Shamrock V

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Shamrock V
Shamrock V at Marigot Bay St Lucia.jpg
Shamrock V at Marigot Bay, St Lucia, 26 March 2002
Yacht clubBurgee of royal ulster yc.svg  Royal Ulster Yacht Club
NationCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom
Class J-class
Designer(s) Charles Ernest Nicholson
Builder Camper & Nicholson
Launched14 April 1930 [1]
Owner(s)Sir Thomas Lipton
Sir Thomas Sopwith 1931
Sir Richard Fairey 1934
Mario Crespi 1937
Piero Scanu 1962
Lipton Tea Company 1986
Newport Museum of Yachting
Int'l Yacht Restoration School 1995
Newport Shamrock V Corp. 1998
Specifications
TypeMonohull
Displacement134 long tons [2] (136 metric tonnes)
Length119 ft 10 ins (36.5 m) overall; [2] 81 ft 1 in (24.7 m) at waterline [2]
Beam19 ft 8 in [2] (6.0 m)
Draft14 ft 8 in [2] (4.47 m)
Sail area7,540 sq.ft [2] (700.5 m2)

Shamrock V is a British J-class yacht. She was the first British yacht to be built to the new J-Class rule. She was commissioned by Sir Thomas Lipton for his fifth America's Cup challenge. Although refitted several times, Shamrock is the only original J-class never to have fallen into dereliction.

Contents

Origins

The services of Charles Ernest Nicholson were once again employed to design the challenger and she was constructed at the Camper and Nicholsons yard in Gosport. [3] Shamrock V was built from wood, with mahogany planking over steel frames and, most significantly, a hollow spruce mast. [4] As a result of rule changes, she was the first British contender for the America's Cup to carry the Bermuda rig. Following her launch on 14 April 1930 she showed early promise on the British Regatta circuit winning 15 of 22 races and placing second in an additional four. [5] She also underwent continuous upgrading with changes to her hull shape, rudder, and modifications to the rig to create a more effective racing sail plan before departing to America in time for the 15th America's Cup.

Four New York syndicates responded to Lipton's challenge each creating a J-Class, Weetamoe, Yankee, Whirlwind, and Enterprise. [6] This was a remarkable response, particularly during depression-hit America with each yacht costing at least half a million dollars, and served to highlight that despite the J-Class' immense power and beauty, their Achilles heel would be the exorbitant cost to construct and race them. Winthrop Aldrick's syndicate, Enterprise, emerged from the competitive round-robins as the eventual defender.

Enterprise was the smallest J-Class to be built, her size being an early indication of the ruthless efficiency that was employed by the renowned naval architect Starling Burgess. The efficiency of design was coupled to a number of pioneering features such as the Park Avenue Boom, hidden lightweight winches and the world's first duralumin mast.

America's Cup

The first of the best-of-seven races was a convincing victory for Enterprise winning by nearly three minutes. Shamrock V was to fare worse in the second race losing by nearly 10 minutes. The third race finally provided the assembled thousands on the shore at Newport, the racing they craved. Shamrock V's initial lead at the start was relinquished to Enterprise after a tacking duel. Following this surrender disaster struck, as Shamrock V's main halyard parted and her sail collapsed to the deck. The fourth race clinched the cup for Enterprise after which Sir Thomas Lipton was heard to utter "I can't win".

Shamrock V's challenge was plagued by bad luck and haunted by one of the most ruthless skippers in America's Cup history, Harold Vanderbilt. Sir Thomas Lipton, after endearing himself to the American public during 31 years and five attempts, would die the following year never fulfilling his ambition to win the cup.

Post Cup Career

The British aviation industrialist Sir Thomas Sopwith was to be the next custodian of Shamrock V. [3] Already a keen yachtsman, Sopwith bought her in 1931 as a trial horse to gain J-Class racing experience. He would also add to Nicholson's skills with his own aeronautical expertise and material knowledge to build and perfect his challenger for the 16th America's cup, Endeavour .

