Total Defence (Singapore)

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Total Defence is Singapore's whole-of-society national defence concept, based on the premise that every aspect of society contributes to the collective defence of the state.

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The strategy was first introduced in 1984 and adopted from the national defence strategies of Sweden and Switzerland. It initially consisted of five key tenets; military, civil, economic, social, and psychological, with the sixth, digital, being introduced in 2019. The strategy was amplified by the government slogan: There's A Part For Everyone, with a corresponding national song named after it when first introduced.

Total Defence Day is commemorated on 15 February annually, the day colonial Singapore surrendered to Japan in 1942 during World War II.

Total Defence logo as of 2020 Total Defence Logo 2020.svg
Total Defence logo as of 2020
Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg
Public Warning System siren
The Public Warning System is run by the Singapore Civil Defence Force and sounded annually on Total Defence Day.
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  1. ↑ As 15 February 1998 was a Sunday, schools commemorated the day on Friday, 13 February instead. [54]

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References

  1. ↑ "Driving home message of Total Defence". Business Times. 3 April 1984. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  2. ↑ "Questions on total defence of Singapore". The Straits Times. 11 March 1983. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  3. ↑ "All should rise to call of defence". The Straits Times. 17 March 1983. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  4. ↑ "Citizens urged to uphold total defence". Business Times. 17 March 1983. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  5. ↑ Boey, Caroline (24 June 1983). "Dr Yeo on why total defence is a must". Singapore Monitor. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  6. ↑ "Mr Chua Sian Chin reveals plans to prepare Singapore in case of war". Singapore Monitor. 24 September 1983. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  7. ↑ Jacob, Paul; Wai, Ronnie (6 January 1984). "Your say in our defence Our defence must be total – Chok Tong". The Straits Times. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  8. ↑ "ACCORD to seek support for total defence concept". Business Times. 6 January 1984. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  9. 1 2 3 "Total Defence". Singapore Monitor. 22 January 1984. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  10. 1 2 Wai, Ronnie; Chew, Lillian; Jacob, Paul (22 January 1984). "Total Defence – What it means". The Straits Times. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  11. ↑ Ee, Boon Lee (22 January 1984). "We must be ready". Singapore Monitor. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  12. ↑ Wai, Ronnie (22 January 1984). "Mindef gets everyone to rally round". The Straits Times. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  13. ↑ "Totally for Total Defence". Singapore Monitor. 26 February 1984. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  14. ↑ Toh, Su Fen (27 February 1984). "First ever seminar on total defence to be held at constituency level in Singapore". Singapore Monitor. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  15. ↑ Loong, Swee Yin (2 March 1984). "Total defence message for the grassroots". Singapore Monitor. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  16. ↑ "Watch out for the Total Defence jingle". Singapore Monitor. 3 April 1984. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  17. 1 2 "Search for Total Defence logo". Singapore Monitor. 8 May 1985. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  18. 1 2 Baharudin, Hariz (15 February 2019). "Digital defence to be sixth pillar of Total Defence". The Straits Times. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  19. ↑ Zhang, Jane (1 February 2021). "Make climate the 7th pillar of Total Defence: Seah Kian Peng". Mothership. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  20. ↑ Ong, Justin (30 January 2021). "First climate change motion to be debated in the House next week". The Straits Times. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
  21. ↑ Baharudin, Hariz (14 February 2019). "Digital Defence to be sixth Total Defence pillar, signalling importance of cyber security". The Straits Times. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  22. ↑ Lim, Min Zhang (14 February 2021). "Covid-19 pandemic reaffirmed Total Defence as vital to Singapore: Ng Eng Hen". The Straits Times. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  23. ↑ Hussain, Zakir (18 March 2016). "Singapore to step up its strategy to counter terrorism as threat of attack rises: Shanmugam". The Straits Times. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  24. ↑ Tan, Tam Mei (18 February 2019). "Singapore Budget 2019: 30 per cent of total spending set aside for defence, security and diplomacy efforts". The Straits Times. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  25. ↑ Neo, Loo Seng. "Singapore's Total Defence: Overcoming Complacency". S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  26. 1 2 3 4 "Factsheet - About Total Defence" (PDF). Ministry of Defence. National Archives of Singapore. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  27. ↑ "Total Defence vital to S'pore's well-being: Ng Eng Hen". TODAY. 15 February 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  28. ↑ Mohan, Matthew (1 March 2019). "'Significant and steady investments' in defence required to keep Singapore's future secure: Ng Eng Hen". Channel News Asia. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  29. ↑ Abuza, Zachary (24 July 2019). "Huge army spend is self-serving folly". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  30. ↑ Parameswaran, Prashanth (24 February 2020). "What Does Singapore's New Defense Budget Say About the Country's Security Thinking?". The Diplomat. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  31. ↑ "Many still in the dark about the front-line roles of our reservists". Singapore Monitor. 21 March 1985. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  32. ↑ Ng, Keng Gene (3 September 2020). "IPPT, ICT to resume progressively from October; NSmen returning for training will get tested for Covid-19". The Straits Times. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  33. ↑ "Better workplaces with National Service-friendly policies". The Straits Times. 6 January 2021. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  34. ↑ Lim, Min Zhang (15 February 2021). "Total Defence Day: SCDF front-liner keeps going in challenging times". The Straits Times. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  35. 1 2 Ho, Olivia (20 February 2021). "Total defence will help Singapore get through coronavirus outbreak: Chan Chun Sing". The Straits Times. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  36. ↑ "Blood donations a shared responsibility in fostering a strong Singapore". The Straits Times. 16 August 2016. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  37. 1 2 "United we stand, divided we fall". TODAY. 14 February 2018. Retrieved 24 April 2021.
