominated for the 2003 Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film.

<i>Ice Age: The Meltdown</i> 2006 American animated film

Ice Age: The Meltdown is a 2006 American animated adventure comedy film produced by Blue Sky Studios and distributed by 20th Century Fox. It is the sequel to Ice Age (2002) and the second installment in the Ice Age film series. The film was directed by Carlos Saldanha from a screenplay written by Peter Gaulke, Gerry Swallow, and Jim Hecht, and a story by Gaulke and Swallow. Ray Romano, John Leguizamo, Denis Leary, and Chris Wedge reprise their roles from the first Ice Age film, with newcomers Seann William Scott, Josh Peck, and Queen Latifah joining the cast. In the film, Manny, Sid, and Diego attempt to escape an impending flood, during which Manny finds love.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chris Wedge</span> American filmmaker (born 1957)

John Christian Wedge is an American filmmaker, animator, and voice actor. He is best known for directing the films Ice Age (2002), Robots (2005), Epic (2013), and Monster Trucks (2016). He also wrote and directed the short film Bunny (1998), where he won the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film. Wedge co-founded the now-defunct animation studio Blue Sky Studios and has voiced the character Scrat in the Ice Age franchise since the year of 2002.

<i>Ice Age 2: The Meltdown</i> (video game) 2006 video game

Ice Age 2: The Meltdown is a 2006 video game published by Vivendi Universal Games. It is based on the film of the same name. Unlike its Game Boy Advance-exclusive predecessor, Ice Age, Meltdown was a multiplatform release, available on Microsoft Windows, all major sixth-generation platforms and both seventh-generation Nintendo platforms, with the Wii port being a launch title in Europe.

<i>No Time for Nuts</i> 2006 film

No Time for Nuts is a 2006 American animated short film from Blue Sky Studios, starring Scrat from Ice Age. Directed by Chris Renaud and Mike Thurmeier, it was debuted on November 21, 2006, on the DVD and Blu-ray release of Ice Age: The Meltdown. It follows Scrat on a pursuit after his acorn, which accidentally sends forward in time by a frozen time machine. No Time for Nuts was nominated for the 2007 Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film, and also won an Annie Award.

Ivy Supersonic is a New York City fashion designer, self-promoter, event planner, and animated character designer. She is the daughter of Jerome Silberstein, founder of Silberstein, Awad & Miklos. She also paints under her birth name.

<i>Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs</i> 2009 American animated film

Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs is a 2009 American animated adventure comedy film produced by Blue Sky Studios and distributed by 20th Century Fox. It is the sequel to Ice Age: The Meltdown (2006) and the third installment in the Ice Age film series. It was directed by Carlos Saldanha and co-directed by Mike Thurmeier, from a screenplay written by Michael Berg, Peter Ackerman, Mike Reiss, and Yoni Brenner, based on a story conceived by Jason Carter Eaton. Ray Romano, John Leguizamo, Denis Leary, and Chris Wedge reprise their roles from the first two films and Seann William Scott, Josh Peck, and Queen Latifah reprise their roles from The Meltdown, with Simon Pegg joining them in the role of a weasel named Buck. The story has Manny and Ellie preparing for their baby. Sid the Sloth is kidnapped by a female Tyrannosaurus after stealing her eggs, leading the rest of the herd to rescue him in a tropical lost world inhabited by dinosaurs underneath the ice.

<i>Ice Age</i> (franchise) American multimedia franchise

Ice Age is an American media franchise centering on a group of mammals surviving the Pleistocene ice age. It consists of computer-animated films, short films, TV specials and a series of video games. The first five films were produced by Blue Sky Studios and distributed by its then parent company 20th Century Fox. The series features the voices of Ray Romano, John Leguizamo, Denis Leary and Chris Wedge, who were the only constant cast members for the original films.

<i>Ice Age: Continental Drift</i> 2012 American animated film

Ice Age: Continental Drift is a 2012 American animated adventure comedy film produced by Blue Sky Studios and distributed by 20th Century Fox. It is the sequel to the 2009 film Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs and the fourth installment in the Ice Age film series. The film was directed by Steve Martino and Michael Thurmeier from a screenplay written by Michael Berg and Jason Fuchs, based on a story conceived by Berg and co-producer Lori Forte. Ray Romano, John Leguizamo, Denis Leary, Seann William Scott, Josh Peck, Queen Latifah, and Chris Wedge reprise their roles from previous films, with Peter Dinklage, Jennifer Lopez, Drake, and Nicki Minaj voicing new characters. The plot focuses on Scrat mistakenly sending Manny, Sid, and Diego adrift on an iceberg with Sid's Granny and causing them to face a gang of pirates led by Captain Gutt on Earth.

