The states are the first-level administrative divisions of Mexico, which is officially named the United Mexican States. There are 32 federal entities in Mexico (31 states and the capital, Mexico City, as a separate entity that is not formally a state). [1] [2] [3] [4]
States are further divided into municipalities. Mexico City is divided into boroughs, officially designated as demarcaciones territoriales or alcaldías, similar to other states' municipalities but with different administrative powers. [5]
Mexico's post agency, Correos de México, does not offer an official list of state name abbreviations, and as such, they are not included below. A list of Mexican states and several versions of their abbreviations can be found here.
State | Official name [lower-alpha 1] | Coat of arms | Capital | Largest city | Area (1,972,550 km2 total) [6] | Population (February 2023; 127,104,000 total) [7] | Municipalities | Order of Admission to Federation | Date of Admission to Federation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aguascalientes | Aguascalientes | Aguascalientes | 5,615.7 km2 (2,168.2 sq mi) | 1,465,000 | 11 | 24 | February 5, 1857 [8] | ||
Baja California | Baja California | Mexicali | Tijuana | 71,450.0 km2 (27,587.0 sq mi) | 3,822,000 | 6 | 29 | January 16, 1952 [9] | |
Baja California Sur | Baja California Sur | La Paz | 73,909.4 km2 (28,536.6 sq mi) | 759,000 | 5 | 31 | October 8, 1974 [10] | ||
Campeche | Campeche | San Francisco de Campeche | 57,484.9 km2 (22,195.0 sq mi) | 965,000 | 13 | 25 | April 29, 1863 [11] | ||
Chiapas | Chiapas | Tuxtla Gutiérrez | 73,311.0 km2 (28,305.5 sq mi) | 5,602,000 | 124 | 19 | September 14, 1824 [12] | ||
Chihuahua | Chihuahua | Chihuahua | Ciudad Juárez | 247,412.6 km2 (95,526.5 sq mi) | 3,806,000 | 67 | 18 | July 6, 1824 [12] | |
Coahuila [lower-alpha 2] [lower-alpha 3] | Coahuila de Zaragoza | Saltillo | 151,594.8 km2 (58,531.1 sq mi) | 3,189,000 | 38 | 16 | May 7, 1824 [12] | ||
Colima [lower-alpha 4] | Colima | Colima | Manzanillo | 5,626.9 km2 (2,172.6 sq mi) | 830,000 | 10 | 23 | September 12, 1856 [14] | |
Durango | Durango | Victoria de Durango | 123,364.0 km2 (47,631.1 sq mi) | 1,846,000 | 39 | 17 | May 22, 1824 [12] | ||
Guanajuato | Guanajuato | Guanajuato | León de los Aldama | 30,606.7 km2 (11,817.3 sq mi) | 6,205,000 | 46 | 2 | December 20, 1823 [12] | |
Guerrero | Guerrero | Chilpancingo de los Bravo | Acapulco de Juárez | 63,595.9 km2 (24,554.5 sq mi) | 3,556,000 | 81 | 21 | October 27, 1849 [15] | |
Hidalgo | Hidalgo | Pachuca de Soto | 20,821.4 km2 (8,039.2 sq mi) | 3,115,000 | 84 | 26 | January 16, 1869 [16] | ||
Jalisco | Jalisco | Guadalajara | 78,595.9 km2 (30,346.0 sq mi) | 8,400,000 | 125 | 9 | December 23, 1823 [12] | ||
México | México | Toluca de Lerdo | Ecatepec de Morelos | 22,351.8 km2 (8,630.1 sq mi) | 17,102,000 | 125 | 1 | December 20, 1823 [12] | |
