United Nations Security Council Resolution 1408

UN Security Council ; Resolution 1408
	Logging area in Liberia
Date	6 May 2002
Meeting no.	4,526
Code	S/RES/1408 (Document)
Subject	The situation in Liberia
Voting summary	15 voted for; None voted against; None abstained;
Result	Adopted
Security Council composition
Permanent members	China ; France ; Russia ; United Kingdom ; United States ;
Non-permanent members	Bulgaria ; Cameroon ; Colombia ; Guinea ; Ireland ; Mauritius ; Mexico ; Norway ; Singapore ; Syria ;

Last updated January 31, 2020

United Nations Security Council resolution 1408, adopted unanimously on 6 May 2002, after recalling resolutions 1132 (1997), 1171 (1998), 1306 (2000), 1343 (2001), 1385 (2001), 1395 (2002) and 1400 (2002) on the situation in Sierra Leone, the Council extended sanctions against Liberia for its support of rebels in the civil war in Sierra Leone.^[1]

Resolution

Observations

The expert panel monitoring compliance of the Liberian government with sanctions had presented its report, and the Council was concerned that Liberia continued to violate measures from Resolution 1343 particularly through the acquisition of weapons. It anticipated the full implementation of the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme and diplomatic efforts to restore peace and stability in the region. The Council determined that the continued support of the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) combatants in Sierra Leone and the region by the Liberian government constituted a threat to peace and security.

Acts

Acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, the Security Council decided that Liberia had not met the requirements of Resolution 1343 which were designed to consolidate and further the peace process in Sierra Leone and Mano River Union.^[2] However, the country had met the requirement to update its aircraft registry. All countries in the region were urged to end their support of and prevent armed groups from destabilising the situation on the borders between Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone.

The resolution extended sanctions relating to rough diamonds and travel against Liberia for a further 12 months beginning at 00.01 EST on 7 May 2002 and a review would take place at the end of the period on whether the Liberian government had complied.^[3] Furthermore, it was called upon to set up an effective, transparent and verifiable certificate of origin regime, taking into account the international Kimberley Process Certification Scheme. Rough diamonds under the control of the Liberian government would be exempt from the embargo.

The Liberian government was also requested to establish transparent and verifiable audits to ensure that revenue generated from the Liberian Shipping Registry and timber industry is used for legitimate purposes and not in violation of the current resolution.^[4] The Secretary-General Kofi Annan was instructed to report by 21 October 2002 on the implementation of the current resolution while a Security Council Committee was asked to investigate violations of Resolution 788 (1992) when it was in effect.

The Secretary-General was requested to establish a panel of up to five experts for a period of three months to investigate violations of sanctions and their possible impact on the Liberian population. Any information gathered by the panel was to be brought to the attention of the states concerned. All states were urged to fully comply with the embargoes and exercise caution in weapons transactions to prevent the illegal diversion of weapons to illegal markets in the region.

Finally, the Council declared that a review of the sanctions would take place before 7 November 2002 and every six months thereafter.

Related Research Articles

Blood diamonds are diamonds mined in a war zone and sold to finance an insurgency, an invading army's war efforts, or a warlord's activity. The term is used to highlight the negative consequences of the diamond trade in certain areas, or to label an individual diamond as having come from such an area. Diamonds mined during the recent civil wars in Angola, Ivory Coast, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea, and Guinea Bissau have been given the label. The term conflict resource refers to analogous situations involving other natural resources.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1903 United Nations Security Council resolution

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1903, adopted unanimously on December 17, 2009, renewed a travel ban on persons deemed to be a threat to the peace in Liberia for 12 months, demanding the Government of Liberia to continue enforcing an asset freeze imposed upon those sanctioned individuals. The Council also readjusted the arms embargo on the country by allowing the Liberian government and UN peacekeepers in the country to receive certain military materiel for 12 months.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1306 United Nations Security Council resolution

United Nations Security Council resolution 1306, adopted on 5 July 2000, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in Sierra Leone, particularly resolutions 1132 (1997), 1171 (1998) and 1299 (2000), the Council decided to prohibit the direct or indirect import of rough diamonds from the country. The rebel Revolutionary United Front controlled 90% of the diamond-producing areas in Sierra Leone and was using diamonds to finance its operations.

United Nations Security Council resolution 1343, adopted unanimously on 7 March 2001, after recalling resolutions on Sierra Leone and the region, including resolutions 1132 (1997), 1171 (1998) and 1306 (2000), the Council demanded that Liberia end its support for rebels in Sierra Leone and threatened the imposition of wide-ranging sanctions unless the country complied with the Security Council.

