Islam in the Republic of Ireland

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Islam in Europe
by percentage of country population
  90–100%
  70–90%
  50–70%
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
  30–40%
 North Macedonia
  10–20%
  5–10%
  4–5%
  2–4%
  1–2%
  < 1%
Dublin Mosque Dublin Mosque.jpg
Dublin Mosque

The documented history of Islam in the Republic of Ireland dates back to the 1950s. The number of Muslims in the Republic of Ireland has increased since the 1990s, [2] [3] mostly through immigration. According to the 2022 Irish census, the number of Muslims resident in the Republic was 83,300 (1.62% of total population). [4]

Contents

History

The earliest mention of Ireland in Muslim sources originates in the works of Al-Idrisi in his Tabula Rogeriana mentioned Irlandah-al-Kabirah (Great Ireland). [5]

The organisational history of Islam in Ireland is complex, not least because of the great variety of ethnic backgrounds of Muslims in the country. [6] The first Islamic Society in Ireland was established in 1959. It was formed by students studying in Ireland and was called the Dublin Islamic Society (later called the Islamic Foundation of Ireland). [7] At that time there was no mosque in Dublin. The students used their homes and later rented halls for Jumu'ah (Friday) and Eid (Muslim holiday) prayers. In 1976 the first mosque and Islamic centre in Ireland was opened in a four-storey building at 7 Harrington Street, Dublin 8.[ citation needed ] Among those who contributed to the cost of the mosque and Islamic centre was the late King Faisal of Saudi Arabia. In 1981 the Ministry of Endowment and Islamic Affairs of Kuwait sponsored a full-time imam for the mosque.[ citation needed ]

In 1983, the present building of the Dublin Mosque and Islamic Centre was bought, renovated and the headquarters of the Society moved from Harrington Street to 163 South Circular Road, Dublin 8.[ citation needed ]

In Cork, prayer halls are located in housing estates. Cork's Muslim community operates out of an industrial estate, while hoping to raise money to build a new mosque. [8]

In 1992, Moosajee Bhamjee became the first (and to date only) Muslim Teachta Dála (Member of Irish Parliament). [9]

Demography and ethnic background

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1991 3,873—    
2002 19,147+394.4%
2011 48,130+151.4%
2016 63,443+31.8%
2022 81,930+29.1%
2002 census: [10] 2011, 2016 censuses: [11] 2022 census: [4]

According to the 2022 census, there were 83,300 Muslims living in the Republic of Ireland, [11] representing a 29.1% increase over the figures for the 2016 census. However the Islamic community is very much a minority, especially when compared to the numbers of Christians and those of no religion. Cities and towns with the highest Muslim population according to the 2022 census:

Dublin City and suburbs: 37,458

Cork City and suburbs: 4,535

Limerick City and suburbs: 3,394

Galway City and suburbs: 2,367

Waterford City and suburbs: 2,084

Balbriggan: 1,133

Dundalk: 996

Tralee: 980

Drogheda: 915

Portlaoise: 810

Ennis: 711

Sligo: 628

Athlone: 615

Navan: 592

Carlow: 564

Kilkenny: 562

Swords: 550

Ballyhaunis: 543

Cavan: 520

Mullingar: 497

Letterkenny: 489

Killarney: 467

Naas: 422

Longford: 402. [12]

The Muslim community in Ireland is diverse and growing rapidly, and its numbers are not determined by the country's history to the same extent as the UK and France, where the majority of Muslims are immigrants or descendants of immigrants from former colonies, or Germany and Austria, where the majority of Muslims are Turkish migrant workers and their descendants. Just over 55 per cent of Muslims were either Asian or African nationals with 30.7 per cent having Irish nationality. [13] The census also revealed that of the 31,779 Muslims resident in Ireland at the time of the census, 9,761 were Irish nationals, less than the number of Asians (10,649) although more than the 6,909 African nationals. The census of 2011 found there were 49,204 Muslims in Ireland, "a sharp rise on five years previously". [14] The Muslim immigration at the end of the 90s was caused by the Irish economic boom and asylum seekers from diverse Muslim countries, and in the 20-year period between 1991 and 2011 the Muslim population increased 1000%, from 0.1% to 1.1% of the population of the republic. [14]

