2021 Mexican legislative election

Last updated

2021 Mexican legislative election
Flag of Mexico.svg
←  2018 6 June 2021 2024  →
All 500 seats in the Chamber of Deputies
251 seats needed for a majority
Turnout52.7% [1]
PartyLeader%Seats+/–
Juntos Hacemos Historia (278 seats)
MORENA Mario Martín Delgado 35.30198+7
PVEM Karen Castrejón Trujillo 5.6343+27
PT Alberto Anaya 3.3637−24
Va por México (199 seats)
PAN Marko Cortés Mendoza 18.89114+33
PRI Alejandro Moreno Cárdenas 18.3670+25
PRD Ángel Ávila Romero 3.7815−6
Other party (23 seats)
MC Clemente Castañeda7.2723−4
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Elecciones legislativas de Mexico de 2021 por distrito federal.svg
Results by constituency

Legislative elections were held in Mexico on 6 June 2021. Voters elected 500 deputies (300 in single-member constituencies by first-past-the-post and 200 by proportional representation) to sit in the Chamber of Deputies for the 65th Congress. These elections took place concurrently with the country's state elections.

Contents

On 5 December 2020, the National Action Party, the Institutional Revolutionary Party and the Party of the Democratic Revolution announced an electoral alliance, Va por México ("Go For Mexico"). [2] [3] Morena, the Labour Party and the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico formed the Juntos Hacemos Historia (″Together we make history″) coalition. [4] Both alliances were approved by the National Electoral Institute (INE). [5]

The INE issued a statement on 3 February 2021 saying that it would not be prudent to postpone the election because of the COVID-19 pandemic and doing so could even trigger a constitutional crisis by delaying the opening of the 65th Congress. INE board president Lorenzo Córdova Vianello noted the successful elections in Hidalgo and Coahuila in October 2020. [6]

On 13 April 2021, the INE canceled the registrations of Manuel Guillermo Chapman (Morena), Ana Elizabeth Ayala Leyva, (Juntos Haremos Historia), and Raúl Tadeo Nava (Labor Party) for failure to certify their lack of involvement in gender violence. [7] On 3 June, the INE warned about possible sanctions on Catholic bishops, in particular Juan Sandoval Íñiguez, for their interference in the elections. [8]

The elections were Mexico's largest in history and were tainted by several political assassinations and the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico. [9] [10]

Parties

A woman inserting her vote into a ballot box, Mexico City, 6 June 2021 Elecciones federales de Mexico de 2021 - 2.jpg
A woman inserting her vote into a ballot box, Mexico City, 6 June 2021

Two alliances took part: Juntos Hacemos Historia and Va por México.

AllianceParties
Juntos Hacemos Historia Morena
Labor Party (PT)
Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM)
Va por México National Action Party (PAN)
Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)
Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD)

Two alliances were formed for the 2021 legislative election. Both are partial alliances, running joint candidates in most districts but running individual candidates in others. [11]

On 22 December 2020, PRI, PAN, and PRD announced the electoral alliance Va por México. [12] The alliance initially planned to run together in 180 of the 300 electoral districts, but on 23 December, the last day of registration, announced that they would only run together in 171 districts. [13] On 15 February 2021 the Instituto Nacional Electoral (INE) approved the expansion of the coalition to a total of 219 districts. PRI represents the alliance in 77 districts, PAN in 72, and PRD in 70. [14]

In December 2020 Morena, PT, and PVEM announced an electoral alliance, running together in 150 of the 300 electoral districts. [15] On 18 March 2021 the coalition was expanded to cover 183 districts. The alliance is represented by MORENA in 88 districts, PT in 50, and PVEM in 45. [16]

Mexican law requires political parties to obtain at least 3% of the vote to be registered. Registration allows the party to postulate candidates and receive subsidies for campaign expenses (MXN $161.9 million or US$8.1 million each in 2021). [17] Based on 2021 PREP results, Progressive Social Networks, Solidarity Encounter Party, and Force for Mexico will lose their registration. RSP, affiliated with teachers′ union leader Elba Esther Gordillo, had 839,000 (1.76%) votes; PES, affiliated with evangelist Hugo Eric Flores, had 296,568 (2.73%) votes; and FM, affiliated with Senator Ricardo Monreal, had 178,000 (2.48%) votes. The parties have the opportunity to reorganize for the next election. [18]

