Timeline of the insurgency in Punjab

Last updated

The following timeline documents the insurgency in Punjab, India:

Punjab insurgency chronology outline
DateEventSource
March 1972Akalis routed in Punjab elections, Congress wins[ citation needed ]
17 October 1973 Akalis ask for their rights through Anandpur Sahib Resolution [ citation needed ]
25 April 1980 Gurbachan Singh of Sant Nirankari sect shot dead. [1]
2 June 1980Akalis lose election in Punjab [2]
16 Aug 1981Sikhs in Golden Temple meet foreign correspondents [3]
9 Sep 1981 Lala Jagat Narain, Editor, Hind Samachar group murdered. [4]
29 Sep 1981Sikh separatists are killed on an Indian Jetliner in Pakistan when they hijack it. [5]
19 November 1981Police Inspector Pritam Singh Bajwa and Constable Surat Singh of Jalandhar were gunned down in Daheru village in Ludhiana district. The terrorists, who were hiding in the house of Amarjit Singh Nihang, all managed to escape. This act gained Babbar Khalsa and its chief Talwinder Singh Parmar notoriety. Named in the first information report were Wadhawa Singh (current Babbar Khalsa chief, now residing in Pakistan), Talwinder Singh Parmar, Amarjit Singh Nihang, Amarjit Singh (Head Constable), Sewa Singh (Head Constable) and Gurnam Singh (Head Constable). [6]
11 Feb 1982US gives cisa to Jagjit Singh Chauhan [7]
11 Apr 1982US based Sikh activist G. S. Dhillon barred From India [8]
July 1982Protesting Sikhs storm the parliament after the inaction of authorities regarding the deaths of 34 Sikhs in police custody [9]
4 Aug 1982Akalis demand autonomy and additional regions for Punjab [10]
11 Oct 1982Sikhs stage protests at the Indian Parliament, members of the Pro-Autonomy Faction, belonging to the Shiromani Akali Dal attack with swords the building, killing four people, five wounded, and at least 60 policemen were said to be injured. The attack is in response of the deaths of 34 Sikhs in police custody in Punjab last month. [11] [12]
Nov 1982Longowal threatens to disrupt Asian Games [13]
27 Feb 1983Sikhs permitted to carry daggers in domestic flights [14]
23 April 1983Punjab Police Deputy Inspector General A. S. Atwal was shot dead as he left the Harmandir Sahib compound by a gunman from Bhindranwale's group
3 May 1983 Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, talks of violence being perpetuated against Sikhs and for India to understand [15]
18 June 1983A detective Inspector from Punjab police killed by Sikh militants [16]
14 July 1983Four policemen killed by Sikh militants in physical confrontation [16]
21 September 1983Senior superintendent of Police wounded and his guard killed by Sikh militants [16]
29 September 19835 Police constables killed by Sikh militants [16]
5 Oct 19836 Hindu passengers killed in 1983 Dhilwan bus massacre. [17] [16]
6 Oct 1983President's rule imposed in Punjab [16]
14 Oct 19832 people killed in a bombing at a Hindu festival in Chandigarh [18]
Oct 1983*Hindu pulled off a train and bus and killed [19]
mid-Oct 1983
  • Two people injured in a bomb blast on the outskirts of Chandigarh.
  • Two people were killed and more than 30 injured when grenades exploded in two theaters in Delhi.
  • 2 people were injured when a grenade went off in the New Delhi railway station.
 [18]
21 Oct 1983A passenger train was derailed and 2 agricultural labourers travelling were killed by Sikh militants [16]
18 Nov 1983A bus was hijacked and 4 passengers were killed by Sikh militants [16]
9 Feb 1984A wedding procession bombed [20]
14 Feb 1984Six policemen abducted from a post near Golden Temple and one of them killed.
14 Feb 1984More than 12 Sikhs killed in riots in Haryana [16]
19 Feb 1984Sikh-Hindu clashes spread in North India [21]
23 Feb 19843 Hindus killed and 24 injured by Sikh militants [22]
25 Feb 19841 Hindu killed in by Sikh militants, total 69 Hindus slayed over last 11 days [23]
28 Feb 1984President of Delhi Sikh Gurudwara Management Committee (DSGMC) H.S Manchada shot dead at ITO, Delhi [24]
29 Feb 1984By this time, the Sikh political centre had become the centre of the 19-month-old uprising by the Sikhs [25]
3 Apr 1984A prominent member of BJP, Harbans Lal Khanna, killed at Amritsar [26]
