| White-breasted tapaculo | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Rhinocryptidae |
| Genus: | Eleoscytalopus |
| Species: | E. indigoticus |
| Binomial name | |
| Eleoscytalopus indigoticus (Wied, 1831) | |
 | |
| Synonyms | |
Scytalopus indigoticus | |
The white-breasted tapaculo (Eleoscytalopus indigoticus) is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to the Atlantic forest of southeastern Brazil. [2]
The white-breasted tapaculo and the Bahia tapaculo (Eleoscytalopus psychopompus) were formerly placed in the genus Scytalopus , but these two species are now known to be more closely related to the bristlefronts (genus Merulaxis ). The Bahia tapaculo has also been proposed as a race of the white-breasted tapaculo, but genetic data refute that. The genetic data also show large differences between the northern and southern populations of white-breasted tapaculo. [3] [4] [5]
The white-breasted tapaculo is 11 cm (4.3 in) long. Males weigh 13 to 18 g (0.46 to 0.63 oz) and females 12.2 to 16 g (0.43 to 0.56 oz). The male's upper parts are blue-gray and its rump reddish brown. The throat, chest, and belly are white and the flanks and vent area are chestnut with dark barring. Males in a small part of its range have more extensive dark underparts. Females and immatures are similar to the males but have browner upper parts. [4]
The white-breasted tapaculo is found in Brazilian states from eastern Bahia south to northeastern Rio Grande do Sul, including western Paraná and eastern Santa Catarina. It inhabits the undergrowth of open forest, forest edges, and dense secondary forest. In elevation it ranges up to 1,500 m (4,900 ft). [4]
The white-breasted tapaculo feeds on insects captured on or very near the ground. [4]
One nest was constructed of roots and moss and buried in leaves by a tree trunk. It contained two eggs. [4]
The white-breasted tapaculo's song is a seven to eight second trill that increases in volume after the first one or two seconds . It often sings inside tree cavities. [4]
The IUCN has assessed the white-breasted tapaculo as least concern. It has a relatively small and highly fragmented range that is under continuing human pressure. Its population size is not known but is believed to be decreasing. It does occur in some protected areas, many of which are small. [1] [4]
The tapaculos or tapacolos are a family, Rhinocryptidae, of small suboscine passerine birds, found mainly in South America and with the highest diversity in the Andean regions. Three species are found in southern Central America.
The white-crowned tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.
The Bolivian tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is found in Bolivia and Peru.
The Caracas tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to Venezuela.
The rufous-vented tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to Peru.
The pale-bellied tapaculo, also known as the matorral tapaculo or rufous-rumped tapaculo, is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is found in Colombia and Venezuela.
The large-footed tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to Peru.
The long-tailed tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is found in the eastern Andes of Colombia, Ecuador and far northern Peru.
The Brasília tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to southern Brazil.
The Tacarcuna tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is found in Panama and Colombia.
The Bahia tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to lowland Atlantic forest in Bahia, Brazil.
The Santa Marta tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta of Colombia.
The puna tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is found in Bolivia and Peru.
The Planalto tapaculo is a small passerine bird in family Rhinocryptidae. It is found in southeastern Brazil and extreme northeastern Argentina.
The Ecuadorian tapaculo or El Oro tapaculo is a small passerine bird belonging to the genus Scytalopus, a genus of tapaculos. It is restricted to a small area in south-western Ecuador and was not described until 1997.
The Vilcabamba tapaculo is a small passerine bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to Peru.
The Diamantina tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to northeastern Brazil.
The jalca tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to Peru.
The Ampay tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to Peru.
The Loja tapaculo is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae that the South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society (AOS) accepted as a new species in July 2020. It had been classified as a subspecies of paramo tapaculo. It is found in Ecuador and Peru.
