Simpson Strait

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Simpson Strait
Simpson Strait

The Simpson Strait ( 68°32′N097°30′W / 68.533°N 97.500°W / 68.533; -97.500 (Simpson Strait) ) is a natural, shallow waterway separating King William Island to the north from Adelaide Peninsula on Nunavut's mainland to the south. The strait, an arm of the Arctic Ocean, connects the Queen Maud Gulf with Rasmussen Basin's Rae Strait. [1]

Simpson Strait measures 40 mi (64 km) long and 2–10 mi (3.2–16.1 km) wide, [1] and there are several small islands within it: Albert, Beaver, Boulder, Castor, Chens, Club, Comb, Denille, Dolphin, Eta, Hook, Kilwinning, Pollux, Ristvedt, Saatuq, Sarvaq and Taupe. [2]

History

The English naval officer George Back reached Simpson Strait in 1834, but did not name it. [3]

In 1836, the Hudson's Bay Company wanted to "endeavour to complete the discovery and survey of the northern shores of the American continent" and so it sent the Scottish explorer Thomas Simpson and the Canadian explorer Peter Warren Dease on an expedition. Simpson and Dease reached the Simpson Strait in 1839, and named it in honor of Simpson. [3]

Roald Amundsen traversed it in 1903 during his first successful Northwest Passage voyage. [3] [4]

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Victoria Island</span> Island in Arctic Canada

Victoria Island is a large island in the Arctic Archipelago that straddles the boundary between Nunavut and the Northwest Territories of Canada. It is the eighth-largest island in the world, and at 217,291 km2 (83,897 sq mi)1 in area, it is Canada's second-largest island. It is nearly double the size of Newfoundland (111,390 km2 [43,010 sq mi]), and is slightly larger than the island of Great Britain (209,331 km2 [80,823 sq mi]) but smaller than Honshu (225,800 km2 [87,200 sq mi]). The western third of the island lies in the Inuvik Region of the Northwest Territories; the remainder is part of Nunavut's Kitikmeot Region. The population of 2,168 is divided between two settlements, the larger of which is Cambridge Bay (Nunavut) and the other Ulukhaktok.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arctic Archipelago</span> Canadian islands in the Arctic Ocean

The Arctic Archipelago, also known as the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, is an archipelago lying to the north of the Canadian continental mainland, excluding Greenland and Iceland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amundsen Gulf</span> Gulf in the Northwest Territories, Canada

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dolphin and Union Strait</span>

Dolphin and Union Strait lies in both the Northwest Territories and Nunavut, Canada, between the mainland and Victoria Island. It is part of the Northwest Passage. It links Amundsen Gulf, lying to the northwest, with Coronation Gulf, lying to the southeast. The southeastern end of the strait is marked by Austin Bay. It gets its name from the two boats used by the Scottish naval surgeon and explorer John Richardson, who was the first known European to explore it in 1826.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">James Ross Strait</span> Strait in Nunavut, Canada

James Ross Strait, an arm of the Arctic Ocean, is a channel between King William Island and the Boothia Peninsula in the Canadian territory of Nunavut. 180 km (110 mi) long, and 48 km (30 mi) to 64 km (40 mi) wide, it connects M'Clintock Channel to the Rae Strait to the south. Islands in the channel include the Clarence Islands, Tennent Islands, Beverley Island, and Matty Island.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Prince Regent Inlet</span> Body of water in Nunavut, Canada

Prince Regent Inlet is a body of water in Nunavut, Canada between the west end of Baffin Island and Somerset Island on the west. It opens north into Lancaster Sound and to the south merges into the Gulf of Boothia. The Arctic inlet's northern portion is approximately 40 mi (64 km) wide; the southern portion is approximately 65 mi (105 km) wide. It is deep throughout and there are no islands within the inlet.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dease Strait</span> Waterway in Nunavut, Canada

Dease Strait is an east–west waterway between the mainland's Kent Peninsula and Victoria Island in Nunavut, Canada. It is part of the Northwest Passage. At its eastern end, approximately 19 km (12 mi) wide, is Cambridge Bay; to the west it widens to approximately 61 km (38 mi) and becomes Coronation Gulf. The strait is 163 km (101 mi) long.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Queen Maud Gulf</span> Bay in Nunavut, Canada

Queen Maud Gulf lies between the northern coast of the mainland and the southeastern corner of Victoria Island in Nunavut, Canada. At its western end lies Cambridge Bay, leading to Dease Strait; to the east lies Simpson Strait; and to the north, Victoria Strait. It is home to the Queen Maud Gulf Migratory Bird Sanctuary.

