A leaf miner is any one of numerous species of insects in which the larval stage lives in, and eats, the leaf tissue of plants. The vast majority of leaf-mining insects are moths (Lepidoptera), sawflies, and flies (Diptera). Some beetles also exhibit this behavior.
Gracillariidae is an important family of insects in the order Lepidoptera and the principal family of leaf miners that includes several economic, horticultural or recently invasive pest species such as the horse-chestnut leaf miner, Cameraria ohridella.
Nepticulidae is a family of very small moths with a worldwide distribution. They are characterised by eyecaps over the eyes. These pigmy moths or midget moths, as they are commonly known, include the smallest of all living moths, with a wingspan that can be as little as 3 mm in the case of the European pigmy sorrel moth, but more usually 3.5–10 mm. The wings of adult moths are narrow and lanceolate, sometimes with metallic markings, and with the venation very simplified compared to most other moths.
A family of primitive monotrysian moths in the order Lepidoptera, Heliozelidae are small, metallic day-flying moths with shiny smooth heads. In Europe the small adult moths are seldom noticed as they fly quite early in the spring. The larvae are leaf miners and the vacated leaf mines are distinctive because the larva leaves a large hole at the end.
Prunella vulgaris, the common self-heal, heal-all, woundwort, heart-of-the-earth, carpenter's herb, brownwort or blue curls, is a herbaceous plant in the mint family Lamiaceae.
Elachista argentella is a moth of the family Elachistidae found in all of Europe, except the Balkan Peninsula.
The rose leaf miner is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found in all of Europe, east to the eastern part of the Palearctic realm.
Stigmella hybnerella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found in all of Europe, in North Africa, the Near East, and the eastern part of the Palearctic realm.
Leucoptera malifoliella, the pear leaf blister moth, ribbed apple leaf miner or apple leaf miner, is a moth of the Lyonetiidae family that can be found in all of Europe.
Roeslerstammia erxlebella is a moth of the family Yponomeutidae. It is found in all of Europe, east to Japan.
Bedellia somnulentella, the sweet potato leaf miner, is a moth in the family Bedelliidae.
Phyllonorycter coryli, or nut leaf blister moth, is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is found most of Europe, except the Balkan Peninsula.
Incurvaria praelatella is a moth of the family Incurvariidae. It is found in all of Europe, except the Iberian Peninsula.
Phyllonorycter emberizaepenella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is found in all of Europe, except the Iberian Peninsula and the Balkan Peninsula.
Phyllonorycter junoniella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from all of Europe, except Ireland, the Iberian Peninsula and the Balkan Peninsula.
Phyllocnistis unipunctella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from all of Europe.
Caloptilia betulicola, the red birch slender, is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is found from Scandinavia and the north of European Russia to the Pyrenees and Alps and from Ireland to Poland and Slovakia. In the east it is found up to China, Japan and the Russian Far East.
Caloptilia falconipennella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from all of Europe, except the Balkan Peninsula.
Parectopa ononidis is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from all of Europe, except Ireland and the Balkan Peninsula.
Coleophora albitarsella is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found in most of Europe, but has not been recorded from Ireland and Greece.
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