Worker Peasant Student and Popular Front Frente Obrero Campesino Estudiantil y Popular | |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | FOCEP |
| Leader | Genaro Ledesma Izquieta |
| Founded | 1977 |
| Ideology | Communism Factions: Trotskyism Maoism |
| Political position | Far-left |
| National affiliation | PST PCP(ML) POMR IU (1985-1990) |
The Worker Peasant Student and Popular Front (Frente Obrero Campesino Estudiantil y Popular) or FOCEP is a political party in Peru. [1] It was founded as a broad front in 1977 by a group around Genaro Ledesma Izquieta, Socialist Workers Party, Peruvian Communist Party (Red Flag) and Revolutionary Marxist Workers Party. FOCEP participated in the elections in 1978. It later converted itself into a party, but only with the group around Ledesma. It participated in the 1980 elections alone, and on IU lists in 1985 and 1990. It maintains good relations with the Workers' Party of Korea of the DPRK and has signed the 1992 Pyongyang Declaration. [2]
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
  | This article about a Peruvian political party is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
 | This communist party–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
Communism in Peru was represented by far-left-oriented organizations that refer to themselves as communist (comunista) parties, movements, organizations, groups, etc.
The Workers' Party of Marxist Unification was a Spanish communist party formed during the Second Republic and mainly active around the Spanish Civil War. It was formed by the fusion of the Trotskyist Communist Left of Spain and the Workers and Peasants' Bloc against the will of Leon Trotsky, with whom the former broke.
The Communist Party (Swedish: Kommunistiska partiet, K) is a Marxist–Leninist political party in Sweden started in 1970. From 1970 to 1977, it was known as the Communist League Marxist–Leninists (Revolutionaries) (Swedish: Kommunistiska Förbundet Marxist-Leninisterna (revolutionärerna), KFML(r)) and from 1977 to 2004 as the Communist Party Marxist–Leninists (Revolutionaries) (Swedish: Kommunistiska Partiet Marxist-Leninisterna (revolutionärerna), KPML(r)). At the 14th Party Congress held in Gothenburg in January 2005, it was decided to change the name to the current one.
The Party of Labour of Albania (PLA), also referred to as the Albanian Workers' Party (AWP), was the ruling and sole legal party of Albania during the communist period (1945–1991). It was founded on 8 November 1941 as the Communist Party of Albania but changed its name in 1948 following a recommendation by Joseph Stalin. The party was dissolved on 13 June 1991 and succeeded by the Socialist Party of Albania and the new Communist Party of Albania. For most of its existence, the party was dominated by its First Secretary, Enver Hoxha, who was also the de facto leader of Albania from 1944 until his death in 1985.
The Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist–Maoist), abbreviated CPN (MLM), was a minor communist party in Nepal. The party was as founded in 1981 by Krishna Das Shrestha. Initially known as the Nepal Marxist-Leninist Party, Shrestha had broken away from the Bagmati District Committee, which functioned semiautonomously, of the Communist Party of Nepal in 1969. Krishna Das Shrestha was the party president.
The Peruvian Communist Party (Marxist–Leninist) is an anti-revisionist Marxist–Leninist communist party in Peru. It was founded in January 1964 following a split in the Peruvian Communist Party, and was originally known as the Peruvian Communist Party – Red Flag.
The National Liberation Front (FLN) was a political party in Peru founded in 1960 by Lieutenant General César Pando Egúsquiza, Salomón Bolo Hidalgo, and Genaro Carnero Checa. It participated in the 1962 elections, receiving support from various Marxist groups.
The Communist Party of Peru – Red Fatherland is a far-left, communist political party in Peru. It was founded in 1970, through a split in the Peruvian Communist Party – Red Flag. It is led by Alberto Moreno and Rolando Breña. Its youth wing is the Communist Youth of Peru.
Union of Iranian Communists (Sarbedaran) (UIC(S); also non-officially translated by others as the League of Iranian Communists; Persian: اتحادیه کمونیستهای ایران, romanized: ʾEtteḥādiye-ye Komūnīst-hāy-e ʾErān, lit. 'Union of the Communists of Iran'), simply known by its former armed branch's name Sarbedaran (Persian: سربداران, romanized: Sar-be-Dār-ān, lit. 'the head-on-gallow mass') was a Maoist organization in Iran. The UIC(S) was formed in 1976 after the alliance of a number of Maoist groups carrying out military actions within Iran. The group prepared an insurrection starting in 1981, but it was dismantled by 1982.
The Revolutionary Marxist–Leninist League was a small Maoist political party in Britain.
The United People's Front of Nepal, abbreviated SJM, was the front of the Communist Party of Nepal, or CPN (UC).
The Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist) (RCPB-ML) and Occasionally referred to as RCP is a small British communist political party, previously named the Communist Party of England (Marxist-Leninist) on formation in 1972 until being reorganised in 1979 after rejecting Maoism and aligning with Albania. The party's thinking is based on the politics of Hardial Bains, who travelled the world founding orthodox (anti-revisionist) communist parties.
The Communist Workers League of Britain (Marxist–Leninist) (CWLB) was a Maoist political party in Britain.
Left communism, or the communist left, is a position held by the left wing of communism, which criticises the political ideas and practices espoused by Marxist–Leninists and social democrats. Left communists assert positions which they regard as more authentically Marxist than the views of Marxism–Leninism espoused by the Communist International after its Bolshevization by Joseph Stalin and during its second congress.
A popular front is "any coalition of working-class and middle-class parties", including liberal and social democratic ones, "united for the defense of democratic forms" against "a presumed Fascist assault". More generally, it is "a coalition especially of leftist political parties against a common opponent". However, other alliances such as the Popular Front of India have used the term, and not all leftist or anti-fascist coalitions use the term "popular front".
The International Conference of Marxist–Leninist Parties and Organizations (ICMLPO) was an international grouping of political parties and organizations adhering to Mao Zedong Thought founded in 1998 by the Marxist-Leninist Party of Germany. It was organized by a Joint Coordination Group and met every two or three years. It ceased to exist in 2017.
A united front is an alliance of groups against their common enemies, figuratively evoking unification of previously separate geographic fronts and/or unification of previously separate armies into a front. The name often refers to a political and/or military struggle carried out by revolutionaries, especially in revolutionary socialism, communism, or anarchism. The basic theory of the united front tactic among socialists was first developed by the Communist International, an international communist organization created by communists in the wake of the October Revolution. According to the thesis of the 1922 4th World Congress of the Communist International:
The united front tactic is simply an initiative whereby the communists propose to join with all workers belonging to other parties and groups and all unaligned workers in a common struggle to defend the immediate, basic interests of the working class against the bourgeoisie.
