Uperoleia | |
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Tyler's toadlet, Uperoleia tyleri | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Amphibia |
Order: | Anura |
Family: | Myobatrachidae |
Genus: | Uperoleia Gray, 1841 |
Species | |
See text. | |
Synonyms [1] | |
Hyperolia — unjustified emendation |
Uperoleia is a genus of frogs in the family Myobatrachidae. They are native to northern and eastern Australia and southern lowlands of New Guinea. [1] These are small squat frogs, more commonly known as "toadlets". They have glandular skin, often with a pair of raised glands behind each eye, or on the flanks.
They have bumpy, rough skin giving them the appearance of a small toad, hence the name "toadlet", although they are often called "gungans" in Queensland. There are two distinct types of calls—Uperoleia species make either a "click" or a "squelch". Generally, the "clicking" Uperoleia have long thin inguinal glands that run along the dorsal surface, while the "squelching" Uperoleia have round inguinal glands restricted to the posterior half of the dorsal surface. It is unusual to find more than one species of "clickers" or "squelchers" in the same location, although finding one of each is quite frequent in northern Australia. The species in this genus show great similarities in body shape and colouration making them difficult to tell apart. Call analysis is often required to confirm identification.[ citation needed ] This genus is the largest of any in the family Myobatrachidae. [2] [3]
Clicking Uperoleia include U. glandulosa, U. aspera, U. minima, U. trachyderma, U. lithomoda, U. littlejohni, U. altissima, U. mimula, and U. rugosa. The squelching Uperoleia include U. russelli, U. saxatilis, U. talpa, U. borealis, U. crassa, and U. inundata. The eastern species U. laevigata, U. fusca, U. tyleri, and U. martini are also squelchers, but are distantly related. The species U. mjobergi, U. micromeles, U. micra, and U. daviesae are distinct from these other groups. [2]
Following the Amphibian Species of the World, there are 29 species: [4]
Common name | Binomial name |
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Montane toadlet | Uperoleia altissima Davies, Watson, McDonald, Trenerry & Werren, 1993 |
Jabiru toadlet | Uperoleia arenicolaTyler, Davies & Martin, 1981 |
Derby toadlet | Uperoleia aspera(Tyler, Davies & Martin, 1981 |
Northern toadlet | Uperoleia borealisTyler, Davies & Martin, 1981 |
Fat toadlet | Uperoleia crassaTyler, Davies & Martin, 1981 |
Howard Springs toadlet | Uperoleia daviesaeYoung, Tyler & Kent, 2005 |
Dusky toadlet | Uperoleia fuscaDavies, McDonald & Corben, 1986 |
Glandular toadlet | Uperoleia glandulosaDavies, Mahony & Roberts, 1985 |
Gurrumul's toadlet | Uperoleia gurrumuliCatullo & Keogh, 2021 |
Flood plain toadlet | Uperoleia inundataTyler, Davies & Martin, 1981 |
Smooth toadlet | Uperoleia laevigataKeferstein, 1867 |
Stonemason's toadlet | Uperoleia lithomodaTyler, Davies & Martin, 1981 |
Littlejohn's toadlet | Uperoleia littlejohniDavies, McDonald & Corben, 1986 |
Mahony's toadlet | Uperoleia mahonyi Clulow, Anstis, Keogh, and Catullo, 2016 |
Marbled toadlet, yellow-spotted toadlet | Uperoleia marmorataGray, 1841 |
Martin's toadlet | Uperoleia martiniDavies & Littlejohn, 1986 |
Tiny toadlet | Uperoleia micraDoughty and Roberts, 2008 |
Tanami toadlet | Uperoleia micromelesTyler, Davies & Martin, 1981 |
Mimic toadlet | Uperoleia mimulaDavies, McDonald & Corben, 1986 |
Small toadlet | Uperoleia minimaTyler, Davies & Martin, 1981 |
Mjoberg's toadlet | Uperoleia mjobergi(Andersson, 1913) |
Alexandria toadlet | Uperoleia orientalis(Parker, 1940) |
Wrinkled toadlet, red-groined toadlet | Uperoleia rugosa(Andersson, 1916) |
Russell's toadlet | Uperoleia russelli(Loveridge, 1933) |
Pilbara toadlet | Uperoleia saxatilisCatullo et al., 2011 [2] |
Ratcheting toadlet | Uperoleia stridera Catullo, Doughty, and Keogh, 2014 |
Mole toadlet | Uperoleia talpaTyler, Davies & Martin, 1981 |
Blacksoil toadlet | Uperoleia trachydermaTyler, Davies & Martin, 1981 |
Tyler's toadlet | Uperoleia tyleriDavies & Littlejohn, 1986) |
Note that the AmphibiaWeb recognizes the small-headed toadlet (Uperoleia capitulataDavies, McDonald & Corben, 1986), [5] a species that the Amphibian Species of the World, following Catullo and Keogh (2014), [6] treats as a synonym of the wrinkled toadlet (Uperoleia rugosa). [1]
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Noblella is a genus of frogs in the family Craugastoridae. They are found on the eastern slopes of the Andes and in the Amazon Basin in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and western Brazil. The name refers to Gladwyn K. Noble, who described the first species.
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