William Pierce | |
---|---|
Member of the Virginia Governor's Council | |
In office `1632-43 | |
Member of the House of Burgesses for James City,Colony of Virginia | |
In office 1624-1625 | |
Preceded by | William Powell |
Succeeded by | Humphrey Rashell |
Personal details | |
Born | ca. 1598 Essex England |
Died | before 1647 Colony of Virginia |
Spouse | Joan |
Children | Joan Peirce Rolfe |
Relatives | Elizabeth (granddaughter) |
Occupation | merchant,soldier,planter,politician |
William Peirce (circa 1585 to 1645 or 1647),emigrated with his family to the new Colony of Virginia,where he became a valued soldier,as well as a planter,merchant and politician. Although Peirce fought in several skirmishes with Native Americans and served in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly as well as helped topple governor John Harvey,today he may best be known as one of the first slave owners in the colony. [1] [2] [3]
Pierce was born and married in England. In June 1609 he sailed for the two year old Virginia Colony with his wife and daughter (both named Joan) in a nine-boat flotilla. While the women arrived in the colony by the end of the year,Peirce's ship,the Sea Venture, was shipwrecked in Bermuda,and he did not arrive until 1610. Another passenger on the wrecked vessel was John Rolfe,who was responsible for re-establishing the Jamestown settlement (and thus the colony),and who became the husband of Peirce's daughter (after outliving two previous wives). [4]
Peirce had military training and used it,as the new colony threatened the interests of local indigenous people as well as prospective Dutch colonists. However,Peirce had not yet arrived when the Anglo-Powhatan Wars began in 1609,though he witnessed Governor George Yeardley's treaty with the Chickahominy people. Later that year,he,John Rolfe and another man went to Old Point Comfort to meet the Treasurer,which bore the first Africans to reach the English colony,and his household later included a Black woman who had arrived on that ship. [5] Peirce was among the officers and troops responding to the massacres of 1622. Likewise,while Virginia colonists traded with the Dutch during his lifetime,the Anglo-Dutch wars erupted less than a decade after his death,and included an attack on Jamestown.
Peirce eventually built a store and what Sandys called the fairest house (a brick dwelling) in Jamestown,the colony's seat of government and main settlement. He also bought land nearby. As a government structure became established,and the countryside divided into shires,Peirce bought several land parcels. One that he bought with Rolfe and Smith,included 1700 acres on Mulberry Island (which later became Warwick County). [6] Peirce also was one of three commissioners whom Virginia's governor designated to deal with a ship with enslaved Africans that arrived in the colony in 1619,and at least one of the first enslaved Africans,"Angela",lived at his house for eight years. [7]
James City County voters elected Peirce as one of the men representing them in the House of Burgesses in 1624,and re-elected him in 1624. [8] He was appointed to the legislature's higher branch,the Governor's Council (also known as the Council of State) in 1632,and remained a council member until 1643,a few years before his death. [9]
Notwithstanding Peirce's role in ousting Governor Harvey,Dame Elizabeth Harvey in 1644/1645 asked that he and Richard Kemp be substituted as trustees for Nansemond land held in trust for Samuel Stephens,her son by a previous marriage. The previous trustees were previously Capt. Samuel Mathews,D. Gookin,George Ludlow and Thomas Bernard.
Various spellings of the relatively common English surname (Peirce,Pierce,Pearce or Pears) or abounded in this era,and another Englishman with the same name and also with a wife named "Joan" traveled about the same time to England's Plymouth Colony far to the north. Also,this man was long-lived for the era and of course many records have been lost over the centuries. One historian has noted two men who may have been his sons,or distantly or unrelated. Several years after this man's death,in 1655,Thomas Peirce lived on Mulberry Island in Warwick County,who may have been the same Thomas Peirce who in March 1676 patented 1655 acres on Mulberry Island. This William Peirce had patented land on Mulberry Island in 1619,but three years later Thomas Peirce who had been the sergeant at arms of the Virginia General Assembly in 1619 and the brother of London merchant and tailor Edward Peirce,died in the 1622 massacre (as did his wife and child). The other possibly related man was named William Peirce,who in 1649 patented 200 acres to the northwest in what was then Northumberland County (and which became Westmoreland County). That William Peirce participated in many land transactions in the drainage area of the Rappahannock River,became a justice of the Westmoreland County Court in 1661 (and remained such for three decades) and served as a burgess in 1680-1682. The Rappahannock watershed developed decades after the Jamestown/Mulberry Island area of the James River watershed,and again no record exists of a family relationship with this man,nor Edward nor Thomas Peirce. [10]
Peirce's precise death date and burial place are unknown. He last appeared at a meeting of the Governor's Council in February 1644/45,and his widow remarried in 1646. Since the only records which remain and mention his descendants relate to his wife,his daughter and granddaughter Elizabeth,his relationship with William Pierce who served as a burgess after his death is presumed distant.
John Rolfe was an English explorer,farmer and merchant. He is best known for being the husband of Pocahontas and the first settler in the colony of Virginia to successfully cultivate a tobacco crop for export.
Sir George Yeardley was a planter and colonial governor of the colony of Virginia. He was also among the first slaveowners in Colonial America. A survivor of the Virginia Company of London's ill-fated Third Supply Mission,whose flagship,the Sea Venture,was shipwrecked on Bermuda for ten months from 1609 to 1610,he is best remembered for presiding over the initial session of the first representative legislative body in Virginia in 1619. With representatives from throughout the settled portion of the colony,the group became known as the House of Burgesses. It has met continuously since,and is known in modern times as the Virginia General Assembly. Yeardley died in 1627.
Thomas Rolfe was the only child of Pocahontas and her English husband,John Rolfe. His maternal grandfather was Chief Powhatan,the leader of the Powhatan tribe in Virginia.
