Walkerana phrynoderma

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Walkerana phrynoderma
Indirana phrynoderma - Davidraju IIMG 2484 a.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Ranixalidae
Genus: Walkerana
Species:
W. phrynoderma
Binomial name
Walkerana phrynoderma
(Boulenger, 1882)
Synonyms
  • Rana phrynodermaBoulenger, 1882
  • Indirana phrynodermaBoulenger, 1882

Walkerana phrynoderma is a species of frog endemic to the Anaimalai Hills, of the Western Ghats of Kerala and Tamil nadu states in southern India. This species is known from Munnar, Eravikulam National Park, Valparai tea gardens, Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Grass Hills National Park and Palni hills. [2] It is a very rare terrestrial frog species associated with leaf-litter in tropical moist forest. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by subsistence wood collecting. [1] It has the status of one of the "Top 100 Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered Amphibians." [3] [4] [1]

This frog has been observed in the Anamalai Hills and nearby parts of the Cardamom Hills. It is nocturnal and terrestrial. It has been found in forests and grasslands near streams between 1200 and 1900 meters above sea level. [1]

This frog's tadpoles do not live in the water. Instead, they move across wet rocks and moss using their tails and their back legs, which grow in at a younger age than those of other tadpoles. [1]

The IUCN classifies this frog as endangered because of its limited range. This range includes some protected parks: Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Eravikulam National Park, and Parambikulam Tiger Reserve. Pesticide runoff from nearby farms also poses some threat, as does habitat loss associated with road and infrastructure construction. Scientists consider climate change a possible threat to this frog through alteration of the monsoon weather patterns that it needs to breed. [1]

Scientists have not observed the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis on this frog, but they consider it a possible threat. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis causes the fungal disease chytridiomycosis. [1]

Related Research Articles

<i>Walkerana diplosticta</i> Species of amphibian

Walkerana diplosticta, also known as the spotted leaping frog, Malabar Indian frog, rufous leaf-hopper frog, and Günther's frog, is a species of frog in the family Ranixalidae. It is endemic to the Western Ghats south of the Palghat Gap and only known with certainty from the states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu, India. Localities with confirmed records include the Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve.

Walkerana leptodactyla is a species of frog endemic to the southern Western Ghats in Kerala and Tamil Nadu states of southern India. Precise reports are from Anaimalai hills, Palni hills, Meghamalai, Travancore hills and Agasthyamalai.

<i>Raorchestes flaviventris</i> Species of amphibian

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<i>Raorchestes griet</i> Species of frog

Raorchestes griet is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to the Western Ghats south of the Palghat Gap in Kerala and Tamil Nadu states, India. The specific name griet honours Griet Decock, spouse of Franky Bossuyt, the scientist who described the species. The common name Griet bush frog has been coined for it.

<i>Raorchestes signatus</i> Species of frog

Raorchestes signatus is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to the Western Ghats, India.

<i>Raorchestes munnarensis</i> Species of frog

Raorchestes munnarensis is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae endemic to Munnar, Kerala, along the Ghat road to Devikulam in the southern Western Ghats, India.

<i>Raorchestes tinniens</i> Species of frog

Raorchestes tinniens, also known as the spotted bush frog, black bush frog, tinkling Nilgiri bush frog, tinkling Nilgiri bush frog, and Rao's bubble-nest frog, is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to the Nilgiri Hills, a part of the Western Ghats, in Tamil Nadu and Kerala, southern India. It has a rather complicated taxonomic history, and there is still an open issue whether Ixalus montanusGünther, 1876 from Kudremukh (Karnataka), now in synonymy with Raorchestes tinniens, is indeed a valid species.

<i>Raorchestes travancoricus</i> Species of frog

Raorchestes travancoricus, variously known as the Travancore bushfrog, Travancore bubble-nest frog, or Travancore tree frog, is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. The species is endemic to the southern Western Ghats, India. Its specific name, travancoricus, as well as its three common names, refer to its type locality, Bodinayakkanur in the former Travancore state.

