140 Westbourne Terrace by George Ledwell Taylor, 1843–48.The Church of the Holy Trinity, Bishop's Road, Paddington. Artist: T. Bury. Lithograph, c. 1845.Westbourne Terrace (centre, diagonal) on an 1869 Ordnance Survey mapWestbourne Terrace as seen from the intersection with Cleveland Terrace in August
Westbourne Terrace is a street in the Paddington district of the City of Westminster in west London. The street runs between Westbourne Bridge in the north and the junction of Westbourne Crescent and Sussex Gardens in the south and was developed between 1839 and the late 1850s. It has been described as the "most spacious and dignified avenue" in Bayswater and "unrivalled in its class in London or even Great Britain".[4] The street is not to be confused with Westbourne Terrace Road which runs north from Westbourne Bridge into Little Venice, and a large number of other Westbourne streets in the area.
Westbourne Terrace is named after the local River Westbourne, a tributary of the River Thames, and is one of a large number of Westbourne streets in the area. In 1868, Cusack Roney wrote in Rambles on Railways, that there were 19 "Westbourne" streets listed in the London Postal Guide.[5]
Westbourne Terrace is a long tree-lined avenue, almost wholly made up of four storey stucco-fronted terraced houses divided by the cross streets, Bishop's Bridge Road, Cleveland Terrace (formerly James Street), Chilworth Street, and Craven Road. The street has more modern buildings north of Bishop's Bridge Road, including the Enterprise House at numbers 167–169, which is occupied by Network Rail.[7] Westbourne Terrace Mews runs north from Cleveland Terrace but does not join Westbourne Terrace. Each terrace has its own private access road at the front. According to Nikolaus Pevsner, the architecture of Westbourne Terrace shows the transition from the classical style to the Italianate.[6]
Originally occupied by wealthy merchants, admirals, governors, and statesmen, the terrace has been home to many renowned people. The exterior of the great majority of the buildings is still intact, though most houses have been converted into flats, and in some instances, hotels or offices. The original buildings in the terrace are Grade II listed and fall within the Bayswater Conservation Area.
East side
Numbers 1 to 31 were built by Robert Palmer Browne by 1849.[6] They are Grade II listed.[8] Irish painter Patrick Swift lived at number nine in the mid-twentieth century.[9] Canadian author Elizabeth Smart also lived at number nine, in a different flat.[10] John Constable, eldest son of the painter, resided at number 17, which was the first house to be completed.[11] Roseate House London, a luxury boutique hotel, occupies numbers 3–5.
Numbers 33–77 were developed by William Kingdom, whose architect was Thomas Marsh Nelson.[6] They are Grade II listed.[12]Admiral Charles Bethune lived at number 53.[13] The Chilworth, a boutique hotel, occupies numbers 55–61.
The terrace of 79–119 was built around 1840, probably by William King and William Kingdom. It is Grade II listed.[14]Augustus Prevost, Governor of the Bank of England from 1901 to 1903, lived at number 79, and in 1902 he was made Baronet Prevost of Westbourne Terrace, London in recognition of his services as Governor of the Bank of England during the Boer War. George William Anderson, a colonial governor, lived at number 99 from 1947 till 1957. Joshua Walmsley, an English businessman and Liberal Party politician, lived at number 101. Richard Cobden, an English politician and social reformer best known for his successful fight for repeal of the Corn Laws and his defense of free trade, lived at number 103 from June 1848 to 1856.[15]John Benjamin Smith, an English Liberal Party politician, lived at number 105. Walmsley, Cobden, and Smith were next-door neighbours, living in three adjoining houses at Westbourne Terrace, and hence numbers 101, 103, and 105 Westbourne Terrace came to be known as “Radical Row.”[16]
Numbers 121 to 141, later the Dorland Hotel, and now offices of WPP and Ogilvy, is Grade II listed. The terrace was built around 1840, probably by William King and William Kingdom.[17]
Author Aldous Huxley lived at number 155 in 1921–2. Brewer's Court,[18] a residential building, and Enterprise House currently occupy the northern end of Westbourne Terrace between Bishop's Bridge Road and Westbourne Bridge. Enterprise House, located at numbers 167–169, is an irregularly shaped building designed by P A Culverhouse and constructed between 1932 and 1935 close to the former Parcel Depot (Building 3), just south of the tracks, by the Westbourne Bridge. It is concrete framed and of six storeys, with facade towards the road and the tracks in the same restrained Art Deco style that Culverhouse employed on the arrival side offices. The top two floors were a hostel for woman staff, mostly employed in Paddington's refreshment rooms, and Culverhouse provided them with a spacious roof-top terrace.[19] It is currently occupied by Network Rail.
West side
Numbers 2-30 were developed by William King in the 1840s.[6] Numbers 6–30 are Grade II listed.[20] Art critic R. H. Wilenski was born at number 16 Upper Westbourne Terrace in 1887.[21]
Numbers 32 to 68 were developed by William Kingdom, whose architect was Thomas Marsh Nelson.[6] They are Grade II listed.[22]Susan Lawrence, one of the earliest female Labour MPs, lived at number 44.[23] Civil engineer Charles Manby (1804–1884) lived at number 60 during 1870–77.[24]Uriah Maggs opened his first bookshop at 44 Westbourne Terrace North in 1844.[25] Admiral Baldwin Wake Walker lived at number 66. Field-Marshal Sir William Robertson (1860–1933) lived at number 88 during his retirement.[26]
Numbers 70–106 and 108 to 136 are Grade II listed. They were built around 1840, probably by William King and William Kingdom.[27][28]Richard Bethell, later Lord Chancellor as Lord Westbury, lived at number 70.[4] Number 124 was the location of the Austrian Centre, which was the most important social, cultural and political hub for Austrian exiles from the Nazis.[29] Park Grand London Hyde Park hotel occupies numbers 78–82.