4 Apr 1984Professor V. N. Tiwari, a Rajya Sabha MP and father of Congress leader Manish Tewari was shot dead in Chandigarh while on a morning walk [27]
14 April 1984Surinder Singh Sodhi, follower of Bhindranwale, shot dead at a tea-stall outside the Golden Temple by a man and a woman [28]
15 April 1984Jasjit Singh, owner of the tea stall is shot and killed by two assailants. Co-conspirators Bachan Singh and Malik Singh Bhatia are killed inside the temple [29]
16 April 1984Discovery of the mutilated bodies of Surinder Singh Shinda alias Chhinda, and Baljit Kaur, the assassins of Surinder Singh Sodhi. [30]
12 May 1984Romesh Chander, son of Lala Jagat Narain, former Editor, Hind Samachar group murdered. [31]
27 May 1984Hindu politician killed in Ferozepur [32]
1 June 1984Army controls Punjab's security [33]
1 June 1984Total media and the press black out in Punjab, the rail, road and air services in Punjab suspended. Foreigners' and NRIs' entry was also banned and water and electricity supply cut off. [34] [35] [36]
5 June 1984Operation Blue Star to remove militants from Harmandir Sahib commences, Punjab shut-down from outside world. [37]
6 June 1984Daylong battle in temple [38] [39]
7 June 1984 Harmandir Sahib Overtaken by Indian Army [40]
7 June 1984 Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale was killed and golden temple was relieved by the Indian Army. [41]
8 June 198427 Sikhs killed in protests in Srinagar, Ludhiana, Amritsar after Government forces fired on protesters [42]
9 June 1984Weapons seized, troops fired on [43]
10 June 1984Reports of anti-Sikh riots and killings in Delhi [44]
11 June 1984Negotiators close to a settlement on waters [45]
24 August 19847 Sikh terrorists abduct 100 passengers in 1984 Indian Airlines Airbus A300 hijacking [46]
31 October 1984 Indira Gandhi assassinated [47]
1 November 1984 1984 anti-Sikh riots begin in Delhi [48]
3 November 1984Anti Sikh Violence a total of 2,733 Sikhs were killed [48]
23 June 1985 Air India Flight 182 was bombed by Sikh terrorists killing 329 people (including 22 crew members); almost all of them Hindus
20 August 1985 Harchand Singh Longowal assassinated [49]
29 September 198560% vote, Akali Dal won 73 of 115 seats, Barnala CM [50]
26 January 1986Sikhs have a global meeting and the rebuilding of Akal Takht declared as well as the five member Panthic Committee selected and have draft of the Constitution of Khalistan written [51]
29 April 1986Resolution of Khalistan passed by Sarbat Khalsa and Khalistan Commando Force also formed at Akal Takht with more than 80,000 Sikhs present. [52]
25 July 198614 Hindus and one Sikh passenger killed in the 1986 Muktsar Bus massacre by unidentified separatists [53]
30 November 198624 Hindu passengers killed in the 1986 Hoshiarpur Bus massacre by terrorists [54]
19 May 1987General Secretary CPI(M) Comrade Deepak Dhawan was brutally murdered at Village Sangha, Tarn Taran
14 June 1987Unidentified militants kill 25 in two attacks [55]
7 July 1987Unidentified terrorists attacked two buses, singled out and killed 70 Hindu bus passengers in 1987 Haryana killings [56] [57]
19 February 1988In Gurdaspur, Hoshiarpur and Patiala, bombs were exploded in courts by Babbar Khalsa. 12 to 13 persons killed and nearly 50 injured. [58]
2 April 1988Unidentified gunmen stormed into huts and houses across Punjab state and killed 37 people, Including seven children. [59]
12 May 1988 Operation Black Thunder II to remove militants from Harmandir Sahib [60]
20 May 1988A series of bombs allegedly planted by extremists exploded in Himachal Pradesh state buses. At least 10 people were killed. [61]
10 January 1990Senior Superintendent of Batala Police Gobind Ram killed in bomb blast in retaliation of police gang raping Sikh woman of Gora Choor village [62] [63]
16 June 199180 people killed on two trains by extremists [64]
17 October 1991 1991 Rudrapur bombings
25 February 1992Congress sweeps Punjab Assembly elections [65]
3 August 199229 hindus, first kidnapped and then killed by unidentified extremists in Uttarpradesh. [66]
7 January 1993Punjab's Biggest encounter done in village Chhichhrewal Tehsil Batala, 11 terrorists were encountered