Distribution of electoral districts by coalition

Va por México [19] Juntos Hacemos Historia [20]
Va por mexico candidaturas.svg Juntos hacemos historia candidaturas.svg
  Candidate from PRI (77)
  Candidate from PAN (72)
  Candidate from PRD (70)
  No coalition candidate
  Candidate from MORENA (88)
  Candidate from PVEM (50)
  Candidate from PT (45)
  No coalition candidate

Opinion polls

Poll SourceDate PublishedDate of PollSample SizeMargin of Error
Morena logo (Mexico).svg
PRI Party (Mexico).svg
PAN (Mexico).svg
PRD logo (Mexico).svg
Logo Partido Movimiento Ciudadano (Mexico).svg
OtherUndecided/No Answer
Massive Caller [21] August 2020No Data600No Data40%11.8%24.2%2.16%3.23%18.4%No Data
GEA-ISA [22] 17 September 20205–7 September 2020No DataNo Data22%17%14%--7%40%
Massive Caller [23] 19 October 2020No Data600±4.3%41.8%12.3%31.7%2.3%3.4%8.5%No Data
El Universal [24] 30 November 202012–17 November 20201000±3.54%32%16%17%4%3%No DataNo Data
Mitofsky [25] 17 December 2020No DataNo DataNo Data28.4%10.8%14.9%2.6%2.6%9.8%30.9%
Mitofsky [26] 27 December 2020No DataNo DataNo Data27.4%13.9%12.4%3.3%1.4%5.8%35.8%
El Financiero [27] 4 February 202115–16 and 29–30 January 20211000±3.1%38%10%11%3%-No Data33%
Massive Caller [28] 22 February 202119 February 2021600±4.1%51.3%10.7%31.3%2.0%2.2%No DataNo Data
El Financiero [29] 4 March 202112–13 and 25–26 February 20211000±3.1%44%10%10%3%-No Data29%
El Financiero [30] 8 April 20212–13 and 26–27 March 20211000±3.1%40%10%11%3%-No Data27%
Parametría [31] 10 April 202131 March – 10 April 2021800±3.5%32%11%12%3%4.5%12.5%25%
Massive Caller [32] 16 April 20211–15 April 2021600±4.3%42.1%17.8%24.1%3.4%4.8%7.8%No Data
Reforma [33] 16 April 20218–13 April 20211200±4.2%45%18%17%4%3%13%No Data
El Financiero [34] 5 May 202129 April – 2 May 20212000±3.1%40%20%19%3%5%13%No Data
El País [35] 17 May 202110–14 May 20212000±3.46%44%19%18%3%5%8%—
GEA-ISA [36] May 202114–17 May 20211500±2.5%29.7%13.0%15.6%4.6%5.8%9.8%21.5%
Varela y Asociados [37] 25 May 202129 April – 5 May 20211500No Data46%15%17%5%5%12%—
El Universal [38] 27 May 202119–25 May 20211530±2.86%41%15.3%15.9%3%7.9%16.9%—
Parametria [39] 1 June 202122–28 May 20211000±3.1%40%16%15%3%7%19%—
El Financiero [40] 2 June 202114–15, 28–29, 27–30 May 20212000±2.86%39%20%21%3%5%12%—
Reforma [41] 2 June 202122–30 May 20212000±2.8%43%20%18%2%7%10%—

Controversies

Possibility of post-election protests

Prior Mexican elections have been fraught with accusations of election fraud, this had led to massive protests after the majority of Mexican elections in the past two decades. The 2021 legislative election did not cause protests. In a speech on 14 June, President Andrés Manuel López Obrador said "We must celebrate it, because we achieved our purpose: to establish in Mexico an authentic, a true democracy." [42]

Political assassinations

The runup to the 2021 legislative election in Mexico was filled with political assassinations. More than 91 politicians were killed, 14 of them being candidates. This political violence led to the 2021 elections being labeled as the second most deadly election since the year 2000. [43]

