Isotopes of yttrium

Last updated
Isotopes of yttrium  (39Y)
Main isotopes Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
87Y synth 3.4 d ε 87Sr
γ –
88Ysynth106.6 dε 88Sr
γ–
89Y100% stable
90Y synth2.7 d β− 90Zr
γ–
91Ysynth58.5 dβ− 91Zr
γ–
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Y)

Natural yttrium (39Y) is composed of a single isotope yttrium-89. The most stable radioisotopes are 88Y, which has a half-life of 106.6 days, and 91Y, with a half-life of 58.51 days. All the other isotopes have half-lives of less than a day, except 87Y, which has a half-life of 79.8 hours, and 90Y, with 64 hours. The dominant decay mode below the stable 89Y is electron capture and the dominant mode after it is beta emission. Thirty-five unstable isotopes have been characterized.

90Y exists in equilibrium with its parent isotope strontium-90, which is a product of nuclear fission.

List of isotopes

Nuclide
[n 1] 		Z N Isotopic mass (Da)
[n 2] [n 3] 		Half-life
[n 4] 		Decay
mode
[n 5] 		Daughter
isotope
[n 6] [n 7] 		Spin and
parity
[n 8] [n 4] 		Natural abundance (mole fraction)
Excitation energy [n 4] Normal proportionRange of variation
76Y393775.95845(54)#500# ns [>170 ns]
77Y393876.94965(7)#63(17) ms p (>99.9%)76Sr5/2+#
β+ (<.1%)77Sr
78Y393977.94361(43)#54(5) msβ+78Sr(0+)
78mY0(500)# keV5.8(5) s5+#
79Y394078.93735(48)14.8(6) sβ+ (>99.9%)79Sr(5/2+)#
β+, p (<.1%)78Rb
80Y394179.93428(19)30.1(5) sβ+80Sr4−
80m1Y228.5(1) keV4.8(3) s(1−)
80m2Y312.6(9) keV4.7(3) µs(2+)
81Y394280.92913(7)70.4(10) sβ+81Sr(5/2+)
82Y394381.92679(11)8.30(20) sβ+82Sr1+
82m1Y402.63(14) keV268(25) ns4−
82m2Y507.50(13) keV147(7) ns6+
83Y394482.92235(5)7.08(6) minβ+83Sr9/2+
83mY61.98(11) keV2.85(2) minβ+ (60%)83Sr(3/2−)
IT (40%)83Y
84Y394583.92039(10)39.5(8) minβ+84Sr1+
84mY−80(190) keV4.6(2) sβ+84Sr(5−)
85Y394684.916433(20)2.68(5) hβ+85Sr(1/2)−
85m1Y19.8(5) keV4.86(13) hβ+ (99.998%)85Sr9/2+
IT (.002%)85Y
85m2Y266.30(20) keV178(6) ns5/2−
86Y394785.914886(15)14.74(2) hβ+86Sr4−
86m1Y218.30(20) keV48(1) minIT (99.31%)86Y(8+)
β+ (.69%)86Sr
86m2Y302.2(5) keV125(6) ns(7−)
87Y394886.9108757(17)79.8(3) hβ+87Sr1/2−
87mY380.82(7) keV13.37(3) hIT (98.43%)87Y9/2+
β+ (1.56%)87Sr
88Y394987.9095011(20)106.616(13) dβ+88Sr4−
88m1Y674.55(4) keV13.9(2) msIT88Y(8)+
88m2Y392.86(9) keV300(3) µs1+
89Y [n 9] 395088.9058483(27)Stable1/2−1.0000
89mY908.97(3) keV15.663(5) sIT89Y9/2+
90Y [n 9] 395189.9071519(27)64.053(20) hβ−90Zr2−
90mY681.67(10) keV3.19(6) hIT (99.99%)90Y7+
β− (.0018%)90Zr
91Y [n 9] 395290.907305(3)58.51(6) dβ−91Zr1/2−
91mY555.58(5) keV49.71(4) minIT (98.5%)91Y9/2+
β− (1.5%)91Zr
92Y395391.908949(10)3.54(1) hβ−92Zr2−
93Y395492.909583(11)10.18(8) hβ−93Zr1/2−
93mY758.719(21) keV820(40) msIT93Y7/2+
94Y395593.911595(8)18.7(1) minβ−94Zr2−
95Y395694.912821(8)10.3(1) minβ−95Zr1/2−