[67]

1 March 1993 Gurbachan Singh Manochahal, the leader of is killed by the police. [68] [69]
3 September 1995CM Beant Singh killed in bomb blast [70]

See also

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References

  1. ↑ "Nirankari head Baba Gurbachan Singh shot dead".
  2. ↑ Mrs. Gandhi's Party Wins Easily In 8 of 9 States Holding Elections, The New York Times, 3 June 1980
  3. ↑ IN INDIA, SIKHS RAISE A CRY FOR INDEPENDENT NATION, MICHAEL T. KAUFMAN, THE NEW YORK TIMES, 16 August 1981
  4. ↑ GUNMEN SHOOT OFFICIAL IN A TROUBLED INDIAN STATE, THE NEW YORK TIMES, 18 October 1981
  5. ↑ Sikh Separatists murdered on Indian Jetliner to Pakistan, MICHAEL T. KAUFMAN, The New York Times 30 September 1981
  6. ↑ "The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Punjab". www.tribuneindia.com. May 20, 2001. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
  7. ↑ Two Visa Disputes Annoy and Intrigue India, MICHAEL T. KAUFMAN, The New York Times, 11 February 1982
  8. ↑ Sikh Separatist Is Barred From Visiting India, The New York Times, 11 April 1982
  9. ↑ "ANGRY SIKHS STORM INDIA'S ASSEMBLY BUILDING, WILLIAM K. STEVENS, THE NEW YORK TIMES, 12 October 1982". The New York Times . Retrieved 4 May 2019.
  10. ↑ The Sikh Diaspora: The Search for Statehood By Darshan Singh Tatla
  11. ↑ "4 DIE, MANY HURT, AS ANGRY SIKHS STORM INDIA'S ASSEMBLY BUILDING". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  12. ↑ "GTD ID:198210000012". Global Terrorism Database. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  13. ↑ Sikhs Raise the Ante at A Perilous Cost to India, WILLIAM K. STEVENS, The New York Times, 7 November 1982
  14. ↑ Concessions Granted to Sikhs By Mrs. Gandhi's Government, The New York Times, 28 February 1983
  15. ↑ SIKH HOLY LEADER TALKS OF VIOLENCE, WILLIAM K. STEVENSS, The New York Times, 3 May 1983
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Jeffrey, Robin (2016). What's Happening to India?: Punjab, Ethnic Conflict, and the Test for Federalism (2, Illustrated ed.). Springer. p. 167. ISBN   9781349234103 . Retrieved 5 November 2018.
  17. ↑ INDIAN GOVERNMENT TAKES OVER A STATE SWEPT BY RELIGIOUS STRIFE, WILLIAM K. STEVENS, 7 October 1983
  18. 1 2 WILLIAM K. STEVENS, The New York Times, "Mrs. Gandhi Says Terrorism Will Fail". 16 October 1983. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019.
  19. ↑ 11 PEOPLE KILLED IN PUNJAB UNREST, WILLIAM K. STEVENS, The New York Times, 23 February 1984
  20. ↑ General Strike Disrupts Punjab By SANJOY HAZARIKA, The New York Times, 9 February 1984;
  21. ↑ Sikh-Hindu Clashes Spread in North India, The New York Times, 19 February 1984
  22. ↑ "11 HINDUS KILLED IN PUNJAB UNREST". New York Times. 23 February 1984. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
  23. ↑ "Sikh-Hindu Violence Claims 6 More Lives". New York Times. 25 February 1984. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
  24. ↑ Sidhu, G.B.S (2020). The Khalistan Conspiracy. India: HarperCollins. p. 113. ISBN   978-9390327720.
  25. ↑ Sikh Temple: Words of Worship, Talk of Warfare, The New York Times, 29 February 1984
  26. ↑ Sidhu, G.B.S (2020). The Khalistan Conspiracy. India: HarperCollins. p. 113. ISBN   978-9390327720.
  27. ↑ Sidhu, G.B.S (2020). The Khalistan Conspiracy. India: HarperCollins. p. 113. ISBN   978-9390327720.
  28. ↑ "Around the World". The New York Times. 15 April 1984. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
  29. ↑ "Tension and terror envelop Golden Temple as extremists take over the complex". India Today. Retrieved 30 November 2023.
  30. ↑ 3 Sikh Activists Killed In Factional Fighting, The New York Times, 17 April 1984
  31. ↑ Sidhu, G.B.S (2020). The Khalistan Conspiracy. India: HarperCollins. p. 113. ISBN   978-9390327720.
  32. ↑ "5 More dies in continuing indian unrest". The New York Times. 27 May 1984.
  33. ↑ INDIAN ARMY TAKES OVER SECURITY IN PUNJAB AS NEW VIOLENCE FLARES, The New York Times, 3 June 1984
  34. ↑ Hamlyn, Michael (6 June 1984). "Journalists removed from Amritsar: Army prepares to enter Sikh shrine". The Times. p. 36.
  35. ↑ Tully, Mark (1985). Amritsar: Mrs Gandhi's Last Battle. Jonathan Cape.
