| Xylocopa inconstans | |
|---|---|
 | |
| X. inconstans female in the Kruger NP | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Apidae |
| Genus: | Xylocopa |
| Species: | X. inconstans |
| Binomial name | |
| Xylocopa inconstans Smith, 1874 | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
| |
Xylocopa inconstans is a species of carpenter bee. [2]
Xylocopa inconstans can reach a length of about 20–26 millimetres (0.79–1.02 in). The scutellum has a right angle. The back side of the mesosoma and the first tergite show a white pubescence. [3]
This species can be found in Senegal, Burkina-Faso, Togo, Cameroon, RCongo, DRCongo, Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Angola, Botswana, Namibia and South Africa. [4]
Carpenter bees are species in the genus Xylocopa of the subfamily Xylocopinae. The genus includes some 500 bees in 31 subgenera. The common name "carpenter bee" derives from their nesting behavior; nearly all species burrow into hard plant material such as dead wood or bamboo. The main exceptions are species in the subgenus Proxylocopa; they dig nesting tunnels in suitable soil.
Xylocopa virginica, more commonly known as the eastern carpenter bee, extends through the eastern United States and into Canada. They nest in various types of wood and eat pollen and nectar. The eastern carpenter bee is similar to most other bee species in that it does not have a queen; in Xylocopa virginica, females are responsible for reproduction, foraging, and nest construction, though they may sometimes have help from their daughters. Xylocopa virginica is sympatric with Xylocopa micans in the southeastern United States.
Xylocopa violacea, the violet carpenter bee, is the common European species of carpenter bee, and one of the largest bees in Europe. It is also native to Asia.
Xylocopa sonorina, the valley carpenter bee or Hawaiian carpenter bee, is a species of carpenter bee found from western Texas to northern California, and the eastern Pacific islands. Females are black while males are golden-brown with green eyes.
Xylocopa caffra is a species of Afrotropical carpenter bee that ranges from west to central and southern Africa, besides Madagascar and some Indian Ocean archipelagos.
Xylocopa caerulea, the blue carpenter bee, is a species of carpenter bee.
Xylocopa aestuans, or Xylocopa (Koptortosoma) aestuans, is a species of carpenter bee. It is widely distributed in Southeast Asia.
The Oriental carpenter bee, Xylocopa nasalis, or Xylocopa (Biluna) nasalis, is a species of carpenter bee. It is widely distributed in Southeast Asian countries. It is a major pollinator within its ecosystem, and is often mistaken for a bumblebee. The species leads a solitary lifestyle with a highly female-biased colony in the nest.
Xylocopa africana is a species of carpenter bee.
Xylocopa olivacea is a species of carpenter bee. It has a completely yellow thorax and a yellow band on the first tergite. This species is very similar to X. calens, endemic to Madagascar. X. calens just differs in the length of the hair on the metasoma.
Xylocopa combusta is a species of carpenter bee.
Xylocopa darwini, the Galápagos carpenter bee, is one of only three species of bees found in the Galápagos Islands, to which it is endemic. This species is sexually dimorphic, is found on 75% of the largest islands, and is known for its complex behavior. As the only native bee, Xylocopa darwini serves as an important primary pollinator within the plant-pollinator network of the archipelago.
Xylocopa sulcatipes is a large Arabian carpenter bee. These multivoltine bees are known to take part in social nesting and cooperative nesting. These metasocial carpenter bees nest in thin dead branches. One or more cooperating females build many brood cells. They have been extensively studied in Saudi Arabia and Israel.
Xylocopa pubescens is a species of large carpenter bee. Females form nests by excavation with their mandibles, often in dead or soft wood. X. pubescens is commonly found in areas extending from India to Northeast and West Africa. It must reside in these warm climates because it requires a minimum ambient temperature of 18 degrees Celsius in order to forage.
Xylocopa micans, also known as the southern carpenter bee, is a species of bee within Xylocopa, the genus of carpenter bees. The southern carpenter bee can be found mainly in the coastal and gulf regions of the southeastern United States, as well as Mexico and Guatemala. Like all Xylocopa bees, X. micans bees excavate nests in woody plant material. However, unlike its sympatric species Xylocopa virginica, X. micans has not been found to construct nest galleries in structural timbers of building, making it less of an economic nuisance to humans. Carpenter bees have a wide range of mating strategies between different species. The southern carpenter bee exhibits a polymorphic mating strategy, with its preferred method of mating changing as the season progresses from early spring to mid summer. Like most bees in its genus, the southern carpenter bee is considered a solitary bee because it does not live in colonies.
Xylocopa appendiculata is a species of carpenter bee in the family Apidae.
Xylocopa mexicanorum is a species of carpenter bee in the family Apidae. It is found in Central America and North America.
Xylocopa micheneri, or Michener's carpenter bee, is a species of carpenter bee in the family Apidae. It is found in Central America and North America.
Xylocopa tabaniformis, the horsefly-like carpenter bee, is a species of carpenter bee in the family Apidae. It is found in Central America, North America, and South America.
Xylocopa strandi, or Strand's carpenter bee, is a species of carpenter bee in the family Apidae. It is found in Central America and North America.
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