United Nations Security Council Resolution 1125

UN Security Council ; Resolution 1125
	The Central African Republic
Date	6 August 1997
Meeting no.	3,808
Code	S/RES/1125 (Document)
Subject	The situation in Central African Republic
Voting summary	15 voted for; None voted against; None abstained
Result	Adopted
Security Council composition
Permanent members	China ; France ; Russia ; United Kingdom ; United States ;
Non-permanent members	Chile ; Costa Rica ; Egypt ; Guinea-Bissau ; Japan ; Kenya ; South Korea ; Poland ; Portugal ; Sweden ;

Last updated November 05, 2019

United Nations Security Council resolution 1125, adopted unanimously on 6 August 1997, after expressing concern at the situation facing the Central African Republic, the Council authorised the continuation of the Inter-African Mission to Monitor the Implementation of the Bangui Agreements (MISAB) mission in the country for a further three months.^[1]

The Central African Republic is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Chad to the north, Sudan to the northeast, South Sudan to the east, the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the south, the Republic of the Congo to the southwest and Cameroon to the west. The CAR covers a land area of about 620,000 square kilometres (240,000 sq mi) and had an estimated population of around 4.6 million as of 2016. As of 2019, the CAR is the scene of a civil war, ongoing since 2012.

Background

In 1996, there were three successive mutinies by elements of the armed forces in the Central African Republic which resulted in a political and military crisis. The Bangui Agreements were signed by the President of the Central African Republic Ange-Félix Patassé and rebel forces in the capital Bangui and an inter-African force (MISAB) was established to restore peace and security in the country and to monitor the implementation of the Bangui Agreements.^[2]

Mutiny is a criminal conspiracy among a group of people to openly oppose, change, or overthrow a lawful authority to which they are subject. The term is commonly used for a rebellion among members of the military against their superior officers, but it can also occasionally refer to any type of rebellion against lawful authority or governances.

Bangui Agreements is a 1997 negotiated peace accord in the Central African Republic (CAR). The agreement was drawn up in Bangui to bring an end to the 1990s conflict between government and rebel forces. It was signed by the Patassé government, opposition parties and religious groups. The agreement envisaged several steps to sort out the views of various political factions, reorganize the defense establishment, and bring about reforms in the country which could improve the economy of the country.

Ange-Félix Patassé former President of the Central African Republic

Ange-Félix Patassé was a Central African politician who was President of the Central African Republic from 1993 until 2003, when he was deposed by the rebel leader François Bozizé. Patassé was the first president in the CAR's history to be chosen in what was generally regarded as a fairly democratic election (1993) in that it was brought about by donor pressure on the André Kolingba and assisted by the United Nations Electoral Assistance Unit. He was chosen a second time in a fair election (1999) as well. However, during his first term in office (1993–1999), three military mutinies in 1996–1997 led to increasing conflict between so-called "northerners" and "southerners". Expatriate mediators and peacekeeping troops were brought in to negotiate peace accords between Patassé and the mutineers and to maintain law and order. During his second term as president, Patassé increasingly lost the support of many of his long-time allies as well as the French, who had intervened to support him during his first term in office. Patassé was ousted in March 2003 and went into exile in Togo.

Resolution

The Security Council determined that the situation in the Central African Republic constituted a threat to international peace and security and welcomed the efforts of states participating in MISAB.^[3] It approved the efforts of the operation in securing a stable environment and supervising the surrendering of arms of former mutineers, militias and other persons.

A militia is generally an army or some other fighting organization of non-professional soldiers, citizens of a nation, or subjects of a state, who can be called upon for military service during a time of need, as opposed to a professional force of regular, full-time military personnel, or historically, members of a warrior nobility class. Generally unable to hold ground against regular forces, it is common for militias to be used for aiding regular troops by skirmishing, holding fortifications, or irregular warfare, instead of being used in offensive campaigns by themselves. Militia are often limited by local civilian laws to serve only in their home region, and to serve only for a limited time; this further reduces their use in long military campaigns.

Acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, countries participating in MISAB – Burkina Faso, Chad, Gabon, Mali, Senegal and Togo – to guarantee the safety and freedom of movement of their personnel for an initial period of three months.^[2] The cost of the force would be borne on the participating states. Finally, the participating countries were required to submit reports every two weeks to the Secretary-General Kofi Annan.

Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter sets out the UN Security Council's powers to maintain peace. It allows the Council to "determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression" and to take military and nonmilitary action to "restore international peace and security".

Burkina Faso is a landlocked country in West Africa. It covers an area of around 274,200 square kilometres (105,900 sq mi) and is surrounded by six countries: Mali to the north; Niger to the east; Benin to the southeast; Togo and Ghana to the south; and Ivory Coast to the southwest. The July 2019 population estimate by the United Nations was 20,321,378. Burkina Faso is a francophone country, with French as the official language of government and business. Roughly 40% of the population speaks the Mossi language. Formerly called the Republic of Upper Volta (1958–1984), the country was renamed "Burkina Faso" on 4 August 1984 by then-President Thomas Sankara. Its citizens are known as Burkinabé. Its capital is Ouagadougou.

Gabon, officially the Gabonese Republic, is a country on the west coast of Central Africa. Located on the equator, Gabon is bordered by Equatorial Guinea to the northwest, Cameroon to the north, the Republic of the Congo on the east and south, and the Gulf of Guinea to the west. It has an area of nearly 270,000 square kilometres (100,000 sq mi) and its population is estimated at 2 million people. Its capital and largest city is Libreville.

Related Research Articles

United Nations Security Council resolution 1136, adopted unanimously on 6 November 1997, after recalling Resolution 1125 (1997) regarding the situation in the Central African Republic, the Council authorised the continuation of the Inter-African Mission to Monitor the Implementation of the Bangui Agreements (MISAB) mission in the country for a further three months.

United Nations Security Council resolution 1152, adopted unanimously on 5 February 1998, after reaffirming resolutions 1125 (1997) and 1136 (1997) regarding the situation in the Central African Republic, the Council authorised the continuation of the Inter-African Mission to Monitor the Implementation of the Bangui Agreements (MISAB) mission in the country until 16 March 1998.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1155 United Nations Security Council resolution

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United Nations Security Council resolution 1575, adopted unanimously on 22 November 2004, after recalling previous resolutions on the conflicts in the former Yugoslavia, including resolutions 1031 (1995), 1088 (1996), 1423 (2002), 1491 (2003) and 1551 (2004), the Council defined the role of EUFOR Althea in Bosnia and Herzegovina as a legal successor to the Stabilisation Force (SFOR).

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1609 United Nations Security Council resolution

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The United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic, more commonly known as MINURCA was a United Nations peacekeeping force in the Central African Republic. The 1350-troop mission was established by the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1159 in March 1998. It was replaced in 2000 after the Central African Republic conducted two peaceful elections, with the entirely civilian composed UN Peace-Building Support Office in the Central African Republic (BONUCA).

References

↑ "Acting under Chapter VII, Security Council authorises mission in Central African Republic to ensure its security, freedom of movement". United Nations. 6 August 1997.
1 2 Sarooshi, Danesh (1999). The United Nations and the development of collective security: the delegation by the UN Security Council of its chapter VII powers. Oxford University Press. p. 244. ISBN 978-0-19-826863-5.
↑ Chesterman, Simón (2002). Just war or just peace?: humanitarian intervention and international law. Oxford University Press. p. 139. ISBN 978-0-19-925799-7.

External links

Works related to United Nations Security Council Resolution 1125 at Wikisource
Text of the Resolution at undocs.org

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[1] "Acting under Chapter VII, Security Council authorises mission in Central African Republic to ensure its security, freedom of movement". United Nations. 6 August 1997.

[ds-2] 1 2 Sarooshi, Danesh (1999). The United Nations and the development of collective security: the delegation by the UN Security Council of its chapter VII powers. Oxford University Press. p. 244. ISBN 978-0-19-826863-5.

[3] Chesterman, Simón (2002). Just war or just peace?: humanitarian intervention and international law. Oxford University Press. p. 139. ISBN 978-0-19-925799-7.