Theloderma licin | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Amphibia |
Order: | Anura |
Family: | Rhacophoridae |
Genus: | Theloderma |
Species: | T. licin |
Binomial name | |
Theloderma licin (McLeod and Norhayati, 2007) | |
Theloderma licin, also known as the smooth frog and the white-backed bug-eyed frog, is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae found in peninsular Malaysia, southern Thailand, and Indonesia's Sumatra island. [2] [3] [4] [5] It inhabits lowland to montane forests. It can be found in water filled tree holes, bamboo cuts, or man-made objects like metal pipes.
The adult male frog measures about 28.0 – 30.1 mm in snout-vent length and the adult female 27.5 – 31.2 mm long. The skin of the dorsum is white-brown with darker spots and marks. The chin is brown. The iris is red in color. [4]
Scientists named this frog licin from the Malay language word for "smooth." This is because the frog has smooth skin. [4]
Scientists infer that this frog breeds in water-filled tree holes like its congeners. [1]
Theloderma licin has been recorded from the following locations mostly in Malaysia, and also in Thailand and Indonesia. It has been observed between 82 and 193 meters above sea level. [2] [6] [5] [7]
The IUCN classifies this frog as at least concern of extinction because of its large range and tolerance to habitat disruption. [1]
Theloderma, the bug-eyed frogs, mossy frogs or warty frogs, is a genus of frogs in the family Rhacophoridae, subfamily Rhacophorinae. They are found from northeastern India and southern China, through Southeast Asia, to the Greater Sunda Islands; the highest species richness is in Indochina. Some species, especially T. corticale, are sometimes kept in captivity.
The crab-eating frog is a frog native to south-eastern Asia including Taiwan, China, Sumatra in Indonesia, the Philippines and more rarely as far west as Orissa in India. It has also been introduced to Guam, most likely from Taiwan. It inhabits mangrove swamps and marshes and is one of 144 known modern amphibians which can tolerate brief excursions into seawater, and is possibly the only extant marine amphibian.
Theloderma asperum is a frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is also known as the pied warty frog, hill garden bug-eyed frog, or somewhat informally, bird poop frog. The frog can be found in the northeastern India, Burma, China, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam as well as Sumatra in Indonesia. However, because of confusion with Theloderma albopunctatum and Theloderma baibungense, it is known with certainty from its type locality in Peninsular Malaysia.
Glyphoglossus minutus, also known as the minute narrow-mouthed frog, is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. The specific name minutus alludes to the small size of this species. It is endemic to Peninsular Malaysia and only known from four localities in the state of Pahang: two inside the Taman Negara National Park, one in the Krau Wildlife Reserve, and Gunung Senyum. It probably occurs more widely in central Peninsular Malaysia.
Nyctixalus pictus, also known as cinnamon frog, cinnamon treefrog, cinnamon bush frog, painted Indonesian treefrog, and white-spotted treefrog, etc., is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is found in the Malay Peninsula, the Philippines, and parts of the Greater Sunda Islands.
Polypedates leucomystax is a species in the shrub frog family Rhacophoridae. It is known under numerous common names, including common tree frog, four-lined tree frog, golden tree frog or striped tree frog. Many past authors have united it with the common Indian tree frog in P. maculatus, but today they are generally considered distinct species. In its native range, it is also called "white-lipped tree frog", but this name is otherwise applied to a species of true tree frogs.
Polypedates macrotis, commonly known as the dark-eared treefrog, as well as the Bongao tree frog, Bongao bubble-nest frog, Baram whipping frog, or brown-striped tree frog, is a species of tree frog in the family Rhacophoridae. This species is found on the Malay Peninsula and Southern Thailand, Sumatra and Java (Indonesia), Borneo and parts of the Philippines, in addition to several smaller islands within the Coral Triangle ecoregion.
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Rhacophorus reinwardtii is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is variously known under the common names of black-webbed treefrog, green flying frog, Reinwardt's flying frog, or Reinwardt's treefrog. Before 2006, Rhacophorus reinwardtii and Rhacophorus kio were considered to be the same species. It is not considered threatened by the IUCN.
Theloderma horridum is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is found in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Theloderma leporosum is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is found in Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra (Indonesia).
Theloderma phrynoderma is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to Myanmar and known from two widely separated localities: Thao, its type locality in the Karen Hills in south-central Myanmar where it was collected by Leonardo Fea in 1888, and the Tanintharyi Nature Reserve in southern Myanmar near the Thai border where it was collected in 2009–2010. The common names Burmese bug-eyed frog, Burmese warted tree frog, and Tenasserim warty tree frog have been coined for it.
Ansonia jeetsukumarani is a species of toads in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Peninsular Malaysia and known from its type locality, Fraser's Hill, and from Sungai Pergau. It is named in honour of Jeet Sukumaran, a biologist who has worked with Malaysian amphibians.
Kaloula latidisca, also known as wide-disked narrow-mouthed frog, wide-disked painted frog, wide-disked bullfrog, Malaya painted bullfrog, Malayan painted bullfrog, and Malay painted sticky frog, is a species of frogs in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to the Malay Peninsula and occurs in southern Myanmar, Peninsular Thailand, and (northern) Peninsular Malaysia. The specific name latidisca refers to the comparatively wide finger discs of this frog. Kaloula latidisca is most similar to Kaloula baleata and Kaloula indochinensis.
Pulchrana centropeninsularis is a species of "true frog", family Ranidae. It is found in Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra (Indonesia). The specific name centropeninsularis refers to the area of its original discovery, the state of Pahang in the central Peninsular Malaysia. Later on, it has also been recorded in the province of Jambi in east-central Sumatra. Pulchrana centropeninsularis is a rare species known from few individuals only. Prior to its description, Pulchrana centropeninsularis was confused with Pulchrana siberu, its closest relative.
Theloderma truongsonense, the Truong Son bug-eyed frog, is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to Vietnam and Laos. It has been observed between 300 and 1300 meters above sea level.
Theloderma lateriticum, the brick-red bug-eyed frog, is a frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is native to Vietnam and China and has been observed 1130 meters above sea level.
Rhacophorus norhayatii, the orange-sided whipping frog, Norhayati's gliding frog, or Wallace's orange-sided tree frog, is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It has been observed in Malaysia, Myanmar, and Thailand, though scientists believe the Sumatran population may be another closely related specie.
Isau-Isau Wildlife Reserve is a nature reserve in South Sumatra, Indonesia. It is home to a large number of species, many of which are threatened or endangered. Formerly protected as Isau-Isau Pasemah Nature Reserve since 1978, the modern Wildlife Reserve was founded in 2014 and is managed by the Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BKSDA) of South Sumatra Province. The reserve is listed as IUCN Management Category IV.
Kurixalus chaseni, the frilled tree frog or Malay frilled tree frog, is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand, where it has been observed between 0 and 500 meters above sea level.