Xanthidium

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Xanthidium
Xanthidium.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Clade: Viridiplantae
(unranked): Charophyta
Class: Zygnematophyceae
Order: Desmidiales
Family: Desmidiaceae
Genus: Xanthidium
Ehrenberg ex Ralfs, 1848
Type species
Xanthidium aculeatum
Ehrenberg ex Ralfs [1]
Species [1]

Xanthidium is a genus of green algae, specifically of the Desmidiaceae. [2]

Contents

Description

Xanthidium exists as symmetrical single cells. Cells are deeply constricted, forming two halves called semicells; they are rectangular, rounded, or polygonal in front view, flattened. The angles are usually drawn out into spines, which are typically paired and sometimes branched. Semicells often have a protuberance or additional spine in the center of the semicell. Cells have two or many axile chloroplasts which fill the cell. [3] [4] A notable exception is the species Xanthidium tumidum , formerly placed in the genus Staurastrum as Staurastrum tumidum. Morphologically it is triangular in cross section (unlike other species, which are flattened in cross section). Its placement in this genus is due to molecular data. [5]

Identification

Species identification of Xanthidium depends on the shape of the cell, cell wall ornamentation, and location and number of the spines. However, some species such as Xanthidium antilopaeum are notoriously polymorphic. [6]

Habitat

Like other desmids, most species of Xanthidium prefer acidic waters. [7]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Desmidiales</span> Order of algae

Desmidiales, commonly called the desmids, are an order in the Charophyta, a division of green algae in which the land plants (Embryophyta) emerged. Desmids consist of single-celled microscopic green algae. Because desmids are highly symmetrical, attractive, and come in a diversity of forms, they are popular subjects for microscopists, both amateur and professional.

<i>Euastrum oblongum</i> Species of alga

Euastrum oblongum is a species of desmid, in the family Desmidiaceae.

<i>Micrasterias</i> Genus of algae

Micrasterias is a unicellular green alga of the order Desmidiales. Its species vary in size reaching up to hundreds of microns.

<i>Lagerheimia</i> Genus of algae

Lagerheimia is a genus of green algae in the family Oocystaceae. It is commonly found in freshwater habitats all over the world, although some species are rare and have only been recorded from Europe or the United States.

<i>Treubaria</i> Genus of algae

Treubaria is a genus of microscopic green algae, the sole genus in the family Treubariaceae. Treubaria is found in freshwater habitats and has a cosmopolitan distribution.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Desmidiaceae</span> Family of algae

The Desmidiaceae are one of four families of charophyte green algae in the order Desmidiales (desmids).

<i>Bambusina</i> Genus of algae

Bambusina is a genus of freshwater green algae in the family Desmidiaceae. Bambusina is a cosmopolitan genus, typically associated with acidic and oligotrophic waters. Species of this genus, particularly B. borreri, have been reported in all continents except Antarctica.

<i>Closterium</i> Genus of algae

Closterium is a genus of desmid, a group of charophyte green algae. It is placed in the family Closteriaceae. Species of Closterium are a common component of freshwater microalgae flora worldwide.

<i>Cosmarium</i> Genus of algae

Cosmarium is a large genus of desmids (Desmidiaceae), a group of green algae closely related to the land plants (Embryophyta). Members of this genus are microscopic and found in freshwater habitats around the world.

Cosmocladium is a genus of green algae, specifically of the Desmidiaceae. Currently there are 7 accepted species, though there are 11 described. The holotype is Cosmocladium pulchellum Brébisson described in 1856.

<i>Desmidium</i> Genus of algae

Desmidium is a genus of green algae, specifically of the Desmidiaceae.

<i>Euastrum</i> Genus of algae

Euastrum is a genus of green algae of the Desmidiaceae family. It lives in acidic waters.

<i>Pleurotaenium</i> Genus of algae

Pleurotaenium is a genus of green algae, specifically of the desmids (Desmidiaceae).

Spinoclosterium is a genus of green algae, specifically of the Closteriaceae. It is rare, but widely distributed in freshwater regions throughout the world.

<i>Staurastrum</i> Genus of algae

Staurastrum is a large genus of desmids (Desmidiaceae), a group of green algae closely related to the land plants (Embryophyta). Members of this genus are microscopic and found in freshwater habitats around the world.

<i>Staurodesmus</i> Genus of algae

Staurodesmus is a genus of green algae, specifically of the Desmidiaceae.

<i>Triploceras</i> Genus of algae

Triploceras is a genus of desmid in the family Desmidiaceae.

<i>Cosmarium botrytis</i> Species of alga

Cosmarium botrytis is a species of green algae in the family Desmidiaceae. It is a freshwater species with a worldwide distribution, and has been recorded from all continents.

Prescottiella is a genus of green algae in the family Desmidiaceae, containing the single species Prescottiella sudanensis. Originally classified as Micrasterias sudanensis in 1958, it was moved into its own genus by Carlos E. M. Bicudo in 1976, due to its asymmetric character. It is named after Gerald Webber Prescott, an American phycologist.

<i>Xanthidium antilopaeum</i> Species of desmid

Xanthidium antilopaeum is a species of unicellular desmid in the family Desmidiaceae. It is a common, worldwide species found in acidic waters, particularly the edges of large ponds and lakes.

References

  1. 1 2 Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Xanthidium". AlgaeBase . World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. Retrieved 2023-12-08.
  2. ↑ See the NCBI webpage on Xanthidium. Data extracted from the "NCBI taxonomy resources". National Center for Biotechnology Information . Retrieved 2007-03-19.
  3. ↑ Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Xanthidium". AlgaeBase . World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. Retrieved 2023-04-29.
  4. ↑ Hall, John D.; McCourt, Richard M. (2014). "Chapter 9. Conjugating Green Algae Including Desmids". In Wehr, John D.; Sheath, Robert G.; Kociolek, J. Patrick (eds.). Freshwater Algae of North America: Ecology and Classification (2 ed.). Elsevier Inc. ISBN   978-0-12-385876-4.
  5. ↑ Stastny, Jan; Skaloud, Pavel; Langenbach, Dorothee; Nemjova, Katarina; Neustupa, Jiri (2013). "Polyphasic evaluation of Xanthidium antilopaeum and Xanthidium cristatum (Zygnematophyceae, Streptophyta) species complex". Journal of Phycology. 49 (2): 401–416. doi:10.1111/jpy.12051. PMID   27008526. S2CID   23597409.
  6. ↑ Matthews, Robin A. (2023). "Freshwater Algae in Northwest Washington, Volume III. Desmids, Part A". A Collection of Open Access Books and Monographs. Western Washington University.
  7. ↑ Prescott, G. W.; Bicudo, C. E. M.; Vinyard, W. C. (1982). A Synopsis of North American Desmids. Part II: Desmidiaceae: Placodermae. Section 4. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. p. 700.


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