Wei Yan | |
---|---|
Born | Wei Yan Liaoning, China |
Nationality | American |
Education | China Medical University (MD) University of Turku (PhD) Baylor College of Medicine (Post-doc) |
Known for |
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Scientific career | |
Fields | Biologist Reproduction RNA biology Gene editing |
Institutions | Baylor College of Medicine University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Washington State University |
Doctoral advisor | Jorma Toppari |
Website | weiyanlab |
Wei Yan is a Chinese-American reproductive biologist who currently serves as the Director of the School of Molecular Biosciences and the Director of the Center for Reproductive Biology at Washington State University's College of Veterinary Medicine [1] . He is also a University Foundation Professor [2] at the University of Nevada, Reno, United States [3] and an Elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. [4] In addition, he serves as the Director of National Center for Male Reproductive Epigenomics [5] . Previously, Dr. Yan was the Editor-in-Chief of the journal Biology of Reproduction [6] and is now the Deputy Editor of Andrology.
Wei Yan was born in Liaoning, China. He received his MD from China Medical University in 1990 and PhD from University of Turku, Finland in 2000. He completed his post-doc training at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX in 2004. He began his independent career as an Assistant Professor at the University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine (UNR Med) in 2004. He rose through the ranks and became a full professor in 2013. He is currently Principal Investigator at The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Professor of Medicine at David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA. His research interests include genetic and epigenetic control of fertility, as well as epigenetic contribution of gametes (sperm and eggs) to fertilization, early embryonic development and adulthood health. [7] As a principal investigator, Dr. Yan has been continuously funded by grants from the NIH and various foundations, with a total of ~$17 million in direct cost. He also so far published >150 peer-reviewed research articles and book chapters in high-impact journals with >14,000 citations and a h-index of 68. [8]
After receiving his M.D., Dr. Yan became the Chief Examiner at Coroner office of the Institute of Forensic Science of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China. While he enjoyed his work as an Examiner, developing advanced techniques for DNA extraction from crime scene samples, he soon became increasingly fascinated with the research aspect. motivated by this new interest, Dr. Yan pursued graduate studies in the Department of Forensic Medicine at China Medical University while continuing his work at the coroner's office. The next year he took the opportunity to leave China and work as a visiting scholar in the Department of Medical Genetics, at the University of Turku, Finland. Dr. Yan remained at the University of Turku to complete his Ph.D. in March 2000 under the mentorship of Drs. Jorma Toppari, Ilpo Hutaniemi and Martti Parvinen. After completing his Ph.D., he briefly served as a Postdoctoral Associate at University of Turku before moving to the United States to join Dr. Martin M. Matzuk's lab in the Department of Pathology at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas. It would be here at Baylor College of Medicine that he would get his first professional appointment as an Instructor in the Department of Pathology in 2003. The following year, he was appointed as a tenure-track Assistant Professorship in the Department of Physiology and Cell Biology at the University of Nevada School of Medicine in Reno Nevada. Over the years at UNR, Dr. Yan became an exceptionally productive researcher, earning numerous awards [9] and rising through the academic ranks to achieve the highest honor bestowed upon Professors; The University of Nevada, Reno Foundation Professor in 2020. [10] During this time, he also served as the Editor-in-Chief of Biology or Reproduction, the official journal of the Society for the Study of Reproduction (SSR). Having achieved the highest honor at UNR, Dr. Yan would still go on to seek more challenges and moved to Los Angeles, where he joined the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA as well as a Professor of Medicine and took on a Senior Investigator position at The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center in Torrance, California. While at The Lundquist Institute, Dr. Yan's exceptional contributions to research and leadership were recognized with the Frank DeSantis Senior Investigator Award. In 2023, Dr. Yan assumed his current position as the Director of the School of Molecular Biosciences and the Director of the Center for Reproductive Biology at Washington State University's College of Veterinary Medicine.
Over his almost 30 years of research, Dr. Yan has made significant contributions to the field of Reproductive Biology and Epigenetic Inheritance in the following five areas:
Dr. Yan has been innovative in the contraceptives field with the novel idea of developing non-hormonal male contraceptives that disable sperm rather than killing them. His lab first put forward a novel idea for the development of non-hormonal male contraceptives: “Do not kill, but disable sperm”, [11] [12] which led to the discovery of TRIPTONIDE, a natural compound purified from the Chinese herb Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook F. Triptonide acts as a reversible non-hormonal contraceptive agent in mice and monkeys, and established it as a drug candidate for “The Pill” for men. [13] This is the first and ONLY compound discovered in the past fifty years that has been tested on mice and monkeys and found to be efficient, reversible and safe.