William Moss Capps,Sr. was born in Norfolk,England in or around 1575. William married Catherine Jernagin in Norwich,Norfolk,England,11-Dec-1596,at St. Michael at Plea. He and his wife had five children together:Henry,Frances,Willoughby,Anne,and William.
Lt. Col. Samuel Mathews (1630–1660),Commonwealth Governor of Virginia,of Warwick County in the English Colony of Virginia,was a member of the House of Burgesses,the Governor's Council,and served as Commonwealth Governor of Virginia from 1656 until he died in office in January 1660. There was no Royal Governorship at the time of the "Protectorate",and the Governor technically answered to the Cromwellian Parliament,although Royalist sentiment was prevalent in the colony of Virginia at this time. The former Royalist governor Berkeley arrived to replace him on March 13,1660.
Colonel Edward Hill was a Virginia planter,soldier and politician. In addition to representing Charles City County for many terms in the House of Burgesses,fellow members three times selected him as its Speaker,and he sat in the Virginia General Assembly's upper house,the Virginia Governor's Council in 1651 as well as from 1660 to 1663. Burgesses also sent Hill to Maryland to put down Richard Ingle's 1646 rebellion,and he acted as the colony's temporary governor before ceding to the proper governor,Leonard Calvert,but later contested nonpayment of monies promised to him and Virginia militia troops for that action. Col. Hill also led the Charles County and Henrico County militia and Pamunkey Native Americans against other tribes in Hanover County in 1656,with less success.
Captain Thomas Harwood emigrated from Britain and became a soldier,landowner and politician in the Colony of Virginia. He founded a family which like him for generations often represented the area now known as Newport News,but which in his day was known as Mulberry Island,and later Warwick River and still later Warwick County. Despite coming into conflict with royal governor Sir John Harvey in 1635,and a gap in legislative service,Harwood became the 5th speaker of the House of Burgesses.
Temperance Flowerdew,Lady Yeardley was an early settler of the Jamestown Colony and a key member of the Flowerdew family,significant participants in the history of Jamestown. Temperance Flowerdew was wife of two Governors of Virginia,sister of another early colonist,aunt to a representative at the first General Assembly and "cousin-german" to the Secretary to the Colony.
William Powell,was an early Virginia colonist,landowner,militia officer and legislator. Considered an ancient planter for living in the Virginia colony during its first decade,he was one of two representatives from what became James City County,Virginia in the first Virginia House of Burgesses in 1619. His former plantation,now across the James River in Surry County,Virginia is now within Chippokes State Park.
Col. William Travers was a lawyer,early settler and politician of Colonial Virginia.
Reverend Richard Buck was a minister to the Colony of Virginia at Jamestown,Virginia from 1610 to 1624. He was chaplain of the first session of the Virginia General Assembly,which was composed of the House of Burgesses and the Virginia Governor's Council. This assembly met in the church at Jamestown on July 30,1619,as the first elected assembly and law making body in colonial America.
Henry Corbin was an emigrant from England who became a tobacco planter in the Virginia colony and served in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly,in the House of Burgesses representing Lancaster County before the creation of Middlesex County on Virginia's Middle Neck,then on the Governor's Council.
Samuel Sharpe,sometimes referred to as Samuel Sharp was an early Virginia colonist who settled in the area that became Charles City County,Virginia. He came to Virginia in 1610 with most of the passengers and crew of the Sea Venture as they made their way to the colony after 10 months in Bermuda. They had wrecked in a storm there and built two small boats to complete their journey to Jamestown. Along with Samuel Jordan,he represented Charles City as a burgess in the first general assembly of the Virginia House of Burgesses in Jamestown,Virginia in 1619. He was a representative for Westover,an incorporation of Charles City,in the 1623/24 assembly and signed a letter along with several burgesses at the time of that assembly.
William Spence was an early Virginia colonist on Jamestown Island. He was member of the first assembly of the Virginia House of Burgesses in Jamestown,Virginia in 1619. Spence became an ensign in the local militia and is thus sometimes identified as Ensign William Spence or Ensign Spence. He was an early farmer on Jamestown Island,a tobacco taster and landowner at Archer's Hope. He,his wife and his young daughter,Sara,or Sarah,avoided the Indian massacre of 1622,but Spence and his wife were reported "lost" at the census of February 16,1624.
William Spencer was an early Virginia colonist on Jamestown Island,who was an Ancient planter and a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses in Jamestown,Virginia for Mulberry Island in 1632/33.
William Cole emigrated from Essex,England to the Colony of Virginia in 1618,and in 1629 was one of the two men who represented Nutmegg Quarter in the House of Burgesses.
Humphrey Harwood (ca.1649-1700) was a soldier,landowner and politician in the Colony of Virginia.
George Jordan (1620-1679) was a British attorney who also became a planter and politician in the Colony of Virginia. He twice served as the colony's attorney general and at various times represented James City County and Surry County in the House of Burgesses,and may have served on the Virginia Governor's Council.
Richard Lawrence was an Oxford University graduate who emigrated to the Virginia colony where after various real estate speculations,he married a wealthy widow and became a tavernkeeper in Jamestown. Lawrence became one of Nathaniel Bacon's closest confidantes during Bacon's Rebellion and briefly served in the House of Burgesses during that conflict,after which he vanished with two other men otherwise likely to have been sentenced to death for treason.
Otto Thorpe or Thorp(1630-winter of 1696/1697) was an English merchant who became a militia officer and politician of Middle Plantation in the Colony of Virginia. His home was commandeered during Bacon's Rebellion,and in April 1682,Thorpe briefly represented York County in the House of Burgesses,before returning to England,where he died more than a decade later.