The Moscow theater hostage crisis was the seizure of the crowded Dubrovka Theater by 40 to 50 armed Chechen terrorists on 23 October 2002, which involved 850 hostages and ended with the death of at least 170 people. The attackers, led by Movsar Barayev, claimed allegiance to the Islamist separatist movement in Chechnya. They demanded the withdrawal of Russian forces from Chechnya and an end to the Second Chechen War.
Zelimkhan Abdulmuslimovich Yandarbiyev was a Chechen writer and a politician, who served as acting president of the breakaway Chechen Republic of Ichkeria between 1996 and 1997. In 2004, Yandarbiyev was assassinated while in exile in Qatar.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1373, adopted unanimously on 28 September 2001, is a counterterrorism measure passed following the 11 September terrorist attacks on the United States. The resolution was adopted under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, and is therefore binding on all UN member states.
The Budyonnovsk hospital hostage crisis took place from 14 to 19 June 1995, when a group of 80 to 200 Chechen separatists led by Shamil Basayev attacked the southern Russian city of Budyonnovsk, some 110 kilometres (70 mi) north of the border with the de facto independent Chechen Republic of Ichkeria. The attack resulted in a ceasefire between Russia and Chechen separatists, and peace talks between Russia and the Chechens.
United Nations Security Council resolution 1566, adopted unanimously on 8 October 2004, after reaffirming resolutions 1267 (1999), 1373 (2001) and 1540 (2004), the Council condemned terrorism as a serious threat to peace and strengthened anti-terrorism legislation.
The international reactions to the Beslan school hostage crisis was as follows:
United Nations Security Council resolution 579, adopted unanimously on 18 December 1985, in a meeting called by the United States, the Council expressed its deep concern at the prevalence in incidents of hostage-taking having grave consequences for the international community and relations between states.
United Nations Security Council resolution 638, adopted unanimously on 31 July 1989, after reaffirming resolutions 579 (1985) and 618 (1988), the Council expressed its deep concern at the prevalence in incidents of hostage-taking having grave consequences for the international community and relations between states.
United Nations Security Council resolution 1368, adopted unanimously on 12 September 2001, after expressing its determination to combat threats to international peace and security caused by acts of terrorism and recognising the right of individual and collective self-defense, the Council condemned the September 11 attacks in the United States.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1377 was adopted unanimously at a ministerial meeting on 12 November 2001; the Council adopted a declaration concerning efforts to eliminate international terrorism.
United Nations Security Council resolution 1438, adopted unanimously on 14 October 2002, after reaffirming the principles of the United Nations Charter and Resolution 1373 (2001), the Council condemned the bombings in Bali, Indonesia.
United Nations Security Council resolution 1450, adopted on 13 December 2002, after reaffirming the principles of the United Nations Charter and resolutions 1189 (1998), 1269 (1999), 1368 (2001) and 1373 (2001), the Council condemned the attacks on Israeli targets in Kikambala and Mombasa, Kenya on 28 November 2002.
United Nations Security Council resolution 1455, adopted unanimously on 17 January 2003, after recalling resolutions 1267 (1999), 1333 (2000), 1363 (2001), 1373 (2001), 1390 (2001) and 1452 (2002) concerning Al-Qaeda, the Taliban and terrorism, the council improved the implementation of measures against the groups. It was the first Security Council resolution adopted in 2003.
United Nations Security Council resolution 1465, adopted unanimously on 13 February 2003, after reaffirming the principles of the United Nations Charter and Resolution 1373 (2001), the Council condemned the bomb attack outside the El Nogal Club in Bogotá, Colombia on 7 February 2003.
United Nations Security Council resolution 1516, adopted unanimously on 20 November 2003, after reaffirming the principles of the United Nations Charter and Resolution 1373 (2001), the Council condemned the bombings in Istanbul, Turkey on 15 and 20 November 2003.
United Nations Security Council resolution 1530, adopted unanimously on 11 March 2004, after reaffirming the principles of the United Nations Charter and Resolution 1373 (2001), the Council condemned the train bombings in Madrid, Spain, on 11 March 2004. It was passed hours after the attacks.
United Nations Security Council resolution 1611, adopted unanimously on 7 July 2005, after reaffirming the principles of the United Nations Charter and resolutions 1373 (2001) and 1566 (2004), the Council condemned the 7 July 2005 London bombings.
United Nations Security Council resolution 1618, adopted unanimously on 4 August 2005, after reaffirming resolutions on the situation in Iraq, including Resolution 1546 (2004), the Council condemned terrorist attacks that had taken place in Iraq and expressed its determination to combat terrorism.
United Nations Security Council resolution 1624, adopted unanimously at the 2005 World Summit on 14 September 2005, after reaffirming previous resolutions on terrorism, including resolutions 1267 (1999), 1373 (2001), 1535 (2004), 1540 (2004), 1566 (2004) and 1617 (2005), the Council called on all states to co-operate in order to strengthen the security of their international borders by enhancing terrorist screening and passenger security procedures.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 2199 was unanimously approved on 12 February 2015 to combat terrorism. Drafted by Russia, its legally binding provisions gave the fifteen nations of the United Nations Security Council authority to enforce decisions with economic sanctions. The resolution, in particular, emphasized "the need to combat by all means, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and international law, [...] threats to international peace and security caused by terrorist acts".