Dr. Yan’s lab first discovered the function of motile cilia in the reproductive tracts. In the male, motile ciliary beating functions as an agitator to maintain the constant suspension of immotile testicular sperm during their transit through the efferent ductules in men. [14] [15] This work led to a novel concept that efferent ductal obstructions due to motile ciliopathy represent a new cause of male infertility, which has been validated in clinics. [16] This discovery has changed clinical practice in the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive azoospermia and idiopathic male infertility. In the female, motile cilia in the oviduct/Fallopian tube are essential for oocyte pickup and, therefore, fertility, but dispensable for embryo and sperm transport, which are mostly achieved through smooth muscle contraction. [17] This work solved the long-standing controversy about the role of cilia beating vs. muscle contraction in gamete/embryo transport.
Additionally, using a variety of gene knockout/genome editing technologies, his lab discovered many genetic networks that control the most fundamental cellular and molecular events in spermatogenesis, e.g., sperm connecting piece formation, [18] cytoplasmic removal, [19] global shortening of 3’UTRs, [20] [21] [22] and delayed translation/uncoupling of transcription and translation, and dynamic changes in poly(A) length and non-A contents. [23]
As a young scientist, Dr. Yan was the first to discover mitochondrial genome-encoded small RNAs (mitosRNAs) [24] and endo-siRNAs in the male germline, [25] as well as meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI)-escaping X-linked miRNAs [26] and elucidated the functions of all during reproduction. [27] [28] [29]
Based on his work on sperm-borne small RNAs, [30] [31] [32] he put forward a novel hypothesis regarding the potential role of gamete small RNAs in epigenetic inheritance. [33] His study on the Kit paramutation mouse model first discovered that outcrossing promotes the correction of epimutations through epigenetic reprogramming, whereas intercrossing stabilizes the epimutations and enhances their transmission across multiple generations. Based on the accumulating data on inter- or trans-generational epigenetic inheritance, he and colleagues have come up with several inspiring hypotheses regarding the role of sperm small RNAs and their modifications in mediating epigenetic inheritance. [34] [35] He established the first-ever National Center for Male Reproductive Epigenomics, [36] which is funded by an NCTRI P50 grant from the NICHD with a research focus on the molecular mechanism underlying epigenetic inheritance of lifestyle-induced metabolic syndrome in both humans and mice. [37]
Dr. Yan has published >165 research articles, reviews, and book chapters, which have garnered >14,000 citations with h-index at 68 as of December 2024 according to Google Scholar. [38] His work has appeared in high-impact journals, including Nature Genetics, Nature Cell Biology, Nature Reviews Genetics, Nature Communications, PNAS, Cell Research, Developmental Cell, Genome Biology, EMBO, and Development.
Dr. Wei Yan's research excellence has been recognized with numerous prestigious awards, including the 2009 Society for the Study of Reproduction (SSR) Young Investigator Award, the 2012 American Society of Andrology (ASA) Young Andrologist Award, the 2013 Nevada Healthcare Hero Award for Research and Technology, the 2017 University of Nevada, Reno Outstanding Researcher Award, the 2018 SSR Research Award, the 2020 Nevada System of Higher Education Regents’ Research Award (mid-career), the 2023 SSR Distinguished Fellow recognition, and the 2025 Distinguished Andrologist Award. [39] .
Dr. Yan was also named a University of Nevada, Reno Foundation Professor in 2016, [40] the highest honor the University bestows upon its faculty, and elected as a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in 2017.
Dr. Yan’s mentorship and leadership are as impressive as his research achievements. Over the past 16 years, he has mentored six junior faculty members, trained 16 postdoctoral fellows, and 27 graduate students, contributing significantly to the development of the next generation of scientists.