Adelaide Peninsula (Iluilik), ancestral home to the Illuilirmiut Inuit, is a large peninsula in Nunavut, Canada. It is located at 68°06′N097°48′W south of King William Island. Its namesake is Queen Adelaide, consort of King William IV of the United Kingdom.

Rae Strait is a small strait in the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut, Canada. It is located between King William Island and the Boothia Peninsula on the mainland to the east. It is named after Scottish Arctic explorer John Rae who, in 1854, was the first European to visit the area while mapping the northern coast of North America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chantrey Inlet</span> Bay on the Arctic coast of Canada

Chantrey Inlet (Tariunnuaq) is a bay on the Arctic coast of Canada. It marks the southeast "corner" where the generally east–west coast turns sharply north. To the west is the Adelaide Peninsula and to the east is mainland. King William Island shelters it to the northwest. To the west the Simpson Strait separates King William Island from the Adelaide Peninsula. Its mouth is marked by Point Ogle on the west and Cape Britannia on the east. West of Point Ogle is Barrow Bay, Starvation Cove and Point Richardson. The Back River enters from the south. Near its mouth is a weather station on the Hayes River. Montreal Island is contained within the Inlet. It is 160 km (100 mi) long and 80 km (50 mi) wide at its mouth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Barrow Strait</span> Waterway in Northern Canadas territory of Nunavut

Barrow Strait is a shipping waterway in Northern Canada's territory of Nunavut. Forming part of the Parry Channel, the strait separates several large islands including Cornwallis Island and Devon Island to the north, from Prince of Wales Island, Somerset Island, and Prince Leopold Island to the south.

The Finlayson Islands are a string of Canadian arctic islands in Nunavut, Canada. The group lies in Dease Strait, approximately 12 mi (19 km) from Cape Alexander, south of Victoria Island and north of the mainland's Kent Peninsula. The community of Cambridge Bay is approximately 23 mi (37 km) to the east.

The Button Islands are located in the Arctic Archipelago in the territory of Nunavut. They are surrounded by Ungava Bay, Hudson Strait, Davis Strait, and they are on the north side of Gray Strait. The Button Islands measure 51 km2 (20 sq mi).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kiillinnguyaq</span> Peninsula in Nunavut, Canada

Kiillinnguyaq, formerly the Kent Peninsula, is a large Arctic peninsula, almost totally surrounded by water, in the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut. Were it not for a 8.0 km (5 mi) isthmus at the southeast corner it would be a long island parallel to the coast. From the isthmus it extends 169 km (105 mi) westward into the Coronation Gulf. To the south, Melville Sound separates it from the mainland. To the north is Dease Strait and then Victoria Island. To the west is Coronation Gulf and to the east, Queen Maud Gulf. Cape Flinders marks the western tip of the peninsula, Cape Franklin is at the northwestern point, and Hiiqtinniq, formerly Cape Alexander marks the northeastern point.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thomas Simpson (explorer)</span> Scottish explorer (1808–1840)

Thomas Simpson was a Scottish Arctic explorer, Hudson's Bay Company fur trader, and cousin of Company Governor Sir George Simpson. He helped chart the northern coasts of Canada. He died by violence near the Turtle River while traveling through the wilderness in what is now the U.S. state of North Dakota but was then part of the Territory of Iowa. The circumstances of his final hours—in which he allegedly killed himself after gunning down two companions—have long been a subject of controversy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Timeline of European exploration</span>

This timeline of European exploration lists major geographic discoveries and other firsts credited to or involving Europeans during the Age of Discovery and the following centuries, between the years AD 1418 and 1957.

References

  1. 1 2 "Simpson Strait". The Columbia Gazetteer of North America. 2000. Retrieved 2008-06-02.
  2. "Group Name: Nunavut (Kitikmeot Region) East Centre group". rsgbiota.org. 2007-06-30. Retrieved 2008-06-02.
  3. 1 2 3 Greely, A. W. (March 2007). Handbook of Polar Discoveries. ISBN   978-1-4067-6645-5.
  4. "Northwest Passage via Simpson Strait". quarkexpeditions.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2008-06-02.