U.S. Army General Hospital No. 1 | |
---|---|
U.S. Army Medical Department | |
Geography | |
Location | Columbia Oval (Gun Hill Road and Bainbridge Avenue), Norwood, The Bronx [1] , New York, United States |
Coordinates | 40°52′52″N73°52′35″W / 40.881025°N 73.876501°W |
Organization | |
Care system | U.S. Army Medical Department |
Funding | Government hospital |
Type | General |
Affiliated university | Columbia University |
Services | |
Beds | Over 1,000 [1] |
History | |
Former name(s) | Columbia War Hospital |
Opened | July 1917 |
Closed | October 15, 1919 [2] |
Links | |
Lists | Hospitals in New York |
Other links |
U.S. Army General Hospital No. 1, also known as Columbia War Hospital, was a World War I era field hospital built by Columbia University on the Columbia Oval property in Norwood, The Bronx. The hospital was used as a medical training facility, a model for military field hospitals, and for long-term treatment of patients. [3]
The property that the hospital was built on was an athletic field owned by Columbia University called "Columbia Oval". The hospital property was in what was then considered part of the Williamsbridge neighborhood. The location is now part of the Norwood neighborhood. Columbia Oval was the finish line of the first marathon within the United States, in 1896. [4] The marathon was won by John McDermott, a year before he won the first Boston Marathon in 1897. [4]
The Columbia War Hospital was conceived by the head of Columbia's Department of Urology, J. Bentley Squier in March, 1917 [5] [1] Construction began the following month, and the hospital was ready to admit patients by May 30, 1917. [1]
The hospital was renamed by the army to "United States Army General Hospital No. 1" in August, 1917. [6] The hospital was transferred over to Colonel E. R. Schreiner of the United States Army on October 3, 1917, in a ceremony conducted by Columbia university's president Nicholas Murray Butler. [3]
The hospital had additional facilities in: [1]
The hospital was closed on October 15, 1919. [2] After the end of the war, the 54 buildings that made up the Columbia Oval site were razed. [7] Former patients who required long-term care after the closing of the hospital were transferred to the care of Montefiore Medical Center. [7] In October 1922, the 19-acre site was auctioned by the university as 225 separate lots for a total of $351,950 (equivalent to $6.2 million in 2022). [10] [11] One of the streets created on the former field is named "Kings College Place", after Columbia University's original name. [7]
Woodlawn Heights, also known as Woodlawn, is a predominantly Irish-American working class neighborhood at the very north end of the borough of the Bronx in New York City. It is bounded by McLean Avenue to the north, the Bronx River to the east, Woodlawn Cemetery to the south, and Van Cortlandt Park to the west. Woodlawn Heights remains one of the few areas in New York City that still has young Irish immigrants still arriving to the area en masse.
Baychester is a neighborhood geographically located in the northeast part of the Bronx, New York City. Its boundaries are East 222nd Street to the northeast, the New England Thruway (I-95) to the east, Gun Hill Road to the southwest, and Boston Road to the northwest. Eastchester Road is the primary thoroughfare through Baychester.
Allerton is a working-class neighborhood geographically located in the East Bronx section of the Bronx, New York City. It is named in honor of Daniel Allerton, an early Bronx settler who purchased and farmed this area with his wife Hustace. It consists of two subsections called Bronxwood and Laconia. Its boundaries, starting from the north and moving clockwise, are Adee Avenue, Boston Road, and Gun Hill Road to the northeast; the IRT Dyre Avenue Line to the east; Waring Avenue to the south; and Bronx River Parkway to the west. White Plains Road and Boston Road are the primary thoroughfares through Allerton.
Norwood, also known as Bainbridge, is a working-class residential neighborhood in the northwest Bronx, New York City. It is bound by Van Cortlandt Park and Woodlawn Cemetery to the north, the Bronx River to the east, and Mosholu Parkway to the southwest. The area is dominated topographically by what was once Valentine's Hill, the highest point being near the intersection of 210th Street and Bainbridge Avenue, where Gun Hill Road intersects, and around the Montefiore Medical Center, the largest landowner and employer of the neighborhood. Norwood's main commercial arteries are Gun Hill Road, Jerome Avenue, Webster Avenue, and Bainbridge Avenue.
Williamsbridge is a neighborhood geographically located in the north-central portion of the Bronx in New York City. Its boundaries, starting from the north and moving clockwise are East 222nd Street to the north, Boston Road to the east, East Gun Hill Road to the south, and the Bronx River to the west. White Plains Road is the primary thoroughfare through Williamsbridge.
Bedford Park is a residential neighborhood in the northwest Bronx, New York City, adjacent to the New York Botanical Garden. Its boundaries, starting from the north and moving clockwise are: Mosholu Parkway to the north, Webster Avenue to the east, East 196th Street to the south, and Jerome Avenue to the west.