Dr. Yan has contributed extensively to scientific societies and editorial boards. For the Society for the Study of Reproduction (SSR, he served on the Program Committee (2007, 2014, and 2016), the Awards Committee (2015-2018), and the Biology of Reproduction (BOR) Board of Reviewing Editors (2009-2013). He further held positions as BOR Associate Editor (2013-2017) and Co-Editor-in-Chief of BOR (2017-2021). In the American Society of Andrology (ASA), Dr. Yan was an active member of the Program Committee (2010-2014) and Nominating Committee (2012-2014), co-chaired the 2019 ASA annual meeting, and currently servers on the Board of Directors of ASA (2022-2025)
Dr. Yan currently also serves as a Senior Editor of eLife (2022-present) and the Deputy Editor-in-Chief of Andrology (2024-2028), the official journal of the American Society of Andrology (ASA) and the European Academy of Andrology (EAA). Dr. Yan also serves on the Executive Committee of the North America Testis Workshop (NATW) and chaired the XXVI NATW in 2022.
Some of his awards include:
He was elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in 2017. [4]
Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic phenomenon that causes genes to be expressed or not, depending on whether they are inherited from the female or male parent. Genes can also be partially imprinted. Partial imprinting occurs when alleles from both parents are differently expressed rather than complete expression and complete suppression of one parent's allele. Forms of genomic imprinting have been demonstrated in fungi, plants and animals. In 2014, there were about 150 imprinted genes known in mice and about half that in humans. As of 2019, 260 imprinted genes have been reported in mice and 228 in humans.
A spermatozoon is a motile sperm cell produced by male animals relying on internal fertilization. A spermatozoon is a moving form of the haploid cell that is the male gamete that joins with an ovum to form a zygote.
Caenorhabditis elegans is a free-living transparent nematode about 1 mm in length that lives in temperate soil environments. It is the type species of its genus. The name is a blend of the Greek caeno- (recent), rhabditis (rod-like) and Latin elegans (elegant). In 1900, Maupas initially named it Rhabditides elegans. Osche placed it in the subgenus Caenorhabditis in 1952, and in 1955, Dougherty raised Caenorhabditis to the status of genus.
Reproductive technology encompasses all current and anticipated uses of technology in human and animal reproduction, including assisted reproductive technology (ART), contraception and others. It is also termed Assisted Reproductive Technology, where it entails an array of appliances and procedures that enable the realization of safe, improved and healthier reproduction. While this is not true of all people, for an array of married couples, the ability to have children is vital. But through the technology, infertile couples have been provided with options that would allow them to conceive children.
The acrosome is an organelle that develops over the anterior (front) half of the head in the spermatozoa of humans and many other animals. It is a cap-like structure derived from the Golgi apparatus. In placental mammals, the acrosome contains degradative enzymes. These enzymes break down the outer membrane of the ovum, called the zona pellucida, allowing the haploid nucleus in the sperm cell to join with the haploid nucleus in the ovum. This shedding of the acrosome, known as the acrosome reaction, can be stimulated in vitro by substances that a sperm cell may encounter naturally, such as progesterone or follicular fluid, as well as the more commonly used calcium ionophore A23187. This can be done to serve as a positive control when assessing the acrosome reaction of a sperm sample by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy. This is usually done after staining with a fluoresceinated lectin such as FITC-PNA, FITC-PSA, FITC-ConA, or fluoresceinated antibody such as FITC-CD46.
The epididymis is an elongated tubular genital organ attached to the posterior side of each one of the two male reproductive glands, the testicles. It is a single, narrow, tightly coiled tube in adult humans, 6 to 7 centimetres in length; uncoiled the tube would be approximately 6 m long. It connects the testicle to the vas deferens in the male reproductive system. The epididymis serves as an interconnection between the multiple efferent ducts at the rear of a testicle (proximally), and the vas deferens (distally). Its primary function is the storage, maturation and transport of sperm cells.
Capacitation is the penultimate step in the maturation of mammalian spermatozoa and is required to render them competent to fertilize an oocyte. This step is a biochemical event; the sperm move normally and look mature prior to capacitation. In vivo, capacitation occurs after ejaculation, when the spermatozoa leave the vagina and enter the upper female reproductive tract. The uterus aids in the steps of capacitation by secreting sterol-binding albumin, lipoproteins, and proteolytic and glycosidasic enzymes such as heparin.