Shamrock V was then sold to Sopwith's aviation friend, and fellow yachtsman, Sir Richard Fairey of Fairey Aviation [3] who continued to incorporate aerodynamic and hydrodynamic modifications. These included a new mast and mainsail fitted before the 1934 season, in which she competed simply as Shamrock. [7] In the "Big Class" that year, she sailed against Astra, HMY Britannia, Candida, Endeavour, and Velsheda . [7]

In the 1935 regatta season, she campaigned against Velsheda, Endeavour, and Yankee. In 1937, Shamrock V was sold to the Italian senator and industrialist Mario Crespi. This change in ownership prompted Shamrock V's only name change. Italian Fascist law had banned the use of foreign names in society, accordingly Shamrock V was renamed Quadrifoglio (cloverleaf). Crespi was also the first owner who modified Shamrock V for comfort by installing her maple interior. [3]

A renaissance for Shamrock V began in 1962 with her acquisition by the Italian yachtsman Piero Scanu. He instigated a comprehensive three-year overhaul commencing in 1967 with Shamrock V returning to the Camper and Nicholsons yard. The hull and deck received significant attention along with the modernisation of the systems and engines. In 1974, the yacht was used in the production of the movie Swept Away. [8] The effects of this rebuild were to last the next twenty years during which a remarkable repeat of history was enacted when, in 1986, Shamrock V returned to the ownership of the Lipton Tea Company who donated her to the Museum of Yachting at Newport, Rhode Island. Another extensive restoration was instigated by her new owners and undertaken by Elizabeth Meyer in 1989. [9]

Following changes of ownership in the 1990s and another renovation, Shamrock V participated in a reunion in August 2001 with the only two remaining J-Classes, Endeavour, and Velsheda , for the America's Cup Jubilee in the Solent. In March 2016 it was reported that Shamrock V had changed ownership and had been listed for sale with an asking price of €6 million. [10] [11]

Shamrock V in the Itchen, July 2018 Shamrock V in the Itchen.jpg
Shamrock V in the Itchen, July 2018

Bibliography

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thomas Lipton</span> The founder of the tea company, Lipton Tea

Sir Thomas Johnstone Lipton, 1st Baronet was a Scotsman of Ulster-Scots parentage who was a self-made man, as company founder of Lipton Tea, merchant, philanthropist and yachtsman who lost 5 straight America's Cup races.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">J Class (yacht)</span> Class of racing yachts

The J Class of racing yachts were built to the specifications of Nathanael Herreshoff's Universal Rule. The J Class is considered the apex of the era when the Universal Rule determined eligibility in the America's Cup.

<i>Reliance</i> (yacht)

Reliance was the 1903 America's Cup defender designed by Nat Herreshoff.

Velsheda

The J-class yacht Velsheda was designed by Charles Ernest Nicholson and built in 1933 by Camper and Nicholsons at Gosport, Hampshire. She was built for businessman William Lawrence Stephenson and between 1933 and 1936, she won many races and competed with other yachts of her era such as Britannia, Endeavour and Shamrock V.

Fairey Marine Ltd, latterly known as FBM Marine, was a boat building company based on the River Hamble, Southampton, England. The company was created in the late 1940s by Sir Charles Richard Fairey and Fairey Aviation's managing director, Mr. Chichester-Smith. Both were avid sailing enthusiasts along with Chichester-Smith's good friend and former Olympic yachtsman, Charles Currey.

HMY <i>Britannia</i> (Royal Cutter Yacht)

His Majesty's Yacht Britannia was a gaff-rigged cutter built in 1893 for RYS Commodore Albert Edward, Prince of Wales. She served both himself and his son King George V with a long racing career.

<i>Lulworth</i> (yacht)

Lulworth is a racing yacht that was built in Southampton in 1920.

<i>Endeavour</i> (yacht)

Endeavour is a J-class yacht built for the 1934 America's Cup by Camper and Nicholson in Gosport, England. She was built for Thomas Sopwith who used his aviation design expertise to ensure the yacht was the most advanced of its day with a steel hull and mast. She was 130-foot (40 m) and launched in 1934 and won many races in her first season including against the J's Velsheda and Shamrock V. She failed in her America's Cup challenge against the American defender Rainbow but came closer to lifting the cup than any other until Australia II succeeded in 1983.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charles Ernest Nicholson</span> British yacht designer

Charles Ernest Nicholson was a British yacht designer.

