Stenocarpus cryptocarpus

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Stenocarpus cryptocarpus
Stenocarpus cryptocarpus.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Genus: Stenocarpus
Species:
S. cryptocarpus
Binomial name
Stenocarpus cryptocarpus

Stenocarpus cryptocarpus, commonly known as the giant-leaved stenocarpus, [4] is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to north Queensland. It is a tree with buttress roots at the base, simple, mostly elliptical adult leaves, groups of cream-coloured flowers and narrow oblong follicles.

Contents

Description

Stenocarpus cryptocarpus is a tree that typically grows to a height of up to 25 m (82 ft), with a dbh of up to 40 cm (16 in). It is a canopy tree and has buttress roots at the base. [5] [6] The leaves of young plants are bipinnate, up to 115 cm (45 in) long on a petiole 15–20 cm (5.9–7.9 in) long. Adult leaves are simple, elliptic, more or less oblong or egg-shaped with the narrower end towards the base, and 9–14 cm (3.5–5.5 in) long on a petiole 3–8 cm (1.2–3.1 in) long.

The leaves are glossy green and covered with woolly, rust-coloured hairs when young. The flower groups are arranged in leaf axils near the ends of branches with up to 20 flowers on a peduncle 55–95 mm (2.2–3.7 in) long. The individual flowers are cream-coloured, strongly perfumed and 20–30 mm (0.79–1.18 in) long, each flower on a pedicel 10–17 mm (0.39–0.67 in) long. Flowering occurs from December to April and the fruit is a narrow oblong follicle up to 10–13 cm (3.9–5.1 in) long. [4] [6] [7]

Taxonomy

Stenocarpus cryptocarpus was first formally described in 1988 by botanists Don Foreman and Bernie Hyland in the journal Muelleria from specimens collected by Hyland from North Queensland in 1969. [6] [8] The specific epithet (cryptocarpus) means "hidden-fruited". [9]

Distribution and habitat

Giant leaved stenocarpus grows in rainforest at altitudes up to 1,000 m (3,300 ft) between Cooktown and Innisfail. [4]

Related Research Articles

<i>Stenocarpus</i> Genus of plants of the family Proteaceae

Stenocarpus is a genus of about 22 species of flowering plants in the family Proteaceae. They are trees or shrubs with variably-shaped leaves, zygomorphic, bisexual flowers, the floral tube opening on the lower side before separating into four parts, followed by fruit that is usually a narrow oblong or cylindrical follicle.

<i>Orites excelsus</i> Species of tree in the family Proteaceae of northern New South Wales and southeast Queensland

Orites excelsus, commonly known as prickly ash, mountain silky oak or white beefwood, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a medium-sized to tall rainforest tree with oblong to lance-shaped leaves, variously lobed and with teeth on the edges. The flowers are white and arranged in leaf axils in spikes that are shorter than the leaves.

<i>Banksia obovata</i> Species of shrub in Western Australia

Banksia obovata, commonly known as wedge-leaved dryandra, is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has hairy stems, serrated, wedge-shaped to egg-shaped leaves with the lower end towards the base, cream-coloured or pale yellow flowers in heads of up to 100, and egg-shaped follicles. It is found in near-coastal areas in the south of the state.

Banksia foliolata is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has hairy stems, pinnatifid leaves, heads of about sixty cream-coloured and maroon flowers and oblong to elliptical follicles. It grows on rocky slopes in dense shrubland in the Stirling Range National Park.

<i>Buckinghamia</i> Genus of trees in the family Proteaceae endemic to north eastern Queensland, Australia

Buckinghamia is a genus of only two known species of trees, belonging to the plant family Proteaceae. They are endemic to the rainforests of the wet tropics region of north eastern Queensland, Australia. The ivory curl flower, B. celsissima, is the well known, popular and widely cultivated species in gardens and parks, in eastern and southern mainland Australia, and additionally as street trees north from about Brisbane. The second species, B. ferruginiflora, was only recently described in 1988.

<i>Elaeocarpus obovatus</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae

Elaeocarpus obovatus, commonly known as hard quandong, blueberry ash, whitewood, grey carabeen, freckled oliveberry or gray carrobeen, is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a tree with buttress roots at the base of the trunk, egg-shaped to lance-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, racemes of white flowers, and blue, oval fruit.

<i>Stenocarpus salignus</i> Species of tree in the family Proteaceae from New South Wales and Queensland

Stenocarpus salignus, known as the scrub beefwood is an Australian rainforest tree in the family Proteaceae. Found in warmer rainforests on the coast and ranges. It is often found in warm temperate rainforest on poorer sedimentary soils, or on volcanic soils above 750 metres above sea level. It was originally described by the botanist Robert Brown in 1810.

<i>Syzygium ingens</i> Species of tree

Syzygium ingens, commonly known as red apple, is a species of flowering plant that is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a medium-sized to tall rainforest tree with narrow elliptic to oblong leaves and panicles of white flowers on the ends of branchlets, followed by spherical red berries.