In biology, the epigenome of an organism is the collection of chemical changes to its DNA and histone proteins that affects when, where, and how the DNA is expressed; these changes can be passed down to an organism's offspring via transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. Changes to the epigenome can result in changes to the structure of chromatin and changes to the function of the genome. The human epigenome, including DNA methylation and histone modification, is maintained through cell division. The epigenome is essential for normal development and cellular differentiation, enabling cells with the same genetic code to perform different functions. The human epigenome is dynamic and can be influenced by environmental factors such as diet, stress, and toxins.
Male contraceptives, also known as male birth control, are methods of preventing pregnancy by interrupting the function of sperm. The main forms of male contraception available today are condoms, vasectomy, and withdrawal, which together represented 20% of global contraceptive use in 2019. New forms of male contraception are in clinical and preclinical stages of research and development, but as of 2024, none have reached regulatory approval for widespread use.
Male infertility refers to a sexually mature male's inability to impregnate a fertile female. In humans, it accounts for 40–50% of infertility. It affects approximately 7% of all men. Male infertility is commonly due to deficiencies in the semen, and semen quality is used as a surrogate measure of male fecundity. More recently, advance sperm analyses that examine intracellular sperm components are being developed.
Azoospermia factor (AZF) is one of several proteins or their genes, which are coded from the AZF region on the human male Y chromosome. Deletions in this region are associated with inability to produce sperm. Subregions within the AZF region are AZFa, AZFb and AZFc. AZF microdeletions are one of the major causes of male infertility for azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia males. AZF is the term used by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee.
RNA activation (RNAa) is a small RNA-guided and Argonaute (Ago)-dependent gene regulation phenomenon in which promoter-targeted short double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) induce target gene expression at the transcriptional/epigenetic level. RNAa was first reported in a 2006 PNAS paper by Li et al. who also coined the term "RNAa" as a contrast to RNA interference (RNAi) to describe such gene activation phenomenon. dsRNAs that trigger RNAa have been termed small activating RNA (saRNA). Since the initial discovery of RNAa in human cells, many other groups have made similar observations in different mammalian species including human, non-human primates, rat and mice, plant and C. elegans, suggesting that RNAa is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of gene regulation.
Glycodelin(GD) also known as human placental protein-14 (PP-14)progestogen-associated endometrial protein (PAEP) or pregnancy-associated endometrial alpha-2 globulin is a glycoprotein that inhibits cell immune function and plays an essential role in the pregnancy process. In humans is encoded by the PAEP gene.
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, spermatogenic or glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, testis-specific is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GAPDHS gene.
The Centre for Human Reproductive Science was established in December 2006 to further develop research and innovation in fertility diagnosis and treatment, working in partnership as the academic and research wing of the Birmingham Women's Fertility Centre at Birmingham Women's Hospital and the University of Birmingham Medical School. A particular emphasis in the biomedical research strategy is placing research and discovery in the true physiological context.
Ashok Agarwal is the Director of the Andrology Center, and also the Director of Research at the American Center for Reproductive Medicine at Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA. He is Professor at the Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, USA. Ashok is a Senior Staff in the Cleveland Clinic's Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute. He has published extensive translational research in human infertility and assisted reproduction.
Robert John Aitken is a British reproductive biologist, widely known for identifying oxidative stress as a significant contribution to infertility and its actions on human sperm function. He also made substantial contributions to clinical practice translation in male reproductive health, notably the development of new contraceptive vaccine.
Thomas S. K. Chang (1948-1996) was an American reproductive biologist. He was born in Hawaii in 1948, and earned a bachelor's degree and Ph.D. from the University of Hawaiʻi in 1970 and 1976. In 1977, he came to The Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health to carry out his postdoctoral studies. In 1981, he joined the Department of Urology of The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine to carry out his postdoctoral studies. His studies focus on male infertility in relationship to sperm physiology and endocrinology.
Ranjith Ramasamy is a consultant urologist at Jumeirah American Clinic in Dubai, UAE, and the former Director of the Reproductive Urology Fellowship program at the University of Miami's Miller School of Medicine.
Triptonide is a chemical compound found in Tripterygium wilfordii, a plant used in traditional Chinese medicine. A 2021 trial in mice and monkeys suggested that triptonide may offer a reversible male contraceptive.
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