Mexico City [lower-alpha 5] | Ciudad de México | Mexico City | 1,494.3 km2 (577.0 sq mi) | 9,305,000 | 16 (boroughs) | 32 | January 29, 2016 | ||
Michoacán | Michoacán de Ocampo | Morelia | 58,598.7 km2 (22,625.1 sq mi) | 4,736,000 | 113 | 5 | December 22, 1823 [12] | ||
Morelos | Morelos | Cuernavaca | 4,878.9 km2 (1,883.8 sq mi) | 2,016,000 | 36 | 27 | April 17, 1869 [17] | ||
Nayarit | Nayarit | Tepic | 27,856.5 km2 (10,755.5 sq mi) | 1,274,000 | 20 | 28 | January 26, 1917 [18] | ||
Nuevo León [lower-alpha 3] | Nuevo León | Monterrey | 64,156.2 km2 (24,770.8 sq mi) | 5,846,000 | 51 | 15 | May 7, 1824 [12] | ||
Oaxaca | Oaxaca | Oaxaca de Juárez | 93,757.6 km2 (36,200.0 sq mi) | 4,096,000 | 570 | 3 | December 21, 1823 [12] | ||
Puebla | Puebla | Puebla de Zaragoza | 34,309.6 km2 (13,247.0 sq mi) | 6,535,000 | 217 | 4 | December 21, 1823 [12] | ||
Querétaro | Querétaro | Santiago de Querétaro | 11,690.6 km2 (4,513.8 sq mi) | 2,404,000 | 18 | 11 | December 23, 1823 [12] | ||
Quintana Roo | Quintana Roo | Chetumal | Cancún | 44,705.2 km2 (17,260.8 sq mi) | 1,895,000 | 11 | 30 | October 8, 1974 [19] | |
San Luis Potosí | San Luis Potosí | San Luis Potosí | 61,138.0 km2 (23,605.5 sq mi) | 2,815,000 | 58 | 6 | December 22, 1823 [12] | ||
Sinaloa | Sinaloa | Culiacán Rosales | 57,365.4 km2 (22,148.9 sq mi) | 3,015,000 | 18 | 20 | October 14, 1830 [20] | ||
Sonora [lower-alpha 6] | Sonora | Hermosillo | 179,354.7 km2 (69,249.2 sq mi) | 3,006,000 | 72 | 12 | January 10, 1824 [12] | ||
Tabasco [lower-alpha 7] | Tabasco | Villahermosa | 24,730.9 km2 (9,548.7 sq mi) | 2,435,000 | 17 | 13 | February 7, 1824 [12] | ||
Tamaulipas [lower-alpha 3] | Tamaulipas | Ciudad Victoria | Reynosa | 80,249.3 km2 (30,984.4 sq mi) | 3,506,000 | 43 | 14 | February 7, 1824 [12] | |
Tlaxcala | Tlaxcala | Tlaxcala de Xicohténcatl | San Pablo del Monte | 3,996.6 km2 (1,543.1 sq mi) | 1,405,000 | 60 | 22 | December 9, 1856 [21] | |
Veracruz | Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave | Xalapa-Enríquez | Veracruz | 71,823.5 km2 (27,731.2 sq mi) | 8,105,000 | 212 | 7 | December 22, 1823 [12] | |
Yucatán [lower-alpha 8] | Yucatán | Mérida | 39,524.4 km2 (15,260.5 sq mi) | 2,374,000 | 106 | 8 | December 23, 1823 [12] | ||
Zacatecas | Zacatecas | Zacatecas | 75,275.3 km2 (29,064.0 sq mi) | 1,674,000 | 58 | 10 | December 23, 1823 [12] | ||
Notes:
Yucatán, officially the Estado Libre y Soberano de Yucatán, is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, constitute the 32 federal entities of Mexico. It comprises 106 separate municipalities, and its capital city is Mérida.
The United Mexican States is a federal republic composed of 32 federal entities: 31 states and Mexico City, an autonomous entity. According to the Constitution of 1917, the states of the federation are free and sovereign in all matters concerning their internal affairs. Each state has its own congress and constitution.