  38. ↑ "Enhance your employability over the horizon". gov.sg. Retrieved 24 April 2021.
  39. ↑ Lam, Lydia (17 March 2020). "Singapore has months' worth of stockpiles, planned for disruption of supplies from Malaysia for years: Chan Chun Sing". CNA. Retrieved 24 April 2021.
  40. ↑ "Building up Singapore's stockpiles of food and essential supplies". The Straits Times. 25 October 2020. Retrieved 24 April 2021.
  41. ↑ Aw, Cheng Wei (5 October 2020). "Parliament: Keep calm and diversify supply chain to ride out coronavirus outbreak, says Chee Hong Tat". The Straits Times. Retrieved 24 April 2021.
  42. ↑ Aw, Cheng Wei (5 March 2020). "No amount of stockpiling will help if residents don't keep calm". The Straits Times. Retrieved 24 April 2021.
  43. ↑ Abdul Rahman, Muhammad Faizal (25 July 2019). "Foreign influence ops are a reality, but Singaporeans shouldn't overreact". The Straits Times. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
  44. ↑ Ong, Wei Chong. "Singapore's Total Defence: Shaping The Pillars". S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
  45. ↑ Yuen, Sin (28 April 2020). "Religious leaders pledge to maintain solidarity and strengthen social defence amid Covid-19 crisis". The Straits Times. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
  46. 1 2 Teo, Dominic (15 February 2016). "Boosting social bonds 'vital part of Total Defence'". The Straits Times. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
  47. 1 2 Koh, Fabian (15 February 2021). "S'poreans banded together in spirit, actions in strong show of Total Defence against Covid-19: Zaqy Mohammad". The Straits Times. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  48. 1 2 Aw, Cheng Wei (15 February 2018). "Drive to build up social, psychological defences". The Straits Times. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
  49. ↑ Phua, Rachel (14 October 2020). "Jobs, mental health and the environment: What MPs said in the debate on Singapore's post-pandemic strategy". CNA. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
  50. ↑ "Building a country's digital defence". GovInsider. 14 August 2020. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
  51. ↑ Mohit, Sagar (17 February 2019). "Mr Iswaran launches digital defence campaign at the Total Defence Commemoration". OpenGov Asia. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
  52. ↑ Loh, Victor (26 February 2019). "The Big Read: As more cyberattacks loom, Singapore has a weak 'first line of defence'". Channel NewsAsia. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
  53. ↑ "Special dates to note". The New Paper. 17 May 1997. Mark these dates. They will be added to the school's calendar of days to commemorate. They include: Total Defence Day on Feb 15.
  54. ↑ "Pupils find the 'taste of war' quite tasteless". The Straits Times. 14 February 1998.
  55. ↑ "Sirens". The New Paper. 14 February 1998. On Sunday at noon, the sirens of the Public Warning System will sound island-wide for one minute. This is in conjunction with total defence day, to mark the fall of Singapore to the Japanese during World War II.
  56. ↑ Kumar, Chitra (12 February 2016). "SCDF to sound Public Warning System on Feb 15, in support of Total Defence Day". The Straits Times. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  57. ↑ Chua, Clarice (3 February 2020). "7 Total Defence Day Activities That Every Singaporean Kid From The 90s Used To Do". The Smart Local. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  58. ↑ "Minister for Defence Dr Ng Eng Hen's 2021 Total Defence Day Message". MINDEF Singapore. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  59. ↑ Rashith, Rahimah (19 February 2018). "War memorial service pays tribute to civilian victims". The Straits Times. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  60. ↑ "Remembering civilian victims of Japanese Occupation". The Straits Times. 16 February 2019. Retrieved 10 June 2020.
  61. ↑ Yong, Clement (15 February 2021). "50 gather at war memorial to remember victims of Japanese occupation, launch e-book". The Straits Times. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  62. ↑ "Big total defence logo contest for all". The Straits Times. 8 May 1985. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  63. ↑ "Search for logo to express total defence". Business Times. 8 May 1985. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  64. ↑ "This may be the most important contest you ever get involved in". The Straits Times. 17 May 1985. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
  65. ↑ "Free trip to China for logo contest winner". The Straits Times. 12 July 1985. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  66. ↑ "One of these four will be symbol of Total Defence". The Straits Times. 30 July 1985. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  67. ↑ "Total Defence". Singapore Graphics Archive. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  68. ↑ "Pride is seeing your work marched past". The Straits Times. 10 August 1985. Retrieved 5 May 2021.
  69. ↑ "Fact Sheet: Total Defence Logo". MINDEF Singapore. Retrieved 10 June 2020.
  70. ↑ Lim, Clara Grimonia (17 September 2019). "First-ever redesign of Total Defence logo open to public". AsiaOne. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  71. ↑ Cheung, Rainer (7 January 2020). "Big winners of Total Defence logo competition went with their heart". AsiaOne. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  72. ↑ Chia, Osmond (17 February 2020). "Arrowing a winner: Total Defence gets new logo". The New Paper. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  73. ↑ "Minister Chan Chun Sing: Total Defence is Singapore's Best Response to Evolving Challenges". MINDEF Singapore. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  74. ↑ "Fact Sheet: Evolution and History of Total Defence over the past 35 years". MINDEF Singapore. Retrieved 10 June 2020.
  75. ↑ Teo, Dominic (16 February 2016). "See how Total Defence Day has evolved through the years". The Straits Times. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
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Total Defence
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese 全面防衛
Simplified Chinese 全面防卫