Devil's Sinkhole State Natural Area

Last updated

Devil's Sinkhole State Natural Area
Relief map of Texas.png
Red pog.svg
Devil's Sinkhole
Usa edcp relief location map.png
Red pog.svg
Devil's Sinkhole
Coordinates 30°3′8″N100°6′12″W / 30.05222°N 100.10333°W / 30.05222; -100.10333
Area1,859.7 acres (752.6 ha)
Established1985
Governing body Texas Parks and Wildlife Department
Designated1972

Devil's Sinkhole State Natural Area is a natural bat habitat near the city of Rocksprings in Edwards County in the U.S. state of Texas. Carved by water erosion, the cavern is home to several million Mexican free-tailed bats that emerge at sunset during April through October. [1]

Contents

Interior view of Devil's Sinkhole, 1979 Devil's Sinkhole.jpg
Interior view of Devil's Sinkhole, 1979

History

The Devil's Sinkhole is a vertical natural bat habitat. The 40-by-60-foot (12.2 m × 18.3 m) opening drops down to reveal a cavern some 400 feet (122 m) below.

While likely known to native peoples, the cavern was first discovered in modern times by Ammon Billings, a local rancher leading a scouting party of five, west of Hackberry Creek in Edwards County in 1876. Billings fired at a marauding party of hostile Indians and believed he hit one. Fearing a trap, they did not pursue the Indians but returned to the area the following day, May 21, 1876 with their spouses. It was then that the sinkhole was first encountered by Ammon Billings. Billings wife, Lucinde Katherine Billings (née Stroop) and other wives in the returning party dubbed the sinkhole "The Devil's Sinkhole". [2] [3] [4] [5]

H. S. Barber carved his name inside the cave in 1889. [6] In 1968, the Devil's Sinkhole was designated as a National Natural Landmark by the National Park Service. [7]

The area was transferred to the state of Texas in 1985, and opened to the public in 1992. [8]

Facilities, admission

Access to the area is available only through advance reservations. Evening bat flight tours are offered in summer only. Guided nature hikes are also available. [8]

Facilities include a wheelchair-accessible viewing platform and picnic areas. [8] With reservations, tours are conducted by the Devil's Sinkhole Society, a local volunteer group that works in conjunction of Texas Parks and Wildlife Department and Bat Conservation International to facilitate visitor education and tours. [9]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Edwards County, Texas</span> County in Texas, United States

Edwards County is a county located on the Edwards Plateau in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census its population was 1,422. The county seat is Rocksprings. The county was created in 1858 and organized in 1883. It is named for Haden Edwards, an early settler of Nacogdoches, Texas. The Edwards Aquifer and Edwards Plateau are named after the county by reason of their locations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Texas Hill Country</span> Region of Texas

The Texas Hill Country is a geographic region of Central and South Texas, forming the southeast part of the Edwards Plateau. Given its location, climate, terrain, and vegetation, the Hill Country can be considered the border between the American Southeast and Southwest. The region represents the very remote rural countryside of Central Texas, but also is home to growing suburban neighborhoods and affluent retirement communities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Natural Bridge Caverns</span> United States historic place

The Natural Bridge Caverns are the largest commercial caverns in the US state of Texas. The name is derived from the 60-foot (18 m) natural limestone slab bridge that spans the amphitheater setting of the cavern's entrance. The span was left suspended when a sinkhole collapsed below it.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Edwards Plateau</span> Geographic and ecological region of Texas, United States

The Edwards Plateau is a geographic region forming the crossroads of Central, South and West Texas, United States. It is named in honor of Haden Edwards. It is bounded by the Balcones Fault to the south and east; the Llano Uplift and the Llano Estacado to the north; and the Pecos River and Chihuahuan Desert to the west. San Angelo, Austin, San Antonio and Del Rio roughly outline the area. The plateau, especially its southeast portion, is also known as the Texas Hill Country.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Colorado Bend State Park</span> State park in Texas, United States

Colorado Bend State Park is a 5,328.3-acre (2,156 ha) state park located in the Hill Country region of the U.S. state of Texas, mostly in San Saba County. It was purchased by the state in 1984 and opened to the public in 1987. It is representative of the karst features typically seen in the Hill Country, with many sinkholes, caves, and springs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lewis and Clark Caverns</span> Park in Montana, USA

Lewis and Clark Caverns State Park is a 3,000-acre (1,200 ha) public recreation and nature preservation area located twelve miles (19 km) east of Whitehall in Jefferson County, Montana. The state park includes two visitor centers, ten miles of hiking trails, a campground, and its namesake limestone caverns. The Lewis and Clark Caverns Historic District was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2018.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Texas Parks and Wildlife Department</span> Texas state agency

The Texas Parks & Wildlife Department (TPWD) is a Texas state agency that oversees and protects wildlife and their habitats. In addition, the agency is responsible for managing the state's parks and historical areas. Its mission is to manage and conserve the natural and cultural resources of Texas and to provide hunting, fishing, and outdoor recreation opportunities for the use and enjoyment of present and future generations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Carlsbad Caverns National Park</span> National Park in New Mexico, United States

Carlsbad Caverns National Park is an American national park in the Guadalupe Mountains of southeastern New Mexico. The primary attraction of the park is the show cave Carlsbad Cavern. Visitors to the cave can hike in on their own via the natural entrance or take an elevator from the visitor center.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cave Without a Name</span> Limestone cave in the Texas Hill Country

