Taczanowskia

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Taczanowskia
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Araneidae
Subfamily: Cyrtarachninae s.l.
Genus: Taczanowskia
Keyserling, 1879 [1]
Type species
T. striata
Keyserling, 1879
Species

5, see text

Taczanowskia is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by Eugen von Keyserling in 1879. [2] Contrary to the common name of the group, spiders of the genus Taczanowskia do not build webs and are furtive hunters, deceiving their prey by producing sex pheromones that attract male moths, and catching their prey by using a pair of enlarged claws at the tip of their anterior legs. [3] [4] [5] [6]

Species

As of December 2021 it contains six species from South America and Mexico: [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orb-weaver spider</span> Family of spiders

Orb-weaver spiders are members of the spider family Araneidae. They are the most common group of builders of spiral wheel-shaped webs often found in gardens, fields, and forests. The English word "orb" can mean "circular", hence the English name of the group. Araneids have eight similar eyes, hairy or spiny legs, and no stridulating organs.

<i>Theridiosoma</i> Genus of spiders

Theridiosoma is a genus of ray spiders that was first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1879. They use their web as a high speed slingshot to actively hunt for prey.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bolas spider</span> Group of spiders that capture prey with a bolas

A bolas spider is a member of the orb-weaver spider that, instead of spinning a typical orb web, hunts by using one or more sticky "capture blobs" on the end of a silk line, known as a "bolas". By swinging the bolas at flying male moths or moth flies nearby, the spider may snag its prey rather like a fisherman snagging a fish on a hook. Because of this, they are also called angling or fishing spiders. The prey is lured to the spider by the production of up to three sex pheromone-analogues.

<i>Philoponella</i> Genus of spiders

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<i>Ordgarius</i> Genus of spiders

Ordgarius is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by Eugen von Keyserling in 1886. Adult females of the genus are bolas spiders, capturing their prey with one or more sticky drops at the end of a single line of silk rather than in a web. Males and juvenile females capture their prey directly with their legs.

<i>Micrathena</i> Genus of spiders

Micrathena, known as spiny orbweavers, is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by Carl Jakob Sundevall in 1833. Micrathena contains more than a hundred species, most of them Neotropical woodland-dwelling species. The name is derived from the Greek "micro", meaning "small", and the goddess Athena.

<i>Wirada</i> Genus of spiders

Wirada is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Eugen von Keyserling in 1886.

<i>Bertrana</i> Genus of spiders

Bertrana is a genus of Central and South American orb-weaver spiders first described by Eugen von Keyserling in 1884. It includes some of the smallest known araneid orb-weavers. Bertrana striolata females are 4.5 mm long or less. The eight eyes are in two rows. The abdomen is white on top and on the sides, with multiple hieroglyphic-like lines and bars of many different shapes and length. In females, these are red, in males, black.

<i>Larinioides sclopetarius</i> Species of spider

Larinioides sclopetarius, commonly called bridge-spider or gray cross-spider, is a relatively large orb-weaver spider with Holarctic distribution. These spiders originated in Europe, have been observed as south as the Mediterranean Coast and as north as Finland, and have been introduced to North America. They are often found on bridges, especially near light and over water. The species tends to live on steel objects and is seldom seen on vegetation. Females reach a body length of 10–14 mm, and males 8–9 mm. Their orb webs can have diameters of up to 70 cm.

<i>Argiope protensa</i> Species of spider

Argiope protensa, commonly known as the tailed grass spider or teardrop spider, is a species of spider in the orb weaver family, Araneidae. This species is fairly common and widespread in Australasia, but like many spider species, little is known of its ecology, biology, or life history.

<i>Dolichognatha</i> Genus of spiders

Dolichognatha is a genus of tropical and subtropical long-jawed orb-weavers that was first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1869. Originally placed with the Archaeidae, it was transferred to the Araneidae in 1967, and to the Tetragnathidae in 1981.

<i>Larinia</i> Genus of spiders

Larinia is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1874.

<i>Glenognatha</i> Genus of spiders

Glenognatha is a genus of long-jawed orb-weavers that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1887. It was considerably revised in 2016.

<i>Mastophora</i> (spider) Genus of spiders

Mastophora, also known as bolas spiders, is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by E. L. Holmberg in 1876. They can be identified by a pair of lumps on the dorsal surface of the opisthosoma, though not all males will have these lumps.