Age and sex

There was an increase in the number of Muslims in every five year age group between 2006 and 2016. There were 147 Muslim males for every 100 females in 2006. This gap narrowed to 129 males per 100 females in 2016. The average age of Muslims in 2016 was 26.0 (compared with the State average of 37.4 years). There were 10,884 children of primary school-going age (5-12 year olds) among the Muslim community in Ireland and a further 5,480 of secondary school age. [15]

Marital status

Muslims in Ireland are more likely to be married and were less likely to be single compared with the general population. Almost 6 out of 10 were married compared with 4.8 out of 10 for the general population. Divorce is also less prevalent among Muslims compared with the general population. [15]

Residence

Just under half (47.3%) of all of Ireland's Muslims lived in County Dublin. Dublin City was home to the largest proportion (15.5%), followed by South Dublin (13.1%), Fingal (12.8%) and Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown (5.9%). [15]

Principal economic status

The economic status of Muslim men and women varied greatly with relatively small numbers of women at work and slightly above average numbers of men looking after the home and family.

Among Muslim men 53.3 per cent were at work in April 2016 with 17.0 per cent unemployed or looking for their first job. In contrast 23.6 per cent of Muslim women were working at the time of the census while a further 1 in 5 (19.5%) were unemployed.

In all 27.4 per cent of Muslim women aged 15 and over were looking after the home or family - significantly higher than the rate for all women at 14.9 per cent. [15]

Major occupational groups of Muslims

There were 17,543 Muslims at work. At a broad occupational level, 'professional occupations' was the largest category, accounting for 23.5 per cent of workers. Within this category medical practitioners were the largest occupation, with 2,102 workers and accounting for 12.0 per cent of all Muslim workers compared followed by Chefs (1,349). [15]

Mosques and denominations

The Islamic Cultural Centre of Ireland Flickr - Tab59 - La mosquee clonskeagh a Dublin.jpg
The Islamic Cultural Centre of Ireland

In 2003, the Islamic Cultural Centre with help from Foras na Gaeilge announced plans to translate the Quran from Arabic into Irish for the first time. [16] However, the plan foundered because of difficulties in finding speakers of both languages and as of 2018 no translation yet exists. [17]

In September 2006 an umbrella organisation, the Irish Council of Imams, was established. It represents 14 imams in Ireland, of both the Sunni and Shia traditions. It is chaired by Imam Hussein Halawa (Islamic Cultural Centre of Ireland) and its deputy chairman is Imam Yahya Al-Hussein (Islamic Foundation of Ireland). Imam Dr. Umar Al-Qadri (Al-Mustafa Islamic Cultural Centre Dublin 15), Imam Salem (Cork Mosque), Imam Khaled (Galway Mosque) and Imam Ismael Khotwal (Blackpits Mosque) are among its founding members.

Sunni

Source: [18]

Prayer Halls

Shia

Ahmadiyya

The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community was formally registered in the country in 1992, during the era of the Fourth Caliph. However, there have been Ahmadi Muslims in the country since the 1960s. There are two Ahmadiyya mosques in the Republic of Ireland, one in Galway City, named the Galway Mosque, and one in Lucan, Dublin. The Galway Mosque is purpose built. [21] [22] Most Ahmadi Muslims in Ireland are refugees from countries where they are persecuted.

Media

Some UK-based television channels targeted at the Muslim Community can be accessed in Ireland via satellite including the Sky digital platform.

Notable Muslims

Irish singer and songwriter Sinead O'Connor Sinead O'Connor (9781906584) (cropped).jpg
Irish singer and songwriter Sinéad O'Connor

Muslim students in universities

There are several student Islamic societies in universities all across Ireland especially in the major universities such as UCD, TCD, UCC, NUIG, ISSNI, RCSI, GMIT, ITC, DCU, Dublin Institute of Technology, IT Tralee, IT Tallaght, IT Blanchardstown, DBS. [23]

Yearly events include regular (weekly halaqas & linguistic classes), social (Food festivals), cultural (Eid), Charity drives (Charity week), physical (sports), Academic (speakers tours, lectures, courses, conferences & seminars), Intellectual (debates) and campaigns (Islam awareness & justice).