<i>Ice Age</i> (2002 film) 2002 animated film directed by Chris Wedge

Ice Age is a 2002 American animated adventure comedy film produced by Blue Sky Studios and distributed by 20th Century Fox. The film was directed by Chris Wedge and co-directed by Carlos Saldanha from a screenplay by Michael Berg, Michael J. Wilson, and Peter Ackerman, based on a story by Wilson. It features the voices of Ray Romano, John Leguizamo, Denis Leary, Goran Višnjić, and Jack Black. Set during the days of the Pleistocene ice age, the film centers around three main characters—Manny (Romano), a no-nonsense woolly mammoth; Sid (Leguizamo), a loudmouthed ground sloth; and Diego (Leary), a sardonic saber-toothed tiger—who come across a human baby and work together to return it to its tribe. Additionally, the film occasionally follows Scrat, a speechless "saber-toothed squirrel" (Wedge), who is perpetually searching for a place in the ground to bury his acorn.

<i>Ice Age: A Mammoth Christmas</i> 2011 animated TV special

Ice Age: A Mammoth Christmas is a 2011 animated television special and part of the Ice Age franchise, produced by Blue Sky Studios and directed by Karen Disher. It premiered on November 24, 2011 on Fox in the United States and in the United Kingdom at Christmas on Channel 4 and E4 and it was released 2 days later to DVD and Blu-ray. This Christmas special takes place between Dawn of the Dinosaurs and Continental Drift.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Karen Disher</span> American actress

Karen Beth Disher is an American film director and storyboard artist. Disher is best known for her work at MTV Animation, where she was the chief character designer and supervising director for the animated series Daria (1997–2002) following her previous work as a layout artist for Beavis and Butt-Head (1993–1997).

<i>Ice Age: Collision Course</i> 2016 American animated comedy film

Ice Age: Collision Course is a 2016 American animated adventure comedy film produced by Blue Sky Studios and distributed by 20th Century Fox. It is the sequel to the 2012 film Ice Age: Continental Drift and the fifth installment in the Ice Age film series. The film was directed by Michael Thurmeier and co-directed by Galen T. Chu, from a screenplay written by Michael Wilson, Michael Berg, and Yoni Brenner, based on a story conceived by Aubrey Solomon. Ray Romano, John Leguizamo, Denis Leary, Keke Palmer, Josh Peck, Simon Pegg, Seann William Scott, Jennifer Lopez and Queen Latifah reprise their roles from previous films, with Adam DeVine, Jesse Tyler Ferguson, Max Greenfield, Jessie J and Nick Offerman voicing new characters. In the film, after Scrat is propelled into outer space in an abandoned spaceship during an attempt to bury his acorn and accidentally sends a giant asteroid towards Earth, Manny, the Herd and Buck must go on a life-or-death mission to find a way to fend it off.

<i>Ice Age: The Great Egg-Scapade</i> 2016 animated TV special

Ice Age: The Great Egg-Scapade is a 2016 animated television special, produced by Blue Sky Studios and directed by Ricardo Curtis. It premiered on Fox during the Easter season. Most of the actors reprise their roles from the previous installments except Aziz Ansari, whose role as Squint was replaced by Seth Green. This Easter special takes place between Continental Drift and Collision Course.

<i>Ice Age: Scrats Nutty Adventure</i> 2019 video game

Ice Age: Scrat's Nutty Adventure is a 2019 action-adventure game developed by Just Add Water and Climax Studios, published by Outright Games. It originally released for PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Nintendo Switch, Xbox One, and Windows, with a Google Stadia port in 2021. It is based on the Ice Age franchise by 20th Century Fox and Blue Sky Studios, and was the first video game in the series to be released following Disney's 2019 acquisition of 21st Century Fox. The game focuses on Scrat, who has to complete obstacles, puzzles and beating some old foes in an attempt to retrieve The Acorn.

<i>The Ice Age Adventures of Buck Wild</i> 2022 film by John C. Donkin

The Ice Age Adventures of Buck Wild is a 2022 animated adventure comedy film directed by John C. Donkin, in his feature directorial debut, with a screenplay by Jim Hecht, Ray DeLaurentis, and William Schifrin. It is a spin-off film of the Ice Age franchise, and serves as the sixth overall installment in the franchise. The film stars the voices of Simon Pegg, Vincent Tong, Aaron Harris, Utkarsh Ambudkar, and Justina Machado also starring in the film. It follows the two opossum brothers Crash and Eddie and their adventure to becoming independent possums alongside the titular character Buck Wild.