Holy Trinity church once stood on the north-west corner with Bishop's Road, now Bishop's Bridge Road. It was built in 1844–1846 to a design by Thomas Cundy.[2] It was closed in 1971 after being declared unsafe, before being demolished in the 1980s.[30] Trinity Court, a 6-storey block of 54 flats, was built on the site in 1986.
Westbourne Terrace as seen from the intersection with Cleveland Terrace in late March
Brunel House, originally Trinity Lodge, an Italiante stucco villa at number 140 on the southern corner with Orsett Terrace is Grade II listed. It was designed by George Ledwell Taylor in 1843–1848.[1] Architect George Ledwell Taylor designed and lived briefly at no. 140 in 1852–3.
Westbourne Court is an eight-storey block of flats, dating from 1938, and it is located on the northern corner with Orsett Terrace at the north end of Westbourne Terrace.[31] It is typical of its period and is in red brick and stucco, with crittall windows.
Bayswater is an area within the City of Westminster in West London. It is a built-up district with a population density of 17,500 per square kilometre, and is located between Kensington Gardens to the south, Paddington to the north-east, and Notting Hill to the west.
Paddington is an area in the City of Westminster, in central London, England. A medieval parish then a metropolitan borough, it was integrated with Westminster and Greater London in 1965. Paddington station, designed by the engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel opened in 1847. It is also the site of St Mary's Hospital and the former Paddington Green Police Station.
The Westbourne or Kilburn is a culverted small River Thames tributary in London, rising in Hampstead and Brondesbury Park and which as a drain unites and flows southward through Kilburn and Bayswater to skirt underneath the east of Hyde Park's Serpentine lake then through central Chelsea under Sloane Square. It passes centrally under the south side of Royal Hospital Chelsea's Ranelagh Gardens before discharging into Inner London's old-fashioned, but grandiose combined sewer system, with exceptional discharges into the Inner London Tideway. Since the latter 19th century, the population of its catchment has risen further but to reduce the toll it places on the Beckton Sewage Treatment Works and related bills its narrow basin has been assisted by private soakaways, and public surface water drains. Its depression has been replaced with and adopted as a reliable route for a gravity combined sewer. The formation of the Serpentine relied on the water, a lake with a long, ornate footbridge and various activities associated, which today uses little-polluted water from a great depth.
George Ledwell Taylor was an architect and landowner who lived in London.
Westbourne is an area west of Paddington in west London. It has a manorial history spanning many centuries, within a more broadly defined Paddington, before shedding its association in the mid-19th century. It is named after the west bourne, West Bourne, or River Westbourne, a Thames tributary which was encased in 19th-century London in the 1850s. The spring-fed stream and associated manor have led to the place names Westbourne Green, Westbourne Park and more narrowly: Westbourne Gardens, Westbourne Grove, Westbourne Park Road, Westbourne Park tube station, Westbourne Studios and the name of a public house.
Porchester Square is an archetypal-format, narrow London garden square in Bayswater on the cusp of inter-related Westbourne. It is lined with tall white Victorian classical architecture residential buildings.
George Gutch (1790-1894) was a British architect and to four successive Bishops of London surveyor for much of the Diocese's c. 500-acre (2.0 km2) southern strip of the parish of Paddington.
Orme Square is a private square in Bayswater, London, England, off the north side of Bayswater Road and on the north-west corner of Hyde Park, overlooking Kensington Gardens whose Orme Gate entrance takes its name from the square.
Hyde Park Square is a residential, tree-planted, garden square one block north of Hyde Park fronted by classical buildings, many of which are listed and marks a crossover of Lancaster Gate and Connaught Village neighbourhoods of Bayswater, London. It measures (internally) 200 by 500 feet, of which the bulk is the private communal garden – the rest is street-lit, pavemented streets with low railings in front of the houses. Connaught Street runs eastwards from the square towards the Edgware Road.
Robert Palmer Browne was a British architect who was closely associated with the General Steam Navigation Company in the mid-nineteenth century but who also designed residential, church and public buildings, some of which are now listed by Historic England.
Westbourne Bridge is a grade II listed road bridge in the City of Westminster, London. It was built some time after 1909 for the Great Western Railway.
Orsett Terrace, originally known as Orsett Place, is a street in the Westbourne district of the City of Westminster, in London. It runs roughly east–west between Porchester Terrace in the west and the junction of Westbourne Bridge and Westbourne Terrace in the east. It is crossed midway by Gloucester Terrace.
Westbourne Terrace Road runs between Blomfield Road in the north and Westbourne Bridge in the south. The north part of the road is a bridge over the Paddington branch of the Grand Union Canal in Little Venice known as Westbourne Terrace Road bridge. It is crossed by Delamere Terrace and Warwick Crescent in the north and joined by Blomfield Mews on its east side.
Albion Street is a residential street located in Central London in the City of Westminster. Part of the Tyburnia area, it runs southwards from Connaught Street to the Bayswater Road on the edge of Hyde Park. It is notable for its Regency architecture.
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