| Stipeae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Celtica gigantea | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Clade: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Poaceae |
| Clade: | BOP clade |
| Subfamily: | Pooideae |
| Supertribe: | Stipodae |
| Tribe: | Stipeae Dumort. |
| Genera | |
28 genera, see text | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
| |
The Stipeae are a tribe of grasses within the subfamily Pooidae, with up to 600 described species. [2]
The defining morphological features of the Stipeae include single-flowered spikelets lacking a rachilla extension, and the lemmas (the external bract) have either a sharp point or a terminal awn (long bristle). [3]
The tribe includes 32 genera: [1] [4] [5]
Many species initially placed into Stipa have now been split off into new genera. Some recent papers have analysed relationships within and between the genera, [6] [7] [8] but a complete analysis has not yet been performed. Stipoid grasses use the C3 photosynthetic pathway and live in temperate areas worldwide. [9]
Panicoideae is the second-largest subfamily of the grasses with over 3,500 species, mainly distributed in warm temperate and tropical regions. It comprises some important agricultural crops, including sugarcane, maize, sorghum, and switchgrass.
The Bambusinae are a subtribe of bamboo. It comprises 17 genera.
Brachyelytrum is a genus of North American and East Asian plants in the grass family, classified in its own tribe Brachyelytreae.
Achnatherum is a genus of flowering plants in the grass family, Poaceae. It includes 20 species of needlegrass native to temperate Eurasia and North Africa. Several needlegrass species have been switched between Achnatherum and genus Stipa; taxonomy between the two closely related genera is still uncertain. In 2019 Peterson et al. reorganized the genera in tribe Stipeae based on molecular DNA studies, and placed the species from the Americas into other genera.
Ampelodesmos is a genus of Mediterranean plants in the grass family, which is known by the common names stramma, Mauritania grass, rope grass, and dis(s) grass. It is classified in its own tribe Ampelodesmeae within the grass subfamily Pooideae.
Piptochaetium, or speargrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family, native to North and South America. Piptochaetium is a bunchgrass genus in the tribe Stipeae.
Jarava is a genus in the subfamily Pooideae of the grass family Poaceae. It is native to Central and South America.
The Meliceae are a tribe of grasses near the base of the Pooideae. They include two relatively large genera, Melica with about 80-90 species and Glyceria with about 55 species. Its other genera are Koordersiochloa, Lycochloa, Pleuropogon, Schizachne, and Triniochloa.
Oryzoideae (syn. Ehrhartoideae) is a subfamily of the true grass family Poaceae. It has around 120 species in 19 genera, notably including the major cereal crop rice. Within the grasses, this subfamily is one of three belonging to the species-rich BOP clade, which all use C3 photosynthesis; it is the basal lineage of the clade.
Anomochlooideae is a subfamily of the true grass family Poaceae. It is sister to all the other grasses. It includes perennial herbs that grow on the shaded floor of forests in the Neotropics. There are two genera, Anomochloa and Streptochaeta, each in its own tribe.
Paniceae is a large tribe of the subfamily Panicoideae in the grasses (Poaceae), the only in the monotypic supertribe Panicodae. It includes roughly 1,500 species in 84 genera, primarily found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Paniceae includes species using either of the C4 and C3 photosynthetic pathways, as well as presumably intermediate species. Most of the millets are members of tribe Paniceae.
Piptatheropsis is a genus of plants in the grass family.
Phaenospermatae is a tribe of grasses, subfamily Pooideae, containing a single genus, Phaenosperma. The tribe previously included several other genera, which are now placed in a separate tribe, Duthieeae.
Micrairoideae is a subfamily of the grass family Poaceae, distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. Within the PACMAD clade, it is sister to subfamily Arundinoideae.
Eriachneae is a tribe of grasses in subfamily Micrairoideae, with 50 species in two genera. Species in the tribe use the C4 photosynthetic pathway and are distributed mainly in Australasia, reaching into Asia and Micronesia.
Paspaleae is a tribe of the Panicoideae subfamily in the grasses (Poaceae), native mainly to the tropical and subtropical Americas but with a number of species introduced to other regions. It includes roughly 680 species in 39 genera. Species in this tribe use either of the C3 or C4 photosynthetic pathways.
Duthieeae is a tribe of grasses, subfamily Pooideae, containing eight genera.
Patis is a genus of grasses in the Stipeae tribe of the grass family, found in China, Korea, Japan, eastern Canada, and north central and eastern United States.
Thorneochloa is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Poaceae. It contains a single species, Thorneochloa diegoensis, commonly known as San Diego needlegrass. It is a perennial grass native to California and to Todos Santos in the southern Baja California Peninsula.
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