Quintana Roo, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Quintana Roo, is one of the 31 states which, with Mexico City, constitute the 32 federal entities of Mexico. It is divided into 11 municipalities, and its capital city is Chetumal.
Municipalities are the second-level administrative divisions of Mexico, where the first-level administrative division is the state. They should not be confused with cities or towns that may share the same name as they are distinct entities and do not share geographical boundaries. As of January 2021, there are 2,454 municipalities in Mexico, excluding the 16 boroughs of Mexico City. If all 16 boroughs of Mexico City are counted, the total of municipalities will be 2,470.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) rights in Mexico expanded in the 21st century, keeping with worldwide legal trends. The intellectual influence of the French Revolution and the brief French occupation of Mexico (1862–67) resulted in the adoption of the Napoleonic Code, which decriminalized same-sex sexual acts in 1871. Laws against public immorality or indecency, however, have been used to prosecute persons who engage in them.
Tunkás Municipality is a municipality in the Mexican state of Yucatán containing 514.79 square kilometres (198.76 sq mi) of land and located roughly 98 kilometres (61 mi) east of the city of Mérida.
Mexico has experienced many changes in territorial organization during its history as an independent state. The territorial boundaries of Mexico were affected by presidential and imperial decrees. One such decree was the Law of Bases for the Convocation of the Constituent Congress to the Constitutive Act of the Mexican Federation, which determined the national land area as the result of integration of the jurisdictions that corresponded to New Spain, the Captaincy General of Yucatán, the Captaincy General of Guatemala and the autonomous Kingdoms of East and West. The decree resulted in the independence from Spain.
Mexico uses four time zones:
The Republic of Yucatán was a sovereign state during two periods of the nineteenth century. The first Republic of Yucatán, founded May 29, 1823, willingly joined the Mexican federation as the Federated Republic of Yucatán on December 23, 1823, less than seven months later. The second Republic of Yucatán began in 1841, with its declaration of independence from the Centralist Republic of Mexico. It remained independent for seven years, after which it rejoined the United Mexican States. The area of the former republic includes the modern Mexican states of Yucatán, Campeche and Quintana Roo. The Republic of Yucatán usually refers to the second republic (1841–1848).
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Mexico:
The 8th Nuestra Belleza México pageant, was held at the Aeropuerto Internacional "Lic. Adolfo López Mateos" of Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico on September 28, 2001. Forty-seven contestants of the Mexican Republic competed for the national title, which was won by Ericka Cruz from Yucatán, who later competed in Miss Universe 2002 in Puerto Rico. Cruz was crowned by outgoing Nuestra Belleza México titleholder Jacqueline Bracamontes. She is the first and only Yucateca and the third winner of foreign descent to win this Title.
The 9th Nuestra Belleza México pageant, was held at the World Trade Center of Boca del Río, Veracruz, Mexico on September 6, 2002. Thirty-three contestants of the Mexican Republic competed for the national title, which was won by Marisol González from Coahuila, who later competed in Miss Universe 2003 in Panamá. González was crowned by outgoing Nuestra Belleza México titleholder Ericka Cruz and Christiane Martel Miss Universe 1953. She is the first and only Coahuilense to win this title.
Most Mexican states do not have an official flag. For these states, a de facto flag is used for civil and state purposes. State flags of Mexico have a 4:7 ratio and typically consist of a white background charged with the state's coat of arms.
Televisa Regional is a unit of Grupo Televisa which owns and operates television stations across Mexico. The stations rebroadcast programming from its subsidiary TelevisaUnivision's other networks, and they engage in the local production of newscasts and other programs. Televisa Regional stations all have their own distinct branding, except for those that are Nu9ve affiliates and brand as "Nu9ve <city/state name>".
The Territory of Quintana Roo was a federal territory of Mexico that existed intermittently between 1902 and 1974, when it was granted statehood within the United Mexican States as Quintana Roo.
Events in the year 1989 in Mexico.
Events in the year 1986 in Mexico.