The Federation of Students Islamic Societies Ireland is an umbrella organisation established in the early millennium (2003) whose mission is to unite, serve and represent Muslim students. [23] It also seeks to bring these students together, to share experiences and to offer help and advice where appropriate, uniting Muslim Students to positively contribute to Irish communities. [23]

See also

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References

  1. ↑ "Religious Composition by Country, 2010-2050". Pew Research Center . 12 April 2015. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
  2. ↑ "Change in religion" (PDF). Central Statistics Office. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
  3. ↑ Islam Ireland's 3rd largest faith, BBC 29 November 2007
  4. 1 2 "Census of Population 2022 - Summary Results – Migration and Diversity". Central Statistics Office (Ireland) . Retrieved 31 May 2023.
  5. ↑ Dunn, 2009, p. 452.
  6. ↑ Scharbrodt, Oliver, "Islam in Ireland". 318 – 336 in Olivia Cosgrove et al. (eds), Ireland's new religious movements. Cambridge Scholars, 2011; ISBN   978-1-4438-2588-7
  7. ↑ "The Islamic Foundation of Ireland". DCU Islamic Society. Archived from the original on 15 July 2006. Retrieved 13 August 2008.
  8. ↑ "About the Cork Mosque". Archived from the original on 14 April 2014.
  9. ↑ "The Muslim-Irish prove to be a surprisingly moderate bunch". Irish Independent. 19 December 2006. Retrieved 13 August 2008.
  10. ↑ "2002 Census Sample Form" (PDF). Central Statistics Office. p. 4, q.12. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
  11. 1 2 "2011 Census Sample Form" (PDF). Central Statistics Office. p. 4, q.12. Retrieved 15 October 2017.; "Census 2016 Sample Form" (PDF). Central Statistics Office. p. 4, q.12. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
  12. ↑ "Central Statistics Office". cso.ie.
  13. ↑ "Server Error 404 - CSO - Central Statistics Office". CSO. Archived from the original on 20 September 2010. Retrieved 9 June 2010.
  14. 1 2 "Press Release Census 2011 Profile 7 Religion, Ethnicity and Irish Travellers - CSO - Central Statistics Office". CSO. Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 21 May 2013.
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 "Religion - Non-Christian". cso.ie/en. Central Statistics Office, Government of Ireland. Retrieved 20 October 2019. CC-BY icon.svg Material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
  16. ↑ "Quran to be translated into Irish". BBC News. 11 March 2003. Retrieved 13 August 2008.
  17. ↑ Rogan, Aaron (24 April 2018). "Plan to translate the Koran into Irish revived" – via www.thetimes.co.uk.
  18. ↑ "Mosques and Prayer Rooms". islamicfoundation.ie. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  19. ↑ Lacey, Jonathan (2011). "Turkish Islam in Ireland". In Cosgrove, Olivia; Cox, Lawrence; Kuhling, Carmen; Mulholland, Peter (eds.). Ireland's new religious movements. Cambridge Scholars. pp. 337–356. ISBN   978-1-4438-2588-7.
  20. ↑ "Ballyhaunis Mosque in Ballyhaunis, County Mayo - Salatomatic - your guide to mosques & Islamic schools". www.salatomatic.com.
  21. ↑ Lorna Siggins (20 September 2014). "Persecuted Muslims build first Irish mosque in Galway". Irish Times. Retrieved 20 September 2014.
  22. ↑ "Galway Ahmadiyyas hope new mosque will be a 'symbol of peace' and understanding".
  23. 1 2 3 "FOSIS - home for Muslim students and ISOCs across UK and Ireland". ireland.fosis.org.uk. Archived from the original on 16 January 2010. Retrieved 13 April 2010.
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