Yunganastes fraudator | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Amphibia |
Order: | Anura |
Family: | Strabomantidae |
Genus: | Yunganastes |
Species: | Y. fraudator |
Binomial name | |
Yunganastes fraudator | |
Synonyms [2] | |
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Yunganastes fraudator is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Bolivia and found in the Cochabamba Department to the border with the Santa Cruz Department. It is sometimes known as Cochamba robber frog. [2] Its specific name fraudator means "cheat" or "deceiver" and refers to its resemblance with Gastrotheca marsupiata .
Adult males in the type series (two individuals) measure about 28 mm (1.1 in) in snout–vent length (SVL). [3] In a larger series, adult males measure 26–33 mm (1.0–1.3 in) and adult females 40–48 mm (1.6–1.9 in) SVL. [4] The snout is rounded. The canthus rostralis is sharp. The supra-tympanic fold is slightly obscuring the upper edge of the tympanum. Neither fingers nor toes have webbing but may have weakly defined lateral fringes. The outer fingers have slightly enlarged tips; only the IV toe has enlarged disc. Dorsal skin is smooth to shagreened with few scattered warts. The dorsum is brown to grey and has dark brown to black longitudinal stripes and black canthal–supra-tympanic and labial stripes. [3] [4]
Its natural habitat is cloud forest of the Yungas at elevations of 2,000–3,000 m (6,600–9,800 ft) above sea level. It is nocturnal and mostly terrestrial, but some individuals can be active in brushwoods, bushes, and ferns, or on the ground during the day. [1]
Yunganastes fraudator is a reasonably common frog although it is locally suffering from habitat loss. Its range overlaps with the Carrasco and Amboró National Parks. [1]
Nymphargus bejaranoi is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to the eastern slopes of the Bolivian Andes in the Cochabamba, Chuquisaca, La Paz, and Santa Cruz departments. The specific name bejaranoi honors Gastón Bejarano, a Bolivian zoologist and Director of Forestry and National Parks, Ministry of Agriculture. Common name Bolivian Cochran frog has been coined for this species.
Yunganastes ashkapara is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Bolivia and is known from the vicinity of its type locality in the Chapare Province and from Abra de la Cruz in the Manuel María Caballero Province. The specific name ashkapara is derived from Quechuan ashka meaning "a lot" and para for "rain", and refers to the very high rainfall in the region of the type locality.
Yunganastes bisignatus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the La Paz Department, Bolivia, and known from between the Inquisivi and Nor Yungas Provinces. It has been considered synonym of Pristimantis fenestratus but is now treated as valid species.
Pristimantis eremitus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in the Cordillera Occidental in north-western Ecuador from the Cotopaxi Province northward and on western slope of the Colombian Massif in the Nariño Department, extreme south-western Colombia. The specific name eremitus is Latin for "lonely" or "solitary" and refers to this species being the only western-Andean species among its closest relatives. Common names Chiriboga robber frog and lonely rainfrog have been coined for it.
Pristimantis euphronides is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Grenada, an island in the Lesser Antilles, the Caribbean. Is sometimes known as the Grenada frog. It was originally described as a subspecies of Eleutherodactylus urichi, but since 1994 it has been recognized as a full species.
Diasporus gularis, also known as the Esmeraldas robber frog, is a species of frog in the family Eleutherodactylidae. It is found in western Colombia and northwestern and central Ecuador.
Pristimantis leptolophus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Colombia and known from the páramos of the Colombian Massif and Cordillera Central in the departments of Cauca and Huila. The specific name leptolophus is derived from Greek leptos ("thin") and lophos ("crest") and refers to the low dorsolateral folds of this frog. Common name volcano robber frog has been coined for it.
Pristimantis maculosus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Colombia and is only known from a few localities in the Cordillera Central in Caldas, Antioquia, and Quindío Departments. The specific name maculosus is Latin for "dappled" or "spotted" and refers to the pale spots on the hidden surfaces of this species. Common name spotted robber frog has been coined for it.
Yunganastes mercedesae is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in Bolivia and southern Peru. It is sometimes known as Mercedes' robber frog. It is named after Mercedes S. Foster, who collected the holotype and was acknowledged for her herpetological collection efforts in South America.
Eleutherodactylus parapelates is a species of frog in the family Eleutherodactylidae. It is endemic to the Massif de la Hotte in southwestern Haiti. Common names Casillon robber frog and Macaya burrowing frog have been proposed for it.
Pristimantis piceus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Colombia and occurs in the Cordillera Central between the Antioquia Department in the north and the Cauca Department in the south. Many specimens are black in color, and the specific name piceus is Latin meaning "pitch-black".
Yunganastes pluvicanorus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Bolivia and found on the eastern slopes of the Cordillera Oriental in the Cochabamba and Santa Cruz Departments.
Pristimantis scoloblepharus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Colombia and is only known from three localities in the Cordillera Central in the Antioquia Department. The specific name scoloblepharus is derived from Greek skolos (=pointed) and blepharis (=eyelash) and refers to the large tubercle in its eyelid. Common name Los Patos robber frog has been coined for it.
Pristimantis scopaeus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Colombia and occurs in the Cordillera Central in the Tolima and Quindío Departments. Pristimantis scopaeus is a dwarf species: adult males in the type series were first mistaken for juveniles of Pristimantis simoteriscus, which itself already is a small species. The specific name scopaeus is Latinization of the Greek skopaios, meaning "dwarf".
Eleutherodactylus tetajulia is a species of frog in the family Eleutherodactylidae. It is endemic to southeastern Cuba and is known from the Sierra de Cristal, Monte Iberia, Tetas de Julia, and Meseta del Toldo in the Holguín and Guantánamo Provinces. The specific name tetajulia refers to Las Tetas de Julia, a pair of prominent peaks on Monte Iberia, near the type locality of this species.
Diasporus tinker is a species of frogs in the family Eleutherodactylidae. It is endemic to Colombia where it is known from scattered localities between the southern Córdoba Department in the north through Antioquia and Chocó Departments to the Valle del Cauca Department in the south. The specific name tinker refers to the "tink"-like advertisement call.
Pristimantis tribulosus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Colombia and is only known from the vicinity of its type locality near Samaná in the Caldas Department, on the eastern slope of the Cordillera Central. The specific name tribulosus, meaning "thorny", refers to the numerous tubercles that cover the upper surfaces of this species.
Craugastor vulcani is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is endemic to the Sierra de los Tuxtlas range in southern Veracruz state, Mexico. Its name refers to its type locality on the San Martin Tuxtla volcano. Common name Volcan San Martin rainfrog has been proposed for it.
Oreobates saxatilis, also known as Tarapoto big-headed frog, is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Peru and known from near its type locality near Tarapoto as well as from the Río Tambo District in the Satipo Province, Panguana in the Puerto Inca Province, and Río Kimbiri in the La Convención Province.
Yunganastes is a small genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae found in southern Peru and central to northern Bolivia. They were formerly placed in the genus Eleutherodactylus as the "Eleutherodactylus fraudator group", subsequently moved to Pristimantis, before becoming recognized as a separate subgenus, and finally, a genus. Its sister taxon is the genus Pristimantis. Yunganastes are endemic to the cloud forests and humid montane forests of the Cordillera Oriental of the Andes in Bolivia and southern Peru.