10th federal electoral district of Oaxaca

Oaxaca's 10th
Electoral district of the Chamber of Deputies of Mexico
10th district
Incumbent
Member	Carmelo Cruz Mendoza
Party	▌ Morena
Congress	66th (2024–2027)
District
State	Oaxaca
Head town	Miahuatlán de Porfirio Díaz
Coordinates	16°19′N96°35′W / 16.317°N 96.583°W / 16.317; -96.583
Covers	77 municipalities [1]
PR region	Third
Precincts	275
Population	442,838 (2020 Census)
Indigenous	Yes (63%)

Oaxaca under the 2017–2022 districting plan

The 10th federal electoral district of Oaxaca (Spanish : Distrito electoral federal 10 de Oaxaca) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 10 such districts in the state of Oaxaca. ^[2]

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative period by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the third region. ^{[3] [4]}

Oaxaca's 10th district was created as part of the 1977 electoral reforms. Under the 1975 districting plan, Oaxaca had only nine congressional districts; ^[5] under the 1977 reforms, the number increased to ten. ^[6] The newly created district elected its first deputy, to the 51st Congress, in the 1979 legislative election.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Carmelo Cruz Mendoza of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena). ^{[7] [8]}

District territory

Under the 2023 districting plan adopted by the National Electoral Institute (INE), which is to be used for the 2024, 2027 and 2030 federal elections, ^[9] the 10th district covers 275 precincts (secciones electorales) across 77 municipalities. ^{[10] [1] [a]}

The head town (cabecera distrital), where results from individual polling stations are gathered together and tallied, is the city of Miahuatlán de Porfirio Díaz in the Sierra Sur region. The district reported a population of 442,838 in the 2020 Census and, with Indigenous and Afrodescendent inhabitants accounting for over 63% of that total, it is classified by the INE as an indigenous district. ^{[2] [1] [b]}

Previous districting schemes

Evolution of electoral district numbers

	1974	1978	1996	2005	2017	2023
Oaxaca	9	10	11	11	10	10
Chamber of Deputies	196	300
Sources: [2] [5] [6] [13]

2017–2022

Oaxaca's 11th district was dissolved in the 2017 redistricting process. Under the 2017 to 2022 scheme, the 10th district had its head town at the city of Miahuatlán and it covered 65 municipalities. ^{[13] [14]}

2005–2017

Between 2005 and 2017, the district comprised 56 municipalities and its head town was Miahuatlán. ^{[15] [16]}

1996–2005

Between 1996 and 2017, Oaxaca's seat allocation was increased to 11. Under the 1996 districting plan, the head town was at Miahuatlán and it covered 60 municipalities. ^{[17] [16]}

1978–1996

The districting scheme in force from 1978 to 1996 was the result of the 1977 electoral reforms, which increased the number of single-member seats in the Chamber of Deputies from 196 to 300. Under that plan, Oaxaca's seat allocation rose from nine to ten. ^[5] The new 10th district had its head town at Santo Domingo de Tehuantepec in the Istmo de Tehuantepec region. ^[18]

Deputies returned to Congress

National parties
Current
	PAN
	PRI
	PT
	PVEM
	MC
	Morena
Defunct or local only
	PLM
	PNR
	PRM
	PNM
	PP
	PPS
	PARM
	PFCRN
	Convergencia
	PANAL
	PSD
	PES
	PES
	PRD

Oaxaca's 10th district

Election	Deputy	Party	Term	Legislature
1979	Ignacio Villanueva Vázquez [19]		1979–1982	51st Congress
1982	Joseph Stephan Acar [20]		1982–1985	52nd Congress
1985	Alfredo López Ramos [21]		1985–1988	53rd Congress
1988	Jorge Camacho Cabrera [22]		1988–1991	54th Congress
1991	Francisco Felipe Ángel Villarreal [23]		1991–1994	55th Congress
1994	María del Carmen Ricárdez Vela [24]		1994–1997	56th Congress
1997	Claudio Marino Guerra López [25]		1997–2000	57th Congress
2000	Jaime Arturo Larrazábal Bretón [26]		2000–2003	58th Congress
2003	Héctor Pablo Ramírez Puga [27]		2003–2006	59th Congress
2006	Benjamín Hernández Silva [28]		2006–2009	60th Congress
2009	Héctor Pablo Ramírez Puga [29]		2009–2012	61st Congress
2012	Aída Fabiola Valencia Ramírez [30]		2012–2015	62nd Congress
2015	Óscar Valencia García [31]		2015–2018	63rd Congress
2018 [32]	Daniel Gutiérrez Gutiérrez [33]		2018–2021	64th Congress
2021 [34]	Daniel Gutiérrez Gutiérrez [35]		2021–2024	65th Congress
2024 [7]	Carmelo Cruz Mendoza [8]		2024–2027	66th Congress