<i>Verrucosa</i> Genus of spiders

Verrucosa is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by Henry McCook in 1888. It contains almost fifty described species, most of which live in South America. The only species in the United States is the arrowhead spider.

<i>Pasilobus</i> Genus of spiders

Pasilobus is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1895.

Pronous is a genus of South American and African orb-weaver spiders first described by Eugen von Keyserling in 1881.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cyrtarachninae</span> Subfamily of spiders

Cyrtarachninae is a subfamily of spiders in the family Araneidae. The group has been circumscribed in several different ways. It originated as the group Cyrtarachneae, described by Eugène Simon in 1892. The group was later treated at different ranks: as a tribe, both under Simon's name and as Cyrtarachnini, and as the subfamily Cyrtarachninae. Circumscriptions have varied. The broadest circumscription, Cyrtarachninae sensu lato (s.l.), includes three of Simon's original groups, including the bolas spiders. Unlike most araneids, members of the subfamily do not construct orb webs, some not using webs at all to capture prey, some using one or more sticky drops on a single line, while others construct webs with few widely spaced non-spiral threads, some triangular. Many have been shown to attract prey by producing analogues of insect sex pheromones, particularly to attract male moths. Adult females may mimic snails, bird droppings and other objects, and so are able to remain exposed during the day time, capturing prey at night.

Ordgarius monstrosus is a species of spider in the orb-weaver spider family Araneidae, found in Queensland, Australia. O. monstrosus is a bolas spider. Rather than using a web, adult females catch their prey by using a line with one or two sticky drops which they swing.

<i>Ordgarius sexspinosus</i> Species of spider

Ordgarius sexspinosus is a species of spider in the orb-weaver spider family Araneidae, found from India to Japan and Indonesia. O. sexspinosus is a bolas spider. Rather than using a web, adult females catch their prey by using a line with one or two sticky drops which they swing.

References

  1. 1 2 Gloor, Daniel; Nentwig, Wolfgang; Blick, Theo; Kropf, Christian (2021). "Gen. Taczanowskia Keyserling, 1879". World Spider Catalog Version 22.5. Natural History Museum Bern. doi:10.24436/2 . Retrieved 2021-12-31.
  2. Keyserling, E. (1879). "Neue Spinnen aus Amerika". Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien. 29: 293–349.
  3. Eberhard, William G. (1980-01-01). "The Natural History and Behavior of the Bolas Spider Mastophora Dizzydeani SP. n. (Araneidae)". Psyche: A Journal of Entomology. 87 (3–4): 143–169. doi: 10.1155/1980/81062 . ISSN   0033-2615.
  4. Yeargan, K V (January 1994). "Biology of Bolas Spiders". Annual Review of Entomology. 39 (1): 81–99. doi:10.1146/annurev.en.39.010194.000501. ISSN   0066-4170.
  5. Eberhard, W. G. (1981). "Notes on the natural history of Taczanowskia sp. (Araneae: Araneidae)". Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society . 5: 175–176.
  6. Scharff, Nikolaj; Coddington, Jonathan A.; Blackledge, Todd A.; Agnarsson, Ingi; Framenau, Volker W.; Szűts, Tamás; Hayashi, Cheryl Y.; Dimitrov, Dimitar (February 2020). "Phylogeny of the orb-weaving spider family Araneidae (Araneae: Araneoidea)". Cladistics. 36 (1): 1–21. doi:10.1111/cla.12382. hdl: 1956/22200 . ISSN   0748-3007. PMID   34618955. S2CID   149824795.
  7. Ibarra-Núñez, Guillermo (2013-05-23). "A new species of the spider genus Taczanowskia (Araneae, Araneidae) from Mexico". Zootaxa. 3664 (1): 57–62. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3664.1.3. ISSN   1175-5334. PMID   26266285.
  8. Jordán, Juan Pablo; Domínguez-Trujillo, Mariela; Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F. (2021). "Phylogenetic placement of the spider genus Taczanowskia (Araneae:Araneidae) and description of a new species from Ecuador". Invertebrate Systematics. 35 (7): 742. doi:10.1071/IS20084. ISSN   1445-5226. S2CID   243878382.