96Y395795.915891(25)5.34(5) sβ−96Zr0−
96mY1140(30) keV9.6(2) sβ−96Zr(8)+
97Y395896.918134(13)3.75(3) sβ− (99.942%)97Zr(1/2−)
β−, n (.058%)96Zr
97m1Y667.51(23) keV1.17(3) sβ− (99.3%)97Zr(9/2)+
IT (.7%)97Y
β−, n (.08%)96Zr
97m2Y3523.3(4) keV142(8) ms(27/2−)
98Y395997.922203(26)0.548(2) sβ− (99.669%)98Zr(0)−
β−, n (.331%)97Zr
98m1Y170.74(6) keV620(80) ns(2)−
98m2Y410(30) keV2.0(2) sβ− (86.6%)98Zr(5+,4−)
IT (10%)98Y
β−, n (3.4%)97Zr
98m3Y496.19(15) keV7.6(4) µs(2−)
98m4Y1181.1(4) keV0.83(10) µs(8−)
99Y396098.924636(26)1.470(7) sβ− (98.1%)99Zr(5/2+)
β−, n (1.9%)98Zr
99mY2141.65(19) keV8.6(8) µs(17/2+)
100Y396199.92776(8)735(7) msβ− (98.98%)100Zr1−,2−
β−, n (1.02%)99Zr
100mY200(200)# keV940(30) msβ−100Zr(3,4,5)(+#)
101Y3962100.93031(10)426(20) msβ− (98.06%)101Zr(5/2+)
β−, n (1.94%)100Zr
102Y3963101.93356(9)0.30(1) sβ− (95.1%)102Zr
β−, n (4.9%)101Zr
102mY200(200)# keV360(40) msβ− (94%)102Zrhigh
β−, n (6%)101Zr
103Y3964102.93673(32)#224(19) msβ− (91.7%)103Zr5/2+#
β−, n (8.3%)102Zr
104Y3965103.94105(43)#180(60) msβ−104Zr
105Y3966104.94487(54)#60# ms [>300 ns]β−105Zr5/2+#
106Y3967105.94979(75)#50# ms [>300 ns]β−106Zr
107Y3968106.95414(54)#30# ms [>300 ns]5/2+#
108Y [3] 3969107.95948(86)#20# ms [>300 ns]
109Y [3] 3970
110Y [4] 3971
111Y [4] 3972
This table header & footer:
  1. ↑ mY – Excited nuclear isomer.
  2. ↑ ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
  3. ↑ # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
  4. 1 2 3 # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
  5. ↑ Modes of decay:
    IT: Isomeric transition
    n: Neutron emission
    p: Proton emission
  6. ↑ Bold italics symbol as daughter – Daughter product is nearly stable.
  7. ↑ Bold symbol as daughter – Daughter product is stable.
  8. ↑ ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
  9. 1 2 3 Fission product

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References

  1. ↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Yttrium". CIAAW. 2021.
  2. ↑ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN   1365-3075.
  3. 1 2 Ohnishi, Tetsuya; Kubo, Toshiyuki; Kusaka, Kensuke; et al. (2010). "Identification of 45 New Neutron-Rich Isotopes Produced by In-Flight Fission of a 238U Beam at 345 MeV/nucleon". J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 79 (7). Physical Society of Japan: 073201. arXiv: 1006.0305 . Bibcode:2010JPSJ...79g3201T. doi: 10.1143/JPSJ.79.073201 .
  4. 1 2 Sumikama, T.; et al. (2021). "Observation of new neutron-rich isotopes in the vicinity of 110Zr". Physical Review C. 103 (1): 014614. Bibcode:2021PhRvC.103a4614S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.103.014614. hdl: 10261/260248 . S2CID   234019083.
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