Presidential elections

Oaxaca's 10th district

Election	District won by	Party or coalition	%
2018 [36]	Andrés Manuel López Obrador	Juntos Haremos Historia	64.0628
2024 [37]	Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo	Sigamos Haciendo Historia	78.0302

Notes

1. Oaxaca accounts for 3.3% of the country's population and 4.8% of its surface area, ^[11] but it contains almost a quarter of its municipalities: 570 out of 2,446 as of 2022. ^[12]
2. The INE deems any local or federal electoral district where Indigenous or Afrodescendent inhabitants number 40% or more of the total population to be an indigenous district. In the 2023 scheme, Oaxaca's 10 federal districts and 25 local districts are all indigenous. ^[2]

References

1. Ramales, Rosy (1 June 2024). "¿Sabes cuál es tu Distrito Electoral Federal? Aquí la distritación federal para las elecciones del domingo 2 de junio, en Oaxaca". Archived from the original on 26 July 2024. Retrieved 20 July 2024. The link provides a complete list of the municipalities covered.
2. "Memoria de la Distritación Nacional 2021–2023" (PDF). INE. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 May 2024. Retrieved 21 August 2024.
3. "How Mexico Elects Its Leaders – The Rules". Mexico Solidarity Project. 31 January 2024. Retrieved 2 August 2024.
4. "Acuerdo del Consejo General del Instituto Nacional Electoral por el que se aprueba la demarcación territorial de las cinco circunscripciones electorales plurinominales". Diario Oficial de la Federación . 27 February 2023. Retrieved 21 August 2024.
5. González Casanova, Pablo (1993). Las Elecciones en México: evolución y perspectivas (3 ed.). Siglo XXI. p. 219. ISBN   9789682313219 . Retrieved 2 August 2024.
6. Baños Martínez, Marco Antonio; Palacios Mora, Celia (2014). "Evolución territorial de los distritos electorales federales uninominales, 1977–2010" [Territorial evolution of the federal uninominal electoral districts, 1977–2010]. Investigaciones Geográficas (84). Mexico City: Instituto de Geografía, UNAM: 92. doi: 10.14350/rig.34063 . Retrieved 2 August 2024.
7. "Diputaciones: Oaxaca. Distrito 10. Miahuatlán de Porfirio Díaz". Cómputos Distritales 2024. INE . Retrieved 2 August 2024.
8. "Perfil: Dip. Carmelo Cruz Mendoza, LXVI Legislatura". Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL). SEGOB . Retrieved 7 January 2025.
9. De la Rosa, Yared (20 February 2023). "Nueva distritación electoral le quita diputados a la CDMX y le agrega a Nuevo León". Forbes México. Retrieved 2 August 2024.
10. "Acuerdo del Consejo General del Instituto Nacional Electoral por el que se aprueba el proyecto de la demarcación territorial de los trescientos distritos electorales federales uninominales". Diario Oficial de la Federación . 20 February 2023. Retrieved 26 May 2025.
11. "Resumen: Oaxaca". Cuéntame. INEGI . Retrieved 2 August 2024.
12. "Panorama de los municipios en México". Federación Nacional de Municipios de México. 11 November 2022. Archived from the original on 12 November 2022. Retrieved 29 June 2025.
13. "Acuerdo del Consejo General del Instituto Nacional Electoral por el que se aprueba la demarcación territorial de los 300 distritos electorales federales uninominales" (PDF). Repositorio Documental. INE. 15 March 2017. Retrieved 26 May 2025.
14. "Descriptivo de la distritación federal: Oaxaca, marzo 2017" (PDF). Cartografía. INE. March 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 June 2024. Retrieved 2 August 2024. The link provides a complete list of the municipalities covered.
