Zopherinae

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Ironclad beetles
Ironclad Beetle.jpg
Ironclad beetle, Zopherus nodulosus haldemani
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Infraorder: Cucujiformia
Family: Zopheridae
Subfamily: Zopherinae
Solier, 1834
Tribes [1]

Zopherinae is a subfamily of beetles, commonly known as ironclad beetles. Together with the subfamily Usechinae, they have been treated historically as a family, but have recently been joined by several additional taxa, making the Zopheridae a much larger composite family, and the Zopherinae are now only a small component within it, consisting of seven genera in the tribe Zopherini and one, Phellopsis in its own tribe (Phellopsini).

These beetles are apparently fungivores and associated with rotting wood, and as the common name implies, have one of the hardest of all arthropod exoskeletons; in some species, it is almost impossible to drive an insect pin through their bodies without using a small drill to make a hole first.

When disturbed, ironclad beetles play dead.

Some species in the genus Zopherus in Mexico are decorated with costume jewelry glued to their bodies, and sold as living brooches, known as ma'kech . [2]

Selected species

Phellopsis montana Casey, 1907
Phellopsis obcordata (Kirby, 1837)
Phellopsis porcata
Phellopsis robustula Casey, 1907
Nosoderma aequale
Nosoderma diabolicum (LeConte, 1851)
Nosoderma exsculptum
Nosoderma guatemalense
Nosoderma inaequale
Nosoderma plicatum (LeConte, 1859)
Nosoderma sylvaticum
Nosoderma zunilense
Zopherus championi Triplehorn, 1972
Zopherus chilensis
Zopherus concolor LeConte, 1851
Zopherus elegans Horn, 1870
Zopherus gracilis Horn, 1867
Zopherus granicollis Horn, 1885
Zopherus jansoni
Zopherus jourdani
Zopherus laevicollis
Zopherus nervosus
Zopherus nodulosus Solier, 1841
Zopherus opacus Horn, 1867
Zopherus sanctaehelenae (Blaisdell, 1931)
Zopherus tristis LeConte, 1851
Zopherus uteanus (Casey, 1907)
Zopherus xestus Triplehorn, 1972

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soldier beetle</span> Family of beetles

The soldier beetles (Cantharidae) are relatively soft-bodied, straight-sided beetles. They are cosmopolitan in distribution. One of the first described species has a color pattern reminiscent of the red coats of early British soldiers, hence the common name. They are also known commonly as leatherwings because of their soft elytra.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zopheridae</span> Family of beetles

The Zopheridae family of beetles has grown considerably in recent years as the members of two other families have been included within its circumscription; these former families are the Monommatidae and the Colydiidae, which are now both included in the Zopheridae as subfamilies or even as tribe of subfamily Zopherinae. Some authors accept up to six subfamilies here, while others merge all except the Colydiinae into the Zopherinae.

<i>Zopherus chilensis</i> Species of beetle

Zopherus chilensis, also commonly known as the ma'kech or jewelled bug, is a species of ironclad beetle in the family Zopheridae. Despite the name "chilensis", nearly all of the known specimens have been found from Mexico to Venezuela.

<i>Zopherus concolor</i> Species of beetle

Zopherus concolor is a species of ironclad beetle in the family Zopheridae. It is found in North America.

<i>Zopherus nodulosus</i> Species of beetle

Zopherus nodulosus, is a species of ironclad beetle in the family Zopheridae. It is found in Central America and North America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Melyridae</span> Family of beetles

Melyridae are a family of beetles of the superfamily Cleroidea.

<i>Zopherus</i> Genus of beetles

Zopherus is a genus of beetles comprising 19 species. They live in the Americas and are adapted to wood-boring.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Epitragini</span> Tribe of beetles

Epitragini is a tribe of darkling beetles in the subfamily Pimeliinae of the family Tenebrionidae. There are more than 30 genera in Epitragini, found in the North, Central, and South America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Asidini</span> Tribe of beetles

Asidini is a tribe of darkling beetles in the subfamily Pimeliinae of the family Tenebrionidae. There are more than 30 genera in Asidini.

Euspilotus is a genus of clown beetles in the family Histeridae. There are more than 80 described species in Euspilotus.

Zopherus granicollis is a species of ironclad beetle in the family Zopheridae. It is found in Central America and North America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anepsiini</span> Tribe of arachnids

Anepsiini is a tribe of darkling beetles in the subfamily Pimeliinae of the family Tenebrionidae. There are at least four genera in Anepsiini, found in North America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cryptochilini</span>

Cryptochilini is a tribe of darkling beetles in the subfamily Pimeliinae of the family Tenebrionidae. There are about 11 genera in Cryptochilini, found in tropical Africa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cryptoglossini</span> Blue Death Feigning Beetle

Cryptoglossini is a tribe of darkling beetles in the subfamily Pimeliinae of the family Tenebrionidae. There are at least three genera in Cryptoglossini, found in North America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Edrotini</span>

Edrotini is a tribe of darkling beetles in the subfamily Pimeliinae of the family Tenebrionidae. There are more than 50 genera in Edrotini, found primarily in North America and the Neotropics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nycteliini</span>

Nycteliini is a tribe of darkling beetles in the subfamily Pimeliinae of the family Tenebrionidae. There are about 12 genera in Nycteliini, found in the Neotropics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Praociini</span>

Praociini is a tribe of darkling beetles in the subfamily Pimeliinae of the family Tenebrionidae. There are about 15 genera in Praociini, found in the Neotropics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stenosini</span>

Stenosini is a tribe of darkling beetles in the subfamily Pimeliinae of the family Tenebrionidae. There are more than 40 genera in Stenosini.

References

  1. Bouchard, Patrice; Bousquet, Yves; Davies, Anthony E.; Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A.; et al. (2011). "Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)". ZooKeys. Pensoft Publishers (88): 1–972. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.88.807 . ISSN   1313-2989. PMC   3088472 . PMID   21594053.
  2. "CBP Officers Intercept Live Beetle Worn as Jewelry at Brownsville Port of Entry" (Press release). US Customs and Border Patrol. 20 January 2010. Retrieved 9 May 2016.