<i>Raorchestes kakachi</i> Species of amphibian

Raorchestes kakachi is a species of frogs in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to the southern Western Ghats of India. The specific name kakachi refers to the type locality from where the species was described.

<i>Raorchestes chotta</i> Species of frog

Raorchestes chotta, also known as the small bushfrog or small bush frog, is a species of frog found only in Ponmudi in the Western Ghats of Kerala, India. This frog lays eggs attached to the underside of a leaf. They hatch as tiny froglets, skipping the tadpole stage. The frog has been observed between 600 and 980 meters above sea level.

<i>Raorchestes jayarami</i> Species of frog

Raorchestes jayarami, also known as Jayaram's bush frog, is a species of frog from the subfamily rhacophoridae found in Valparai in the Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu in India, where it has been observed between 600 and 1800 meters above sea level.

<i>Raorchestes kadalarensis</i> Species of amphibian

Raorchestes kadalarensis is a species of frog of the genus Raorchestes found in Kadalar near Munnar in the Western Ghats of Kerala in India. This frog has been observed between 1300 and 1700 meters above sea level.

Raorchestes theuerkaufi is a species of frog of the genus Raorchestes found in the tea estates of Kadalar near Munnar, Idukki district, in the Western Ghats of Kerala in India. The species is named after Wolfgang Theuerkauf, a botanist and director of the Gurukula Botanical Sanctuary in Wayanad, Kerala.

<i>Raorchestes uthamani</i> Species of amphibian

Utham's tree frog is a species of frog of the genus Raorchestes found in Gavi, Pathanamthitta district, in the Western Ghats of Kerala in India. Scientists first observed it near, near a cardamom plantation in Gavi, 1000 meters above sea level. The species is named after two naturalists, bird photographer, P.K. Uthaman, and Deputy Conservator of Forests, K.V. Uthaman.

<i>Raorchestes honnametti</i> Species of frog

Raorchestes honnametti is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae that is described from the Biligiri Rangaswamy Tiger Reserve in Karnataka. This frog has been observed between 600 and 1800 meters above sea level.

Walkerana muduga, also known as the Muduga mountain leaping frog or Muduga leaping frog, is a species of frog in the family Ranixalidae. It is endemic to the Western Ghats of India and known from the Elivai Malai range, north of the Palghat Gap in Tamil Nadu. All other known species of Walkerana occur south of the Palghat Gap, and molecular data suggest that Walkerana muduga is deeply divergent from the more southern species. However, there is another, as yet undescribed lineage from north of the Palghat Gap that is known from a single, poorly preserve specimen.

<i>Raorchestes hassanensis</i> Species of frog

Raorchestes hassanensis, the Hassan bush frog or Dutta's bubble-nest frog, is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to India, including the Western Ghats.

Raorchestes primarrumpfi is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to India and has been observed high in the Nilgiri Massif mountains.

<i>Raorchestes blandus</i> Species of frog

Roarchestes blandus or the Anamalai bush frog is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to India. Scientists have observed it in the Western Ghat mountains, between 45 and 806 meters above sea level.

Ghatixalus magnus, the large-sized Ghat tree frog, is a species of frog in the subfamily Rhacophorinae. It is endemic to India, in the southern Western Ghat mountains, between the Palakkad Gap and Shencottah Gap.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2023). "Spotted Leaping Frog: Walkerana phrynoderma". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2023: e.T58314A166101476. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2023-1.RLTS.T58314A166101476.en . Retrieved 17 May 2024.
  2. ↑ Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Indirana phrynoderma (Boulenger, 1882)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 1 June 2014.
  3. ↑ Kanagavel, A.; S. Parvathy; A. P. Chundakatil; N. Dahanukar & B. Tapley (31 December 2018). "Distribution and habitat associations of the Critically Endangered frog Walkerana phrynoderma (Anura: Ranixalidae), with an assessment of potential threats, abundance, and morphology". Phyllomedusa. Belo Horizonte. 17: 21–37. doi: 10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v17i1p21-37 .
  4. ↑ "Walkerana phrynoderma (Boulenger, 1882)". AmphibiaWeb. University of California, Berkeley. Retrieved 17 May 2024.


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