The Cave Without a Name is a limestone solutional cave in the Texas Hill Country region of Central Texas. It is a National Natural Landmark.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Longhorn Cavern State Park</span> State park in Texas, United States

Longhorn Cavern State Park is a state park located in Burnet County, Texas, United States. The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department is administrator of the facility. The land for Longhorn Cavern State Park was acquired between 1932 and 1937 from private owners. It was dedicated as a state park in 1932 and in 1938 was opened to the public. In 1971, the cavern was dedicated as a National Natural Landmark. The park's administration building was listed as a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark in 1989.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lost World Caverns</span> Caves and attraction near Lewisburg, West Virginia, US

Lost World Caverns, located just outside Lewisburg, West Virginia, is an underground natural series of caverns. In November 1973, the caverns were registered as a National Natural Landmark as they "feature terraced pedestal-like stalagmites, flowstone, curtains, rimstone, domepits, and waterfalls."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Parque Nacional de las Cavernas del Río Camuy</span> Cave system in Camuy, Puerto Rico

The Parque Nacional de las Cavernas del Río Camuy is a cave system in Puerto Rico. It is located between the municipalities of Camuy, Hatillo, and Lares in northwestern Puerto Rico, but the main entrance to the park is located in Quebrada, Camuy. The caverns are part of a large network of natural limestone caves and underground waterways carved out by the third-largest underground river in the world, the Río Camuy. The cave system was "discovered" in 1958 and was first documented in the 1973 book Discovery at the Río Camuy (ISBN 0-517-50594-0) by Russell and Jeanne Gurnee, but there is archaeological evidence that these caves were explored hundreds of years ago by the Taíno Indians, Puerto Rico's first inhabitants. Over 10 miles of caverns, 220 caves and 17 entrances to the Camuy cave system have been mapped so far. This, however, is only a fraction of the entire system which many experts believe still holds another 800 caves. Only a small part of the complex is open to the public. The 268-acre park built around the cave system features tours of some of the caves and sinkholes, and is one of the most popular natural attractions in Puerto Rico. After restorations necessitated by Hurricane Maria, a destructive storm that struck Puerto Rico in 2017, the park re-opened on March 24, 2021. It then closed again from September, 2022 until February, 2023 due to Hurricane Fiona.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Balcones Canyonlands National Wildlife Refuge</span> National Wildlife Refuge in Texas

Balcones Canyonlands is a national wildlife refuge located in the Texas Hill Country to the northwest of Lago Vista, Texas. The refuge was formed in 1992 to conserve habitat for two endangered songbirds, the golden-cheeked warbler and the black-capped vireo, and to preserve Texas Hill Country habitat for numerous other wildlife species. The refuge augments a similarly named preserve in Austin called the Balcones Canyonlands Preserve.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Government Canyon State Natural Area</span> Protected area in Texas, United States

First opened to the public in October, 2005, Government Canyon State Natural Area (GCSNA) preserves 12,244 acres of rugged hills and canyons typical of the Texas Hill Country. It is designated a Natural Area, rather than a State Park, and therefore the primary focus is maintenance and protection of the property's natural state. Accordingly, access and recreational activities may be restricted if the Texas Parks & Wildlife Department (TPWD) deems such action necessary to protect the environment.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kickapoo Cavern State Park</span> State park in Texas (US)

Kickapoo Cavern State Park is a state park straddling the Kinney and Edwards county line in Texas, located 22 miles north of Brackettville. The park is 6,368 acres (2,577 ha).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cascade Caverns</span> Limestone cave in Kendall County, Texas, US

Cascade Caverns is a historically, geologically, and biologically important limestone solutional cave 3 mi (4.8 km) south of Boerne, Texas, United States, on 226 Cascade Caverns Road, in Kendall County. It has been commercially operated as a show cave and open for public tours since 1932. Informal tours were run as far back as 1875, when Dr. Benjamin Hester owned the cave property. The cave was known by the native Lipan Apache people who lived in the area prior to 1800.

Bering Sinkhole is an early American archaeological site in Kerr County, Texas, United States. The mortuary sinkhole included human remains of 62 individuals, animal remains, and turtle-shell, marine-shell, antler and stone artefacts. Radiocarbon dating found that the earliest burials were from approximately 5000 years BC.

References

  1. Parent, Laurence (2008). Official Guide to Texas State Parks and Historic Sites: Revised Edition. University of Texas Press. pp. 2, 3. ISBN   978-0-292-71726-8.
  2. "Clipped From Kerrville Mountain Sun". Kerrville Mountain Sun. August 25, 1949. p. 15. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
  3. "Devil's Hole Was Once Considered A Sacred Location In Texas, And Visitors Will Love Its Modern-Day Tours". TheTravel. November 16, 2021. Retrieved December 31, 2021.
  4. "About – Devil's Sinkhole" . Retrieved December 31, 2021.
  5. "TSHA | Devil's Sinkhole". www.tshaonline.org. Retrieved December 31, 2021.
  6. Smith, A. Richard. "Devil's Sinkhole discovery". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved February 11, 2012.
  7. "National Natural Landmarks - National Natural Landmarks (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved March 27, 2019. Year designated: 1972
  8. 1 2 3 "TPWD Devil's Sinkhole". Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Retrieved August 19, 2018.
  9. "Tour Information". The Devil's Sinkhole Society. Archived from the original on August 4, 2011. Retrieved February 11, 2012.