<i>Ice Age: Scrat Tales</i> Short series in the Ice Age franchise.

Ice Age: Scrat Tales is an American animated series of shorts produced by Blue Sky Studios, which premiered on Disney+ on April 13, 2022. It is a spin-off of the Ice Age franchise and the first series of shorts in the franchise. It is also the final production from Blue Sky Studios to be released by 20th Century Studios following the studio's closure on April 10, 2021. The series focuses on Scrat, a saber-toothed squirrel who discovers that he has a son.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Guerrasio, Jason (March 30, 2022). "Inside the bizarre 2-decade battle by Pamela Anderson's hat designer to prove she created Scrat from 'Ice Age'". Business Insider. Archived from the original on June 27, 2022. Retrieved April 13, 2022.
  2. ↑ "Artist says Fox lawyers tried to pay him in legal battle over Scrat character". Business Insider .
  3. ↑ Bennett, Tara (April 13, 2022). "An Oral History of Scrat Tales: The Death and Legacy of Blue Sky Studios". Paste. Archived from the original on April 15, 2022. Retrieved April 14, 2022.
  4. 1 2 Calimbahin, Samantha (February 23, 2022). "Scrat's Baby Revealed In Disney+ Ice Age Short Poster (They're Adorable)". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on February 23, 2022. Retrieved April 14, 2022.
  5. ↑ Verniere, James (December 25, 2010). "Swift injustice". Boston Herald . Archived from the original on December 26, 2010. Retrieved January 2, 2011.
  6. ↑ "The Ice Age Adventures of Buck Wild Baby Scrat Animated Feature Plush". Just Play | Toys for Kids of All Ages. Archived from the original on January 12, 2022. Retrieved January 13, 2022.
  7. 1 2 3 Keller, Joel (April 13, 2022). "Stream It Or Skip It: 'Ice Age: Scrat Tales' On Disney+, Where The Franchise's Acorn-Obsessed Squirrel Figures Out Fatherhood". Decider. Archived from the original on April 13, 2022. Retrieved April 14, 2022.
  8. ↑ Disney Magic Kingdoms (Gameloft) (March 9, 2024). "Update 80: Ice Age | Update Spotlight". YouTube.
  9. ↑ "Scrat Finally Gets The Acorn In Last-Ever Short From Ice Age Studio". ScreenRant. April 14, 2022.
  10. ↑ "The End". YouTube. April 14, 2022.
  11. ↑ Simon Reynolds (May 30, 2012). "'Ice Age 4: Continental Drift' releases new trailer – video". Digital Spy . Archived from the original on July 6, 2012. Retrieved June 1, 2012.
  12. ↑ Brew, Simon (2019). "Get me more Scrat". The Secret Life of Movies. Octopus Publishing Group. p. 118. ISBN   978-1-7847-2639-3. Archived from the original on June 27, 2022. Retrieved April 14, 2022.
  13. ↑ Friday, Drew (April 6, 2022). "The Ice Age Films Got Real Weird: Upside Down Shark" . Retrieved January 17, 2024.
  14. ↑ Chew, Kristina (November 4, 2011). "Saber-Toothed Squirrel Skulls Found: Lived 100 Million Years Ago". Archived from the original on November 7, 2011. Retrieved November 6, 2011.
  15. ↑ de Lazaro, Enrico (August 27, 2019). "Triassic-Era Mammal Relative Had Saber Teeth" . Retrieved January 15, 2023.
  16. ↑ "Fox Entertainment Group, Inc. and Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation v. Ivy Silberstein" (PDF). United States Patent and Trademark Office . July 20, 2009. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 8, 2021. Retrieved February 21, 2010.
  17. ↑ Connolly, Jason (January 31, 2022). "The Real Reason Scrat Wasn't In The Ice Age Adventures Of Buck Wild". Looper.com. Archived from the original on February 1, 2022. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
  18. ↑ "Disney Loses Rights To Scrat From Ice Age Following Trademark Dispute". TheGamer. January 30, 2022. Archived from the original on February 4, 2022. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
  19. ↑ Winkelman, Natalia (January 28, 2022). "'The Ice Age Adventures of Buck Wild' Review: A Franchise Thaws". The New York Times . Archived from the original on January 28, 2022. Retrieved January 28, 2022.
  20. ↑ Hassenger, Jesse (January 28, 2022). "The new direct-to-streaming Ice Age sequel is a generic chunk of content". The A.V. Club . Archived from the original on January 29, 2022. Retrieved January 28, 2022.
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