Zuni Sandstone

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Zuni Sandstone
Stratigraphic range: middle Jurassic
Dowa Yalanne.jpg
Type locality of Zuni Sandstone at Dowa Yalanne
Type Formation
Sub-units San Rafael Group
Underlies Dakota Formation
Overlies Chinle Group. Wingate Sandstone
Thickness150 m (490 ft)
Lithology
Primary Sandstone
Location
Coordinates 35°03′09″N108°47′45″W / 35.0525°N 108.7957°W / 35.0525; -108.7957
Region New Mexico
Country United States
Type section
Named forZuni Plateau
Named by Clarence Dutton
Year defined1885
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Zuni Sandstone (the United States)
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Zuni Sandstone (New Mexico)
Outcrop of Zuni Sandstone at El Malpais National Monument, New Mexico Zuni Sandstone El Malpais.jpg
Outcrop of Zuni Sandstone at El Malpais National Monument, New Mexico

The Zuni Sandstone is a geologic formation in west-central New Mexico. It marks the southernmost limit of Jurassic fluvial and lacustrine sedimentary formations, which pinch out to leave a single sandstone body.

Contents

Description

The Zuni Sandstone is found south of the I-40 corridor in west-central New Mexico. At about this latitude, the Todilto, Morrison, and Summerville Formations pinch out to leave a Jurassic section that is almost entirely composed of eolian sandstone. This is designated as the Zuni Sandstone, which is thus the lateral equivalent of the combined Entrada and Bluff Formations. [1]

At the type section at Dowa Yalaane (Taaiyalone Mesa), the formation consists of about 80 meters (260 ft) of eolian sandstone corresponding to the Entrada Formation. A break corresponds to the pinched-out Todilto and Summerville Formations. Above this is about 60 meters (200 ft) of sandstone corresponding to the Bluff Formation. Then comes a break corresponding to the pinch-out of the Recapture Member of the Morrison Formation, another sandstone interval corresponding to the Acoma Tongue of the Zuni Sandstone, and a final break corresponding to the pinchout of the remaining Morrison Formation. The Zuni Formation unconformably rests on the Wingate Sandstone or Chinle Group and is unconformably overlain by the Dakota Formation. [2] [1]

History of investigation

The unit was first described by Clarence Dutton in 1885. [3] However, A.A. Baker, C.H. Dane, and J.B. Reeside regarded it as identical to the Morrison Formation. [4] R.J. Hackman and A.B. Olson renamed the beds as the Cow Springs Sandstone in 1977 [5] O.J. Anderson proposed the modern definition of the formation in 1983. [2]

Related Research Articles

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The Entrada Sandstone is a formation in the San Rafael Group found in the U.S. states of Wyoming, Colorado, northwest New Mexico, northeast Arizona, and southeast Utah. Part of the Colorado Plateau, this formation was deposited during the Jurassic Period sometime between 180 and 140 million years ago in various environments, including tidal mudflats, beaches, and sand dunes. The Middle Jurassic San Rafael Group was dominantly deposited as ergs in a desert environment around the shallow Sundance Sea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Morrison Formation</span> Rock formation in the western United States

The Morrison Formation is a distinctive sequence of Upper Jurassic sedimentary rock found in the western United States which has been the most fertile source of dinosaur fossils in North America. It is composed of mudstone, sandstone, siltstone, and limestone and is light gray, greenish gray, or red. Most of the fossils occur in the green siltstone beds and lower sandstones, relics of the rivers and floodplains of the Jurassic period.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">San Juan Basin</span> Structural basin in the Southwestern United States

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<i>Hulettia</i> Extinct genus of ray-finned fishes

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Todilto Formation</span> Geologic formation in New Mexico

The Todilto Formation is a geologic formation in northern New Mexico and southeastern Colorado. It preserves fossils dating back to the Callovian stage of the middle Jurassic period.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Curtis Formation</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Exeter Sandstone</span>

The Exeter Sandstone is a geologic formation exposed in northeastern New Mexico. Its age is poorly controlled, but it is thought to have been deposited during the middle Jurassic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bluff Formation</span> Geologic formation in the western United States

The Bluff Formation is a geological formation found in the Four Corners area. It was deposited in the late Jurassic Period.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chama Basin</span>

The Chama Basin is a geologic structural basin located in northern New Mexico. The basin closely corresponds to the drainage basin of the Rio Chama and is located between the eastern margin of the San Juan Basin and the western margin of the Rio Grande Rift. Exposed in the basin is a thick and nearly level section of sedimentary rock of Permian to Cretaceous age, with some younger overlying volcanic rock. The basin has an area of about 3,144 square miles (8,140 km2).

References

  1. 1 2 Lucas, Spencer G. (2020). "Jurassic stratigraphy of the southeastern Colorado Plateau, west-central New Mexico: 2020 synthesis" (PDF). New Mexico Geological Society Special Publication. 14: 135–144. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
  2. 1 2 Anderson, O.J. (1983). "Preliminary report on redefinition of Zuni Sandstone, west-central New Mexico" (PDF). New Mexico Geology. 5 (3): 56–60. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
  3. Dutton, C.E. (1885). "Mount Taylor and the Zuni plateau". U.S. Geological Survey Annual Report. 6: 113–198. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
  4. Baker, A.A.; Dane, C.H.; Reeside, J.B. Jr. (1936). "Correlation of the Jurassic formations of parts of Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and Colorado". U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper. 183. doi: 10.3133/pp183 .
  5. Hackman, R.J.; Olson, A.B. (1977). "Geology, structure, and uranium deposits of the Gallup 1 degree x 2 degrees quadrangle, New Mexico and Arizona". U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map. I-981. Retrieved 29 October 2020.