Solomon was raised in Manchester before being accepted to study medicine at Wadham College,Oxford,followed by training at the John Radcliffe Hospital. As a house officer in 1990,he provided care for the children's author Roald Dahl,who had at the time been diagnosed with leukaemia. Their conversations became the foundation of Solomon's 2016 book titled Roald Dahl's Marvellous Medicine,in which he explores the impact of medicine on Dahl's life.
Solomon has set two Guinness World Records,one for running the fastest marathon dressed as a doctor in 2010,and another for forming a human model of the brain in 2016. His science communication work as the "Running Mad Professor" raises awareness of emerging brain infections,as well as helping raise funds for charity. In 2021 he received a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) for his contributions to the study of emerging viruses.
In 1990,Solomon was appointed house officer to David Weatherall,haematologist in the Nuffield Department of Medicine at the John Radcliffe.[7][8] There,while writing up his research on malaria,during his one in three nights on-call,he met the children's author Roald Dahl,who had at the time been diagnosed with leukaemia,was terminally ill,and came to be under the care of Weatherall's team.[7] Their conversions would one day become the foundation of Solomon's book titled Roald Dahl's Marvellous Medicine.[7][8]
In his late 20s,Solomon was awarded a Wellcome Trust scholarship to the Oxford University Clinical Research Unit in Vietnam (1994-1997),where he researched and contributed to efforts concerning the country's Japanese encephalitis epidemic.[2] There,he completed his PhD on central nervous system infections,under the supervision of Nicholas White.[2] His research demonstrated that the Japanese encephalitis virus can lead to an illness that causes leg paralysis,which may be mistakenly diagnosed as polio.[9][10]
In 1998,Solomon became clinical lecturer in neurological science at the University of Liverpool with honorary positions in the Department of Medical Microbiology and at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine.[11] With the support of a Wellcome Trust Career Development Fellowship (1998–2004),he trained in arbovirology (the study of viruses transmitted by arthropods,such as mosquitoes) at the University of Texas Medical Branch,Galveston,Texas,with virologist Alan D. T. Barrett.[12] On the origin and evolution of Japanese encephalitis,his team examined genetic sequencing data of virus isolates,finding that all genotypes of the Japanese encephalitis virus are present in the Indonesia-Malaysia region,whereas only recently evolved genotypes circulate elsewhere.[13]
Later career
In 2000 Solomon highlighted the importance of dengue,a mosquito-borne virus,as a cause of neurological disease.[14] In 2005 he was appointed clinical senior lecturer in neurological science at the University of Liverpool and was awarded a UK Medical Research Council Senior Clinical Fellowship to continue his studies on brain infections.[15] His research has also included an investigation that found that some children in Malawi,a country where malaria is endemic,who had died of malaria were actually infected with the rabies virus.[16]
In 2007 Solomon was appointed professor of neurological science.[11] In the same year he founded the annual Liverpool Neurological Infectious Diseases Course.[17][18] From 2010 to 2017 he was director of the Institute of Infection and Global Health.[19] In 2014 he was appointed director of the UK Government's National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections.[19] This unit works on a number of emerging infections,including the Ebola,Zika virus disease,and COVID-19.[2] Other infections he has researched include enterovirus 71,which causes hand foot and mouth disease and encephalitis.[20] Alongside his colleagues in Liverpool,he had a key role in the national response to the COVID-19 pandemic.[1] In 2022 Solomon was appointed director of the Pandemic Institute.[21][22][23]
In 2019 he was elected to the RCP council.[24][25] Three years later he was appointed a RCP censor.[26] In 2024,Solomon was elected as its academic vice president.[27] He was a candidate in the presidential election in 2025. During the campaign,Solomon received a formal warning in March 2025 from the RCP for multiple breaches of its election code of practice by "canvassing via the media" and "publishing embargoed election materials prior to publishing by the RCP".[28] He finished second to Mumtaz Patel in the election with 1,557 votes.[29]
Science communication and public engagement
As the "Running Mad Professor" he has increased awareness of encephalitis,whilst also helping to raise funds for the Encephalitis Society,for which he Chairs the Professional Advisory Panel.[2][4] At the 2010 London Marathon he set a Guinness World Record for the fastest marathon dressed as a doctor.[1] In 2012 he was an Olympic torch bearer.[2] He has given numerous public lectures,including the Shrewsbury School Scholars Day Lecture,2012,and the Emry's Jones Lecture at Merchant Taylors' School.[30][31] To increase public and patient involvement in the Institute of Infection and Global Health,he established the Saturday Science Programme at World Museum Liverpool.[32]
At TEDx Liverpool 2014,he gave a talk on "Sex,Drugs and Emerging Viruses",[33] appearing alongside Beermat Entrepreneur Mike Southon,and educationalist Sir Ken Robinson.[34] To mark the first World Encephalitis Day,creation of the Encephalitis Society,he initiated the "World's Biggest Brain",winning a Guinness World Record for the largest human image of an organ in 2016.[1]
Solomon also writes for The Guardian and The Independent newspapers and The Conversation on issues relating to biomedical science,particularly on emerging infections,neuroscience,and women in science,[35][36][37][38] and appears on television and radio. He discussed the threat to the UK of Ebola virus with Andrew Neal on BBC Television's The Sunday Politics.[39] On BBC Radio 4's Great Lives he discussed the children's author Roald Dahl,whose fascination with medical science impacted both on his life and his writing.[40][41]
Solomon's conversions with Dahl during his early years as a newly qualified physician formed the basis of his book Roald Dahl's Marvellous Medicine.[7] It was published in 2016 and explores the impact of medicine on Dahl's life, including his role in developing the Wade-Dahl-Till valve to treat his son Theo's hydrocephalus after a serious head injury.[42] It also addresses the death of his daughter Olivia, his work in stroke rehabilitation following his first wife Patricia Neal's illness, and his 1986 open letter advocating for measles vaccination amid UK outbreaks.[7] The book further connects these experiences to his children's stories, suggesting that The BFG's distinctive speech patterns may have been influenced by Neal's post-stroke language.[42]
Solomon, Tom; Dung, Nguyen Minh; Vaughn, David W.; Kneen, Rachel; Thao, Le Thi Thu; Raengsakulrach, Boonyos; Loan, Ha Thi; Day, Nicholas PJ; Farrar, Jeremy; Myint, Khin SA; Warrell, Mary J.; James, William S.; Nisalak, Amanda; White, Nicholas J. (25 March 2000). "Neurological manifestations of dengue infection". The Lancet. 355 (9209): 1053–1059. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02036-5. ISSN0140-6736. PMID10744091. (Co-author)
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