<i>Buckinghamia celsissima</i> Species of plant in the family Proteaceae

Buckinghamia celsissima, commonly known as the ivory curl tree, ivory curl flower or spotted silky oak, is a species of tree in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to the tropical rainforests of northeastern Queensland, Australia.

<i>Xylomelum cunninghamianum</i> Species of tree in the family Proteaceae from Australia

Xylomelum cunninghamianum is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with narrow elliptic to lance-shaped leaves with toothed edges when young, groups of flowers covered with brownish hairs and oval fruit densely covered with velvety rust-coloured to grey hair.

<i>Opisthiolepis</i> Genus of plants

Opisthiolepis is a monotypic genus of trees in the macadamia family Proteaceae. The sole species is Opisthiolepis heterophylla, commonly known as blush silky oak, pink silky oak, brown silky oak or drunk rabbit. It was first described in 1952 and is endemic to a small part of northeastern Queensland, Australia.

<i>Nothorites</i> Monotypic genus of plants in the family Proteaceae

Nothorites is a monotypic genus in the macadamia family Proteaceae. The sole species, Nothorites megacarpus, is endemic to the wet tropics rain forests of northeastern Queensland, Australia.

Stenocarpus acacioides is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to north-western Australia. It is a shrub or tree with elliptic leaves and groups of white flowers and woody, linear follicles.

<i>Stenocarpus angustifolius</i> Species of tree of the family Proteaceae native to Queensland

Stenocarpus angustifolius is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to Queensland. It is a shrub or small tree with narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, groups of creamy white flowers and cylindrical follicles.

Stenocarpus verticis is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to northern Australia. It is a tree with elliptic or lance-shaped adult leaves and groups of cream-coloured flowers covered with woolly, rust-coloured or grey hairs.

<i>Stenocarpus cunninghamii</i> Species of tree of the family Proteaceae native to the Northern Territory and Western Australia

Stenocarpus cunninghamii, commonly known as little wheel bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to northern Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with simple, narrow elliptic or lance-shaped adult leaves, groups of pale yellow or white flowers and woody, linear follicles.

<i>Stenocarpus davallioides</i> Species of tree of the family Proteaceae native to the Australian state of Queensland

Stenocarpus davallioides, commonly known as the fern-leaved stenocarpus, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to north Queensland. It is a tree with simple or pinnate adult leaves, groups of creamy-green flowers and narrow oblong follicles.

<i>Stenocarpus reticulatus</i> Species of tree of the family Proteaceae native to the Queensland

Stenocarpus reticulatus, commonly known as black silky oak, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to north Queensland. It is a tree with simple leaves, groups of strongly-perfumed, creamy-white flowers and flattened, semi-circular follicles.

<i>Buckinghamia ferruginiflora</i> Species of plant in the Proteaceae family

Buckinghamia ferruginiflora, also known as Noah's oak or spotted oak, is a species of rainforest tree in the protea family, one of two in the genus that is endemic to the Wet Tropics of Queensland, north-eastern Australia. Although the tree's differences from its congener had been known since the 1970s, it was only formally described by Donald Foreman and Bernard Hyland in 1988 in the journal Muelleria.

<i>Cryptocarya endiandrifolia</i> Species of plant in the family Lauraceae

Cryptocarya endiandrifolia, commonly known as narrow-leaved walnut, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lauraceae family and is native to Cape York Peninsula and New Guinea. Its leaves are elliptic to oblong or lance-shaped, the flowers cream-coloured or pale green and unpleasantly perfumed, and the fruit is a spherical to elliptic black drupe.

References

  1. Forster, P., Ford, A., Griffith, S. & Benwell, A. (2020). "Stenocarpus cryptocarpus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T118489987A122769366. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T118489987A122769366.en . Retrieved 13 September 2021.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. "Species profile—Stenocarpus cryptocarpus". Queensland Department of Environment and Science. Queensland Government. 2021. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  3. "Stenocarpus cryptocarpus". APC. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
  4. 1 2 3 F.A. Zich; B.P.M Hyland; T. Whiffen; R.A. Kerrigan (2020). "Stenocarpus cryptocarpus". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants, Edition 8. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO). Retrieved 4 March 2021.
  5. Sankowsky, Nada. "Attention Grabbers". Australian Plants Online. Association of Societies for Growing Australian Plants. Archived from the original on 6 Dec 2010. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  6. 1 2 3 Foreman, Donald B.; Hyland, Bernard P. (1988). "New species of Buckinghamia F.Muell. and Stenocarpus R.Br. (Proteaceae) from northern Queensland". Muelleria: An Australian Journal of Botany. 6 (6): 422–424. doi: 10.5962/p.171890 . S2CID   251007242 . Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  7. Foreman, Donald B. "Stenocarpus cryptocarpus". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  8. "Stenocarpus cryptocarpus". APNI. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  9. Sharr, Francis Aubi; George, Alex (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings (3rd ed.). Kardinya, WA: Four Gables Press. p. 174. ISBN   9780958034180.