15. "Acuerdo del Consejo General del Instituto Federal Electoral por el que se establece la demarcación territorial de los trescientos distritos electorales federales uninominales". Diario Oficial de la Federación . 2 March 2005. Retrieved 2 August 2024. The link provides a complete list of the municipalities covered.
16. "Condensado de Oaxaca, 1996–2005" (PDF). IFE. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 March 2009. Retrieved 21 August 2024. The link contains comparative maps of the 2005 and 1996 schemes.
17. "Acuerdo del Consejo General del Instituto Federal Electoral por el que se establece la demarcación territorial de los trescientos distritos electorales federales uninominales". Diario Oficial de la Federacion . 12 August 1996. p. 54. Retrieved 26 May 2025. The link provides a complete list of the municipalities covered.
18. "División del territorio de la República en 300 distritos electorales uninominales para elecciones federales: Oaxaca". Diario Oficial de la Federación . 29 May 1978. p. 34. Retrieved 2 August 2024. The link provides a complete list of the municipalities the district covered.
19. "Legislatura 51" (PDF). Biblioteca Virtual. Cámara de Diputados . Retrieved 2 August 2024.
20. "Legislatura 52" (PDF). Biblioteca Virtual. Cámara de Diputados . Retrieved 2 August 2024.
21. "Legislatura 53" (PDF). Biblioteca Virtual. Cámara de Diputados . Retrieved 2 August 2024.
22. "Legislatura 54" (PDF). Biblioteca Virtual. Cámara de Diputados . Retrieved 2 August 2024.
23. "Legislatura 55" (PDF). Biblioteca Virtual. Cámara de Diputados . Retrieved 2 August 2024.
24. "Legislatura 56" (PDF). Biblioteca Virtual. Cámara de Diputados . Retrieved 2 August 2024.
25. "Legislatura 57" (PDF). Biblioteca Virtual. Cámara de Diputados . Retrieved 2 August 2024.
26. "Perfil: Dip. Jaime Arturo Larrazabal Bretón, LVIII Legislatura". Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL). SEGOB . Retrieved 2 August 2024.
27. "Perfil: Dip. Héctor Pablo Ramírez Puga Leyva, LIX Legislatura". Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL). SEGOB . Retrieved 2 August 2024.
28. "Perfil: Dip. Benjamín Hernández Silva, LX Legislatura". Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL). SEGOB . Retrieved 2 August 2024.
29. "Perfil: Dip. Héctor Pablo Ramírez Puga Leyva, LXI Legislatura". Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL). SEGOB . Retrieved 2 August 2024.
30. "Perfil: Dip. Aída Fabiola Valencia Ramírez, LXII Legislatura". Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL). SEGOB . Retrieved 2 August 2024.
31. "Perfil: Dip. Óscar Valencia García, LXIII Legislatura". Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL). SEGOB . Retrieved 2 August 2024.
32. "Diputaciones: Oaxaca. Distrito 10. Miahuatlán de Porfirio Díaz". Cómputos Distritales 2018. INE . Retrieved 11 July 2025.
33. "Perfil: Dip. Daniel Gutiérrez Gutiérrez, LXIV Legislatura". Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL). SEGOB . Retrieved 2 August 2024.
34. "Diputaciones: Oaxaca. Distrito 10. Miahuatlán de Porfirio Díaz". Cómputos Distritales 2021. INE . Retrieved 11 July 2025.
35. "Perfil: Dip. Daniel Gutiérrez Gutiérrez, LXV Legislatura". Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL). SEGOB . Retrieved 2 August 2024.
36. "Presidencia: Oaxaca. Distrito 10. Miahuatlán de Porfirio Díaz". Cómputos Distritales 2018. INE . Retrieved 30 June 2025.
37. "Presidencia: Oaxaca. Distrito 10. Miahuatlán de Porfirio Díaz". Cómputos Distritales 2024. INE . Retrieved 30 June 2025.