Related Research Articles
Iconology is a method of interpretation in cultural history and the history of the visual arts used by Aby Warburg, Erwin Panofsky and their followers that uncovers the cultural, social, and historical background of themes and subjects in the visual arts. Though Panofsky differentiated between iconology and iconography, the distinction is not very widely followed, "and they have never been given definitions accepted by all iconographers and iconologists". Few 21st-century authors continue to use the term "iconology" consistently, and instead use iconography to cover both areas of scholarship.
In the visual arts, style is a "... distinctive manner which permits the grouping of works into related categories" or "... any distinctive, and therefore recognizable, way in which an act is performed or an artifact made or ought to be performed and made". Style refers to the visual appearance of a work of art that relates to other works with similar aesthetic roots, by the same artist, or from the same period, training, location, "school", art movement or archaeological culture: "The notion of style has long been historian's principal mode of classifying works of art".
Information art, which is also known as informatism or data art, is an art form that is inspired by and principally incorporates data, computer science, information technology, artificial intelligence, and related data-driven fields. The information revolution has resulted in over-abundant data that are critical in a wide range of areas, from the Internet to healthcare systems. Related to conceptual art, electronic art and new media art, informatism considers this new technological, economical, and cultural paradigm shift, such that artworks may provide social commentaries, synthesize multiple disciplines, and develop new aesthetics. Realization of information art often take, although not necessarily, interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approaches incorporating visual, audio, data analysis, performance, and others. Furthermore, physical and virtual installations involving informatism often provide human-computer interaction that generate artistic contents based on the processing of large amounts of data.
Peter Weibel was an Austrian post-conceptual artist, curator, and new media theoretician. He started out in 1964 as a visual poet, then later moved from the page to the screen within the sense of post-structuralist methodology. His work includes virtual reality and other digital art forms. From 1999 he was the director of the ZKM Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe.
The ZKM | Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe, a cultural institution, was founded in 1989 and, since 1997, is located in a former munitions factory in Karlsruhe, Germany. The ZKM organizes special exhibitions and thematic events, conducts research and produces works on the effects of media, digitization, and globalization, and offers public as well as individualized communications and educational programs.
Visual culture is the aspect of culture expressed in visual images. Many academic fields study this subject, including cultural studies, art history, critical theory, philosophy, media studies, Deaf Studies, and anthropology.
Gottfried Boehm is a German art historian and philosopher.
Alois Riegl was an Austrian art historian, and is considered a member of the Vienna School of Art History. He was one of the major figures in the establishment of art history as a self-sufficient academic discipline, and one of the most influential practitioners of formalism.
John B Onians, FSA is Professor Emeritus of World Art at the University of East Anglia, Norwich and specialised in architecture, especially the architectural theory of the Italian Renaissance; painting, sculpture and architecture in Ancient Greece and Rome; Byzantine art, material culture, metaphor and thought; perception and cognition, and the biological basis of art. His recent work has been instrumental in the establishment of Neuroarthistory as a distinct set of methodologies.
An academic discipline or academic field is a subdivision of knowledge that is taught and researched at the college or university level. Disciplines are defined and recognized by the academic journals in which research is published, and the learned societies and academic departments or faculties within colleges and universities to which their practitioners belong. Academic disciplines are conventionally divided into the humanities, including language, art and cultural studies, and the scientific disciplines, such as physics, chemistry, and biology; the social sciences are sometimes considered a third category.
Hans Belting was a German art historian and media theorist with a focus on image science, and this with regard to contemporary art and to the Italian art of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance.
Art history is the study of aesthetic objects and visual expression in historical and stylistic context. Traditionally, the discipline of art history emphasized painting, drawing, sculpture, architecture, ceramics and decorative arts; yet today, art history examines broader aspects of visual culture, including the various visual and conceptual outcomes related to an ever-evolving definition of art. Art history encompasses the study of objects created by different cultures around the world and throughout history that convey meaning, importance or serve usefulness primarily through visual representations.
Horst Bredekamp is a German art historian and visual historian.
George Oprescu was a Romanian historian, art critic and collector. Born into a poor family, he developed a taste for the fine arts early in life, as well as for the French language, which he taught into his forties. Subsequently, working for the League of Nations, he turned his attention to art history, becoming a professor in the field at the University of Bucharest in 1931. He was also a museum curator and magazine editor, and in 1949 established the Institute of Art History, which he led for two decades until his death. His substantial private collection is now in the hands of various institutions, while his written body of work helped lay the foundation for art history to become a serious discipline in his country.
Remus Niculescu (1927–2005) was a Romanian art historian. Due to his closeness to philosopher Constantin Noica, the Communist regime staged a show trial against him, but he was later rehabilitated.
Bruce Mazlish was an American historian who was a professor in the Department of History at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His work focused on historiography and philosophy of history, history of science and technology, artificial intelligence, history of the social sciences, the two cultures and bridging the humanities and sciences, revolution, psychohistory, history of globalization and the history of global citizenship. He worked to build the latter two fields of inquiry into a public intellectual movement, through initiatives such as the New Global History conferences.
Svetozar Radojčić was a Serbian art historian and academic. He played an important part in establishing the method of iconology in the second part of the 20th century.
Hippolyte Gevaert or Fierens-Gevaert was a Belgian art historian, philosopher, art critic, singer, and writer.
Bildwissenschaft is an academic discipline in the German-speaking world. Similar to visual studies, and defined in relation to art history, Bildwissenschaft refers to a number of different approaches to images, their interpretation and their social significance.
C. J. M. "Kitty" Zijlmans is a Dutch art historian. She was professor of art history at Leiden University between 2000 and 2021. She has been mostly focused on visual arts and intercultural exchange.
References
- ↑ i.e. the School of Art History and World Art Studies at the University of East Anglia in Norwich, and the courses at the University of Leiden.
- ↑ Kitty Zijlmans and Wilfried Van Damme, World Art Studiesin Art History and Visual Studies in Europe: Transnational Discourses and National Frameworks, eds. Matthew Rampley, Thierry Lenain, Hubert Locher, Brill, 2012.
- ↑ John Onians, World Art Studies and the Need for a New Natural History of Art in "Art Bulletin, n. 78, 1996.
- ↑ Kitty Zijlmans and Wilfried Van Damme make reference to the publication edited by Klaus Sachs-Hombach Bildwissenschaft: Disziplinen, Themen, Methoden, Surhkamp, Frankfurt am Main, 2005.
- ↑ Bruce Mazlish, An Introduction to Glocal History in Conceptualizing Global History, ed. Bruce Mazlish and Ralph Buultjens, Westview Press, 1993.
- ↑ David Summers, Real Spaces: World Art History and the Rise of Western Modernism, Phaidon Press, New York, 2003.
- ↑ James Elkins, Stories of Art, Routledge, New York, 2002.
