| Succinea caduca | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Heterobranchia |
| Order: | Stylommatophora |
| Family: | Succineidae |
| Genus: | Succinea |
| Species: | S. caduca |
| Binomial name | |
| Succinea caduca | |
Succinea caduca is a species of land snail native to Hawai'i. [1] [2]
Succinea caduca is a species of clade B of succineid species on Hawai'i, as identified using nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA markers. The clade (and thus, this species) arose in an evolutionary radiation relatively more recent than the other clade of succineids, clade A. [3]
Succinea caduca has an approximately oval-shaped, fragile shell, about a third of an inch in length and a fifth of an inch in breadth. This shell has about two and a half whorls with a prominent spire, and is "horn color". [1]
Succinea caduca was first described as inhabiting the island O'ahu in 1848, [1] but have since been found to inhabit six Hawaiian islands (O'ahu, Lāna'i, Mokoka'i, Kaua'i, Maui, and Hawai'i) in a field survey conducted from 2004–2005. [4] They are the only species in clade B of succineid species to inhabit more than one island. [3] They live at the coast, and are commonly seen in coastal gullies after heavy rain. An experiment found that they could survive 12 hours of immersion in sea water, indicating they may have been able to move between islands by riding on materials drifting in the water. [5] S. caduca inhabits relatively arid habitats. [6]
Succinea caduca tend to be found under overhangs, in cracks in vertical lava rock, in leaf litter, and in dense grass. S. caduca also inhabits anthropogenic areas, such that have introduced, nonnative plants and disturbance from urban development. S. caduca prefers dry areas. [4]
Succinea caduca is one of the few land snail species on Hawai'i that is nonendangered, as well as inhabiting multiple islands. [5] A possible explanation for this is its distribution in dry areas, which may only partially overlap with the distribution of Euglandina rosea , a predator snail species that was introduced to Hawai'i and is a major contributor to native Hawaiian land snail species declining. [4]
Oahu is the third-largest of the Hawaiian Islands. The island of O’ahu and the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands constitute the City and County of Honolulu. The state capital, Honolulu, is on Oʻahu's southeast coast. Oʻahu has a population of 995,638, up from 953,207 in 2010.
The nene, also known as the nēnē or the Hawaiian goose, is a species of bird endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. The nene is exclusively found in the wild on the islands of Oahu, Maui, Kauaʻi, Molokai, and Hawaiʻi. In 1957, it was designated as the official state bird of the state of Hawaiʻi.
Located about 2300 miles (3680 km) from the nearest continental shore, the Hawaiian Islands are the most isolated group of islands on the planet. The plant and animal life of the Hawaiian archipelago is the result of early, very infrequent colonizations of arriving species and the slow evolution of those species—in isolation from the rest of the world's flora and fauna—over a period of at least 5 million years. As a consequence, Hawai'i is home to a large number of endemic species. The radiation of species described by Charles Darwin in the Galapagos Islands which was critical to the formulation of his theory of evolution is far exceeded in the more isolated Hawaiian Islands.
Achatinella is a tropical genus of colorful land snails in the monotypic Achatinellidae subfamily Achatinellinae. Species are arboreal pulmonate gastropod mollusks with some species called Oʻahu tree snails or kāhuli in the Hawaiian language.
The Hawaiian lobelioids are a group of flowering plants in the bellflower family, Campanulaceae, subfamily Lobelioideae, all of which are endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. This is the largest plant radiation in the Hawaiian Islands, and indeed the largest on any island archipelago, with over 125 species. The six genera involved can be broadly separated based on growth habit: Clermontia are typically branched shrubs or small trees, up to 7 metres (23 ft) tall, with fleshy fruits; Cyanea and Delissea are typically unbranched or branching only at the base, with a cluster of relatively broad leaves at the apex and fleshy fruits; Lobelia and Trematolobelia have long thin leaves down a single, non-woody stem and capsular fruits with wind-dispersed seeds; and the peculiar Brighamia have a short, thick stem with a dense cluster of broad leaves, elongate white flowers, and capsular fruits. The relationships among the genera and sections remains unsettled as of April 2022.
Succinea, common name the amber snails, is a large genus of small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Succineidae.
Euglandina rosea, the rosy wolfsnail or cannibal snail, is a species of medium-sized to large predatory air-breathing land snail, a carnivorous terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Spiraxidae.
Achatinella apexfulva is a reportedly extinct species of colorful, tropical, arboreal pulmonate land snail in the family Achatinellidae, once present on Oahu, Hawaii. A. apexfulva is the type species of the genus Achatinella. The specific name, apexfulva, meaning "yellow-tipped", refers to the yellow tip of the snail's shell. Inspired from the taxon, the species has been given common names such as yellow-tipped Oʻahu tree snail or Hawaiian yellow-tipped tree snail.
Achatinella lila is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Achatinellidae. This species is endemic to the northern Ko‘olau Mountains, Oahu.
Carelia turricula are an extinct species of small, air-breathing, land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Amastridae and superfamily Cochlicopoidea.
Newcomb's snail is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, a gastropod mollusk in the family Lymnaeidae. This species is endemic to Hawaii, in the United States. Its natural habitat is rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The Chittenango ovate amber snail is a species of small air-breathing land snail in the family Succineidae, the amber snails. This species was discovered in 1905, and was reported three years later as a subspecies of the oval ambersnail, Succinea ovalis. Several taxonomic reviews took place in the subsequent decades until the end of the 1980s, when the Chittenango ovate amber snail was finally judged to be a distinct species based on chemical and morphological data.
Achatinellidae is a family of tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Pupilloidea.
Mohoidae, also known as the Hawaiian honeyeaters, was a family of Hawaiian species of now recently extinct, nectarivorous songbirds in the genera Moho (ʻōʻō) and Chaetoptila (kioea). These now extinct birds form their own family, representing the only complete extinction of an entire avian family in modern times, when the disputed family Turnagridae is regarded as invalid. The last surviving species in the family, the Kauai O'o, became extinct after 1987.
Neritona granosa is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Neritidae, the nerites.
Succinea approximans is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Succineidae, the amber snails.
Laminella aspera is a land snail belonging to the family Amastridae.
Laminella venusta is a species of land snail in the genus Laminella.