Eastchester is a working-class neighborhood in the northeast Bronx in New York City. Its boundaries, starting from the north and moving clockwise are the Bronx-Westchester County border to the north, the New England Thruway to the east, Baychester Avenue to the south, and the intersection of 233rd Street and Baychester Avenue to the west. Boston Road is the primary thoroughfare through Eastchester and Dyre Avenue is the main commercial street. Eastchester includes the sub-neighborhood of Edenwald.
The Norwood–205th Street station is the northern terminal station on the IND Concourse Line of the New York City Subway. Located in Norwood, Bronx, it is served by the D train at all times. Due to changes in the street grid of the neighborhood, the station has exits to East 205th Street and Perry Avenue, as well as to East 206th Street and Bainbridge Avenue.
Montefiore Medical Center is a premier academic medical center and the primary teaching hospital of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in the Bronx, New York City. Its main campus, the Henry and Lucy Moses Division, is located in the Norwood section of the northern Bronx. It is named for Moses Montefiore and is one of the 50 largest employers in New York. In 2020, Montefiore was ranked No. 6 New York City metropolitan area hospitals by U.S. News & World Report. Adjacent to the main hospital is the Children's Hospital at Montefiore, which serves infants, children, teens, and young adults aged 0–21.
Gun Hill Road is a major thoroughfare in the New York City borough of the Bronx. The road stretches for 3.5 miles (5.6 km) from Mosholu Parkway in Norwood to Stillwell Avenue in Baychester, near an exit for the Hutchinson River Parkway. Van Cortlandt Park and the Mosholu Golf Course are both located at the western terminus of Gun Hill Road.
Williamsbridge Reservoir was a natural lake measuring 13.1 acres (5.3 ha) just south of Van Cortlandt Park in the Bronx, New York. Specifically the body of water was located at 208th Street and Bainbridge Avenue. It was shaped like a saucer and was normally 41 feet (12 m) deep. Its water level dropped approximately 14 feet (4.3 m) in mid-August 1901. On April 3, 1934 Commissioner of Water Supply, Gas and Electricity, Maurice P. Davidson, proposed that it be offered to Robert Moses to be used as a park site. The reservoir had ceased to be used after 1919.
The Keeper's House at Williamsbridge Reservoir is a historic home located in the Borough of the Bronx in New York City. It was built in 1889 as part of the Williamsbridge Reservoir complex. It is a 2+1⁄2-story, L-shaped stone house. The stones used to build the house were pieces of granite taken from the excavation of the reservoir it was to serve. It is 5,000 square feet (460 m2) in size and has a slate-covered gable roof with a clay tile roof ridge and copper gutters.
The Parish of St. Ann-St. Brendan is a parish of the Archdiocese of New York located in the Bronx, New York. It was created on August 1, 2015, by the merger of two previous parishes, the Shrine Church of St. Ann and the Parish of St. Brendan.
The Williamsbridge Oval is a park located in Norwood, Bronx, New York City. It is listed in the National Register of Historic Places.
The following is a timeline of the history of the borough of the Bronx in New York City, New York, United States.
NYC Health + Hospitals/North Central Bronx, better known as North Central Bronx Hospital, is a municipal hospital founded in 1976 and operated by NYC Health + Hospitals. The 17 story Brutalist style building is located next to the Montefiore Medical Center in the Norwood neighborhood of The Bronx in New York City.
Norwood News is a bi-weekly newspaper that primarily serves the Northwest Bronx neighborhoods of Norwood, Bedford Park, Fordham and University Heights. It was founded in October 1988 by the Mosholu Preservation Corporation, a not-for-profit affiliate of Montefiore Medical Center. It has won a number of awards, including the New York Press Club award for community coverage. Its current editor-in-chief, Síle Moloney, has been with the newspaper since 2019.
The Children's Hospital at Montefiore (CHAM) is a nationally ranked pediatric acute care children's teaching hospital located in the Bronx, New York. The hospital has 193 pediatric beds and is affiliated with the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. The hospital is a member of the Montefiore health network and is the only children's hospital in the network. The hospital provides comprehensive pediatric specialties and subspecialties to infants, children, teens, and young adults aged 0–21 throughout the Bronx and New York state. Children's Hospital at Montefiore also sometimes treats adults that require pediatric care. While CHAM does have a pediatric emergency department, they do not have a pediatric trauma center and sends all pediatric trauma cases to the nearby Jacobi Medical Center's level II pediatric trauma center. The Children's Hospital at Montefiore is one of the largest providers of pediatric health services in New York state. The hospital is attached to Montefiore Medical Center and is affiliated with the Ronald McDonald House of New York.
Westchester Square Medical Center, located in Westchester Square, opened in 1930 as Westchester Square Hospital, and currently houses an emergency room, operating rooms, and offices for Montefiore Medical Center.