| UN Security Council Resolution 1113 | |
|---|---|
Tajik Aluminium Company in Tursunzoda, Tajikistan | |
| Date | 12 June 1997 |
| Meeting no. | 3,788 |
| Code | S/RES/1113 (Document) |
| Subject | The situation in Tajikistan and along the Tajik-Afghan border |
Voting summary | 15 voted for None voted against None abstained |
| Result | Adopted |
| Security Council composition | |
Permanent members | |
Non-permanent members | |
United Nations Security Council resolution 1113, adopted unanimously on 12 June 1997, after recalling all resolutions on the situation in Tajikistan and the Tajik-Afghan border, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission of Observers in Tajikistan (UNMOT) for a period of three months until 15 September 1997. [1]
A United Nations Security Council resolution is a UN resolution adopted by the fifteen members of the Security Council; the UN body charged with "primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security".
Tajikistan, officially the Republic of Tajikistan, is a mountainous, landlocked country in Central Asia with an area of 143,100 km2 (55,300 sq mi) and an estimated population of 8.7 million people as of 2016. It is bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east. The traditional homelands of the Tajik people include present-day Tajikistan as well as parts of Afghanistan and Uzbekistan.
Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in South-Central Asia. Afghanistan is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east; Iran in the west; Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan in the north; and in the far northeast, China. Its territory covers 652,000 square kilometers (252,000 sq mi) and much of it is covered by the Hindu Kush mountain range, which experiences very cold winters. The north consists of fertile plains, while the south-west consists of deserts where temperatures can get very hot in summers. Kabul serves as the capital and its largest city.
Contents
The resolution reaffirmed the sovereignty, territorial integrity of Tajikistan and the inviolability of its borders. On 8 March 1997 the Government of Tajikistan and United Tajik Opposition (UTO) signed a protocol on military issues. This was followed on 18 and 28 May 1997 by protocols on political issues and guarantees the implementation of the peace agreement respectively. At the same time it was noted that the aforementioned agreements provided for the assistance of the international community and the United Nations, while concern was expressed at the deteriorating humanitarian and security situation in Tajikistan. United Nations staff and military observers returned to Tajikistan on 12 May 1997 after previously being evacuated. [2]
Sovereignty is the full right and power of a governing body over itself, without any interference from outside sources or bodies. In political theory, sovereignty is a substantive term designating supreme authority over some polity.
Territorial integrity is the principle under international law that prohibits states from the use of force against the "territorial integrity or political independence" of another state. It is enshrined in Article 2(4) of the UN Charter and has been recognized as customary international law. Conversely it states that imposition by force of a border change is an act of aggression. It is a political term, for example when applied to a nation-state like Iraq, which has borders which were imposed at the end of WWI.
The United Tajik Opposition (UTO) was an alliance of democratic, nationalist and Islamist forces that officially banded together in 1993, after the most violent phase of the Tajik Civil War. The UTO fought against the pro-communist and Khujandi/Kulyabi government forces led by Emomali Rahmon, formerly Emomali Rakhmonov.
Both parties were called upon to fully implement the peace agreements and to sign the [[Tajikistani Civil War}General Agreement on the Establishment of Peace and National Accord in Tajikistan]]. This would require commitment from both parties and support from the United Nations and international community The parties were also urged to guarantee the freedom of movement and safety of UNMOT, the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) peacekeeping force and other international personnel. Finally, the Secretary-General Kofi Annan was requested to keep the Council informed on developments in the country as soon as possible, particularly on the role of the United Nations presence and adjustment of UNMOT's mandate.
Freedom of movement, mobility rights, or the right to travel is a human rights concept encompassing the right of individuals to travel from place to place within the territory of a country, and to leave the country and return to it. The right includes not only visiting places, but changing the place where the individual resides or works.
The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) is a regional intergovernmental organization of 10 post-Soviet republics in Eurasia formed following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. It has an area of 20,368,759 km² and has an estimated population of 239,796,010. The CIS encourages cooperation in economical, political and military affairs and has certain powers to coordinate trade, finance, lawmaking and security. It has also promoted cooperation on cross-border crime prevention.
Peacekeeping refers to activities intended to create conditions that favour lasting peace. Research generally finds that peacekeeping reduces civilian and battlefield deaths and reduces the risk of renewed warfare.
