Zorodictyna | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
Class: | Arachnida |
Order: | Araneae |
Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
Family: | Udubidae |
Genus: | Zorodictyna Strand, 1907 [1] |
Species | |
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Zorodictyna is a genus of spiders in the family Udubidae native to Madagascar. It has been described as an intermediate genus between Zoropsidae and Dictynidae, [2] though it is now placed in Udubidae. This genus was originally placed in the family Zoropsidae, but it has been reassigned several times since. In 1967, Lehtinen moved it to Miturgidae. [2] In 1999, it was moved back to Zoropsidae, [3] and in 2015, it was moved to Udubidae. [4]
As of February 2016 [update] , the genus has two accepted species. [1] [5]
Zorocratidae is a formerly accepted family of spiders. Most of the genera formerly placed in this family have been transferred to the family Udubidae. The type genus, Zorocrates, is now placed in the Zoropsidae.
Tengellidae is a former family of spiders that has been merged into the family Zoropsidae. Genera formerly placed in Tengellidae now in Zoropsidae include:
Zoropsidae, also known as false wolf spiders for their physical similarity to wolf spiders, is a family of cribellate araneomorph spiders first described by Philipp Bertkau in 1882. They can be distinguished from wolf spiders by their two rows of eyes that are more equal in size than those of Lycosidae.
Cribellum literally means "little sieve", and in biology the term generally applies to anatomical structures in the form of tiny perforated plates.
Huttonia is a monotypic genus of ecribellate South Pacific araneomorph spiders in the Huttoniidae family containing the single species, Huttonia palpimanoides. Although only one species is described, there are still about twenty more undescribed species.
Phyxelididae is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Pekka T. Lehtinen in 1967 as a subfamily of Amaurobiidae, and later elevated to family status as a sister group of Titanoecidae.
Stenochilidae is a family of southeast Asian araneomorph spiders that produce ecribellate silk. First described by Tamerlan Thorell in 1873, it now contains twelve described species in two genera.
Lycosoidea is a clade or superfamily of araneomorph spiders. The traditional circumscription was based on a feature of the eyes. The tapetum is a reflective layer at the back of the eye, thought to increase sensitivity in low light levels. Lycosoids were then defined by having a "grate-shaped" tapetum. Research from the late 1990s onwards suggests that this feature has evolved more than once, possibly as many as five times, so that the original Lycosoidea is paraphyletic. Studies published in 2014 and 2015 suggest that a smaller group of families does form a clade.
The Haplogynae or haplogynes are one of the two main groups into which araneomorph spiders have traditionally been divided, the other being the Entelegynae. Morphological phylogenetic studies suggested that the Haplogynae formed a clade; more recent molecular phylogenetic studies refute this, although many of the ecribellate haplogynes do appear to form a clade, Synspermiata.
The Entelegynae or entelegynes are a subgroup of araneomorph spiders, the largest of the two main groups into which the araneomorphs were traditionally divided. Females have a genital plate (epigynum) and a "flow through" fertilization system; males have complex palpal bulbs. Molecular phylogenetic studies have supported the monophyly of Entelegynae.
Penestomus is a genus of African araneomorph spiders in the family Penestomidae, and was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1902. The genus was formerly included in the family Eresidae, but was elevated to its own family in 2010. It is now considered closer to Zodariidae.
Udubidae is a family of araneomorph spiders, most of whose members were formerly placed in the family Zorocratidae, which is no longer accepted.
Pandava is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Titanoecidae.
Campostichomma is a genus of spiders in the family Udubidae native to Sri Lanka. Many of its species were moved to either Griswoldia or Devendra. This genus was originally placed in the family Agelenidae. It was moved to Miturgidae in 1967, to Zoropsidae in 1999, then to Udubidae in 2015.
Zorodictyna inhonesta is a species of spider in the family Udubidae, found in Madagascar. It was first described by Eugène Simon in 1906 as Uduba inhonesta. Pekka T. Lehtinen transferred it to the genus Zorodictyna in 1967, although Pierre L.G. Benoit was still using the name Uduba inhonesta in 1972.
Zorodictyna oswaldi is a species of spider in the family Udubidae, found in Madagascar. It was first described in 1891 by Heinrich Lenz as Agroeca oswaldi. The species name honours Albert O'Swald whose collection had been given to Lenz; the name was originally written o'swaldi. In 1908 Embrik Strand placed it in the genus Uliodon; in 1967 Pekka T. Lehtinen transferred it to Zorodictyna.
Viridasius is a monotypic genus of East African araneomorph spiders in the family Viridasiidae, containing the single species, Viridasius fasciatus. It was first described by Eugène Simon in 1889, and has only been found in Madagascar.
Liocranoides is a genus of American false wolf spiders that was first described by Eugen von Keyserling in 1881. They live in habitats with cold surfaces, such as caves. It was transferred from the sac spiders to the Tengellidae in 1967, which was later merged with Zoropsidae.
Vulsor is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Viridasiidae, first described by Eugène Simon in 1889. Originally placed with the wandering spiders, it was moved to the Viridasiidae in 2015.