<i>Endeavour II</i> (yacht)

Endeavour II was a 1936 yacht of the J Class and unsuccessful challenger of the 1937 America's Cup. It was ordered by Thomas Sopwith, designed by Charles Ernest Nicholson and built at Camper and Nicholsons. Endeavour II was scrapped in 1968.

Enterprise was a 1930 yacht of the J Class and successful defender of the 1930 America's Cup for the New York Yacht Club. It was ordered by a syndicate headed by Vice-Commodore Winthrop Aldrich, designed by Starling Burgess, and built by Herreshoff Manufacturing Company.

Whirlwind was a 1930 yacht of the J Class built as a contender for the New York Yacht Club's defence of the 1930 America's Cup. She was ordered by a syndicate headed by Landon Ketchum Thorne, designed by Lewis Francis Herreshoff, and built by Lawley & Son. Whirlwind was unsuccessful in her bid to become the Cup defender, an honor that went to Enterprise. She never sailed again after the Cup races, and was scrapped in 1935.

<i>Yankee</i> (yacht)

Yankee was a 1930 yacht of the J Class built as a contender for the New York Yacht Club's defence of the 1930 America's Cup. She was ordered by a syndicate from the Eastern Yacht Club of Boston, organized by John Silsbee Lawrence, designed by Frank Cabot Paine, and built by Lawley & Son. Whirlwind was unsuccessful in her bid to become the Cup defender, an honor that went to Enterprise. With modifications, she took part in the trials for the 1934 America's Cup. She was eventually taken to the United Kingdom by a new owner in 1935 and was scrapped in 1941.

Weetamoe was a 1930 yacht of the J Class built as a contender for the New York Yacht Club's defence of the 1930 America's Cup. She was ordered by a syndicate headed by Junius Morgan, designed by Clinton Hoadley Crane, and built by Herreshoff Manufacturing Company. Weetamoe was unsuccessful in her bid to become the Cup defender, an honor that went to Enterprise. She continued to sail for a few years afterwards, before being scrapped in 1937.

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Camper and Nicholson was a yacht design and manufacturing company based in Gosport, England, for over two hundred years, constructing many significant vessels, such as Gipsy Moth IV and Prince Philip's yacht Bloodhound. Its customers included Thomas Sopwith, William Kissam Vanderbilt II and George Spencer-Churchill, 6th Duke of Marlborough. Its yachts competed in The America's Cup, The Fastnet Race, the Olympics, the Ocean Race and many other yacht races. It also built a number of small warships, notably during the two World Wars, and some as late as the 1950s.

The 1930 America's Cup was the 14th challenge for the Cup. It took place in Newport and consisted of a series of races between the defender Enterprise, entered by a syndicate of New York Yacht Club members headed by Winthrop Aldrich, and Shamrock V, the fifth in Sir Thomas Lipton's line of Cup challengers.

The 1934 America's Cup was the 15th challenge for the Cup. It took place in Newport and consisted of a series of races between the defender Rainbow, entered by a syndicate of New York Yacht Club members headed by Harold S. Vanderbilt, and Endeavour, owned by Sir Thomas Sopwith.

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The America's Cup is the oldest international competition still operating in any sport.

References

  1. Dear 2004, p.33
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Vanderbilt 1931, p.88
  3. 1 2 3 4 "JK3 : Shamrock V". J Class Yachts. 10 December 2010. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
  4. Dear 2004, pp.31–32
  5. Dear 2004, pp.34–35
  6. Caswell, Chris (27 January 2011). "Magnificence Reborn". Yachting Magazine. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
  7. 1 2 Dear 2004, p.87
  8. Yachting World, November 2001 (PDF) (in Italian). Retrieved 19 December 2021.
  9. "JK3 : Shamrock V : Rebuild". J Class Yachts. 10 December 2010. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
  10. "Shamrock V Yacht For Sale". Boat International . Archived from the original on 31 May 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2016.
  11. "The 37m J-Class superyacht Shamrock V sold". SuperYacht Times. 21 March 2016. Archived from the original on 4 April 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2016.

Further reading