| Smaragdinella calyculata | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Heterobranchia |
| Order: | Cephalaspidea |
| Family: | Haminoeidae |
| Genus: | Smaragdinella |
| Species: | S. calyculata |
| Binomial name | |
| Smaragdinella calyculata (Broderip & G. B. Sowerby I, 1829) | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Smaragdinella calyculata, also called calyx bubble shell, is a small shelled slug common on rocky shores in the Indo-Pacific including Hawaii. [1] [2]
The Smaragdinella calyculata are marine bubble-shelled slugs. [3] The shell of the slug is flat and solid, allowing it to attach onto rocks along the shore. [3] The shell is brownish green with shades of white. [3] The large headshield is wide in the front, narrowing slightly to form a rounded end. [3] The upper whorl is absent, except for a spoon-shaped projection from the columella. [3] On each side of the shell, a foot extends into a large lateral lobe, the parapodia, which fold over, partially enclosing the shell, which lies exposed on the back of the animal. [3] The chemosensory Hancock's organs are brown and form a thin wrinkled ridge in the areas between the foot and the headshield on each side of the head. [3] The penial opening is on the right anterior corner of the head. [3] A ciliated seminal groove runs back to the genital opening at the anterior end of the mantle cavity opening. [3] They are grazers, which are consumers that feed on organisms on the bottom levels of the food chain. [4] They are herbivorous. [3]
Smaragdinella calyculata is found in the Hawaiian Islands and the Indo-Pacific regions. [5] The Indo-Pacific region is a geopolitical area that spans two regions of the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. [6] Stretching from the west coast of the United States to the west coast of India, the Indo-Pacific is a 24-nation regional framework comprising the tropical waters of the Indian Ocean, the western and central Pacific Ocean, and the seas connecting the two in the general area of Indonesia. [6] Some examples of locations in the Indo-Pacific regions are China and Japan. [5]
A majority of calyculata live in marine benthic zones. [7] Marine benthic zones are regions of the ocean that encompasses the seafloor and includes regions as shores, littoral or intertidal areas, marine coral reefs, and the deep seabed. [7] It lives at the same place on the shore as many limpets, and its compact shape and large muscular foot make it difficult to pry the animal off the rock at low tide. [3] Most calyculata were discovered in low water near shores, attached onto various rocks and coral reefs. [3]
Bulla is a genus of medium to large hermaphrodite sea snails, shelled marine opisthobranch gastropod molluscs. These herbivorous snails are in the suborder Cephalaspidea, headshield slugs, and the order Opisthobranchia.
Haminoeoidea is a taxonomic superfamily of small sea snails or bubble shells, marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusks in the clade Cephalaspidea, the headshield slugs and bubble snails.
Jean René Constant Quoy was a French naval surgeon, zoologist and anatomist.
Siphonaria australis is a species of air-breathing sea snail or false limpet, a marine pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Siphonariidae, the false limpets.
Siphonaria zelandica is a species of medium-sized air-breathing sea snail or false limpet, a marine pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Siphonariidae, the false limpets.
Phenatoma roseum, or the pink tower shell, is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Borsoniidae.
Chromodoris magnifica, also known as the magnificent sea slug is a sea slug, a species of nudibranch, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusc in the family Chromodorididae. It is the type species of the genus Chromodoris.
Conus bandanus, common name the banded marble cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Terebra quoygaimardi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Terebridae, the auger snails.
Notoacmea flammea is a species of sea snail, a true limpet, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Lottiidae, one of the families of true limpets.
Scutellastra flexuosa is a species of sea snail, a true limpet, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Patellidae, one of the families of true limpets.
Austrolittorina unifasciata, common name the banded periwinkle, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Littorinidae, the winkles or periwinkles. It is also known as the blue periwinkle.
Laevistrombus is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Strombidae, the true conchs.
Mexichromis lemniscata is a species of colourful sea slug or dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Chromodorididae.
Siphonaria diemenensis, is a species of air-breathing sea snail or false limpet, a marine pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Siphonariidae, the false limpets.
Platydoris cruenta is a species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, shell-less marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusks in the family Discodorididae.
Milda ventricosa, common name the ventricose pyram, is a species of small to medium-sized sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyram snails.
Smaragdinella is a genus of medium-sized sea snails or bubble snails, marine opisthobranch gastropod molluscs in the family Haminoeidae, the haminoea bubble snails, part of the clade Cephalaspidea, the headshield slugs and bubble snails.
Phanerophthalmus is a genus of medium-sized sea snails or bubble snails, marine opisthobranch gastropod molluscs in the family Haminoeidae, the haminoea bubble snails, part of the clade Cephalaspidea, the headshield slugs and bubble snails.
Vexillum oleaceum, commonly known as the olive-like mitre, is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.
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