United Nations Security Council resolution 1385, adopted unanimously on 19 December 2001, after recalling all resolutions on the situation in Sierra Leone, particularly resolutions 1132 (1997), 1171 (1998), 1299 (2000) and 1306 (2000), the Council extended sanctions against the import of rough diamonds except those controlled by the government from the country for a further 11 months, beginning on 5 January 2002.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1395 United Nations Security Council resolution

United Nations Security Council resolution 1395, adopted unanimously on 27 February 2002, after reaffirming Resolution 1343 (2001) which imposed sanctions on Liberia for support of rebels during the civil war in Sierra Leone, the Council re-established an expert panel to monitor compliance with the restrictions relating to embargoes on arms and unofficial rough diamonds from Sierra Leone.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1458 United Nations Security Council resolution

United Nations Security Council resolution 1458, adopted unanimously on 28 January 2003, after reaffirming Resolution 1408 (2002) on the situation in Liberia, and recognising the importance of implementing Resolution 1343 (2001), the Council re-established an expert panel to monitor the implementation of sanctions against the Liberian government including an arms embargo, travel ban for officials, and prohibitions on the import of its rough diamonds.

United Nations Security Council resolution 1470, adopted unanimously on 28 March 2003, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in Sierra Leone, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL) for six months until 30 September 2003.

United Nations Security Council resolution 1478, adopted unanimously on 6 May 2003, after recalling resolutions 1132 (1997), 1171 (1998), 1306 (2000), 1343 (2001), 1385 (2001), 1395 (2002), 1400 (2002), 1408 (2002), 1458 (2003), 1467 (2003) and others on the situation in Liberia, the Council extended sanctions against the Liberian government for an additional period of twelve months until 7 May 2004 and imposed a ban on imports of its timber for ten months.

United Nations Security Council resolution 1521, adopted unanimously on 22 December 2003, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in Liberia and West Africa, the Council established a monitoring body to oversee international sanctions against Liberia. It was the final Security Council resolution adopted in 2003.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1961, adopted unanimously on December 17, 2010, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Liberia, the Council renewed an arms embargo against the country and travel sanctions for persons that threatened the peace process for a further twelve months.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1607, adopted unanimously on 21 June 2005, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in Liberia, the Council extended the embargo on Liberian diamonds for a further six months.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1643 United Nations Security Council resolution

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1643, adopted unanimously on 15 December 2005, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Côte d'Ivoire, the Council extended an arms embargo and travel and financial restrictions against the country until 15 December 2006, and included a ban on the trade of diamonds.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1683, adopted unanimously on June 13, 2006, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in Liberia and West Africa, the Council adjusted the arms embargo against the country so that weapons and ammunition could be used for training purposes by the government, police and security forces.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1689, adopted unanimously on June 20, 2006, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in Liberia and West Africa, the Council decided to continue sanctions against the import of diamonds from the country for six months, though similar restrictions relating to timber imports were lifted.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1731, adopted unanimously on December 20, 2006, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situations in Liberia and West Africa, the Council extended arms and travel embargoes on the country for one year and a ban on the sale of diamonds for a period of six months.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1760 was unanimously adopted on 20 June 2007.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1792 was unanimously adopted on 19 December 2007.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1819 was unanimously adopted on 18 June 2008.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1854 was unanimously adopted on 19 December 2008.

References

↑ "Security Council extends sanctions on Liberia for further 12 months". United Nations. 6 May 2002.
↑ "UN renews Liberia sanctions". BBC News. 7 May 2002.
↑ West Africa, Issues 4312–4331. West Africa Pub. Co., ltd. 2002. p. 17.
↑ Vines, A (2006). "Dousing the flames of resource wars". South African Journal of International Affairs. 13 (2): 85–100. doi:10.1080/10220460609556804.

External links

Works related to United Nations Security Council Resolution 1408 at Wikisource
Text of the Resolution at undocs.org

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[un-1] "Security Council extends sanctions on Liberia for further 12 months". United Nations. 6 May 2002.

[2] "UN renews Liberia sanctions". BBC News. 7 May 2002.

[3] West Africa, Issues 4312–4331. West Africa Pub. Co., ltd. 2002. p. 17.

[4] Vines, A (2006). "Dousing the flames of resource wars". South African Journal of International Affairs. 13 (2): 85–100. doi:10.1080/10220460609556804.