  36. ↑ "Gun battle rages in Sikh holy shrine". The Times. 5 June 1984. p. 1.
  37. ↑ HEAVY FIGHTING REPORTED AT SHRINE IN PUNJAB, The New York Times, 5 June 1984
  38. ↑ INDIANS REPORT DAYLONG BATTLE AT SIKH TEMPLE, The New York Times, 6 June 1984
  39. ↑ "Correcting Previous Statement on Golden Temple". Congressional Record – Senate (US Government). 17 June 2004. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  40. ↑ 308 PEOPLE KILLED AS INDIAN TROOPS TAKE SIKH TEMPLE, The New York Times, 7 June 1984
  41. ↑ "SIKH CHIEFS: FUNDAMENTALIST PRIEST, FIREBRAND STUDENT AND EX-GENERAL New York Times, 8 June 1984". The New York Times . Retrieved 4 May 2019.
  42. ↑ SIKHS PROTESTING RAID ON SHRINE; 27 DIE IN RIOTS, The New York Times, 8 June 1984
  43. ↑ SIKHS IN TEMPLE HOLD OUT: MORE VIOLENCE IS REPORTED; 27 DIE IN RIOTS, The New York Times, 9 June 1984
  44. ↑ INDIAN GOVERNMENT TAKES ON SIKHS IN A BLOODY ENCOUNTER, The New York Times, 10 June 1984
  45. ↑ "The New York Times, 12 June 1984". The New York Times . Retrieved 4 May 2019.
  46. ↑ "INDIAN JET CARRYING Z264 HIJACKED TO PAKISTAN, REPORTEDLY BY SIKHS". New York Times. 1984. Archived from the original on 13 July 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  47. ↑ "GANDHI, SLAIN, IS SUCCEEDED BY SON; KILLING LAID TO 2 SIKH BODYGUARDS New York Times, 1 November 1984". The New York Times . Retrieved 4 May 2019.
  48. 1 2 Bedi, Rahul (1 November 2009). "Indira Gandhi's death remembered". BBC. Archived from the original on 2 November 2009. Retrieved 2 November 2009. The 25th anniversary of Indira Gandhi's assassination revives stark memories of some 3,000 Sikhs killed brutally in the orderly pogrom that followed her killing
  49. ↑ Religion and Nationalism in India: The Case of the Punjab, By Harnik Deol, Routledge, 2000
  50. ↑ TEMPLE Gandhi Hails A Loss in Punjab, The New York Times, 29 September 1985
  51. ↑ Tatla, Darsham (2009). The Sikh Diaspora: The Search For Statehood. London: Routledge. p. 277. ISBN   9781135367442.
  52. ↑ Mandair, Arvind-Pal (2013). Sikhism: A Guide for the Perplexed. A&C Black. p. 103. ISBN   9781441102317.
  53. ↑ Tempest, Rone (26 July 1986). "Suspected Sikh Terrorists Kill 15 on India Bus". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
  54. ↑ "TEMPLE EXTREMISTS HIJACK PUNJAB BUS AND KILL 24 PEOPLE". The New York Times. 1 December 1986. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
  55. ↑ "Sikh mili tanta kill 25 in two attacks". Apnews. 14 June 1987. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
  56. ↑ Hazarika, Sanjoy (8 July 1987). "34 Hindus Killed in New Bus Raids; Suspected". New York Times. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
  57. ↑ Singh, Tavleen; Khandekar, Sreekant (31 July 1987). "Terrorists kill bus passengers in Punjab and Haryana mercilessly". India Today.
  58. ↑ "Courts bombed in India's punjab". Washington Post. 20 February 1988.
  59. ↑ "Sikh militants kill 35 in year's worst violence". Apnews. 2 April 1988.
  60. ↑ Singh, Sarabjit (2002). Operation Black Thunder: An Eyewitness Account of Terrorism in Punjab. SAGE Publications. ISBN   9780761995968.
  61. ↑ "Sikhs blamed in bombing at shop in punjab". The New York Times. 20 June 1988.
  62. ↑ Mahmood, Cynthia (2011). Fighting for Faith and Nation: Dialogues with Sikh Militants. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 46. ISBN   9780812200171.
  63. ↑ Ghosh, S. K. (1995). Terrorism, World Under Siege. New Delhi: APH Publishing. p. 469. ISBN   9788170246657.
  64. ↑ Extremists in India Kill 80 on 2 Trains As Voting Nears End, The New York Times, 16 June 1991
  65. ↑ The Punjab Elections 1992: Breakthrough or Breakdown? Gurharpal Singh, Asian Survey, Vol. 32, No. 11 (Nov. 1992), pp. 988–999 JSTOR   2645266
  66. ↑ "29 hindus slain by suspected militants". Apnews. 3 August 1992.
  67. ↑ Gurharpal Singh, Asian Survey, Vol. 32, No. 11 (Nov. 1992), pp. 988–999 JSTOR   2645266
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  70. ↑ Burns, John F. (3 September 1995). "Assassination Reminds India That Sikh Revolt Is Still a Threat". The New York Times. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
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