Absentee voting

Mexican citizens from eleven states who live overseas can vote electronically or by mail. Most of the elections are for governor, but overseas citizens registered in Mexico City, Jalisco, and Guerrero will be able to vote in state legislative elections. [44]

INE approved a pilot program allowing prison inmates who are held in protective custody in Hermosillo (District 4, Sonora); Villa Comaltitlán, Chiapas; Coatlán del Río (District 4 Jojutla, Morelos); and Buena Vista Tomatlán (District 12 Apatzingán, Michoacán) to vote absentee from 17–19 May 2021. The present order covers only male inmates, but it may be extended to females. [45]

Results

The results were a stalemate. The Morena coalition (Juntos Hacemos Historia) retained their majority in the Chamber of Deputies, but lost a significant number of seats to the opposition coalition (Va por México). The opposition was able to gain enough seats to block Morena from the two-thirds majority required to make constitutional amendments. The Morena coalition won with over 44% of the popular vote. Morena and its allies performed very well in gubernatorial races winning about half of Mexico’s 32 governorships. [46]

Because Morena does not have a super-majority or a majority with Morena alone, there are questions about how that will impact legislative goals. Some say López Obrador might negotiate to bring his policies to fruition. Others say he could attempt to flex his executive muscle and brute force changes by using his powers as president. [47]

The 2021 Mexican legislative election also proved that the opposition performs stronger when they are allied together. With their alliance, the opposition stands a chance at denying Morena a legislative majority or even the presidency in the 2024 elections. [48]

The election had a voter turnout of 52.6% with 48.9 million votes cast, the largest midterm election in Mexican history. [49]

The results of the INE's official quick count were announced around midnight Mexico City time. It reported a voter percentage of around 35% for Morena, with the following approximate results for the other parties: PAN, 19%; PRI, 18%; PRD, 3.5%; Green Ecologist Party, 5%; and the Labor Party, 3%. [50]

LXV Legislatura Diputados de Mexico (2021-2024).svg
Party or allianceParty-listConstituencyTotal
seats		+/–
Votes%SeatsVotes%Seats
Juntos
Hacemos
Historia 		Morena 16,756,18935.307616,629,90535.27122198+7
Ecologist Green Party of Mexico 2,670,6775.63122,659,1785.643143+27
Labor Party 1,594,6353.3671,588,1523.373037–24
Total21,021,50144.289520,877,23544.28183278+10
Va por México National Action Party 8,967,78518.89418,896,47018.8773114+33
Institutional Revolutionary Party 8,715,19118.36408,663,25718.373070+25
Party of the Democratic Revolution 1,792,3483.7881,785,3513.79715–6
Total19,475,32441.038919,345,07841.03110199+52
Citizens' Movement 3,449,8047.27163,425,0067.26723–4
Solidarity Encounter Party 1,352,3882.8501,344,8352.8500–56
Force for Mexico 1,216,7802.5601,210,3842.5700New
Progressive Social Networks 868,4441.830864,3911.8300New
Independents44,3110.09044,2920.09000
Non-registered candidates41,9250.09041,5580.09000
Total47,470,477100.0020047,152,779100.003005000
Valid votes47,470,47796.6047,152,77996.60
Invalid/blank votes1,673,0463.401,660,3633.40
Total votes49,143,523100.0048,813,142100.00
Source: DOF, INE

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Labor Party (Mexico)</span> Mexican political party

The Labor Party is a political party in Mexico. It was founded on 8 December 1990. The party is currently led by Alberto Anaya.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">New Alliance Party (Mexico)</span> Political party in Mexico

The New Alliance Party is a state-level political party in Mexico founded in 2005.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zapotiltic</span> Municipality and town in Jalisco, Mexico

Zapotiltic is a town and municipality in the south region of the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It is located approximately 115 km south of Guadalajara. According to the "Conteo de Poblacion y Vivienda of 2015" the municipality had a population of 29,190.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">San Marcos, Jalisco</span> Municipality and town in Jalisco, Mexico

San Marcos is a town and municipality, in Jalisco in central-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 305.5 km2.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Villa Purificación</span> Municipality and town in Jalisco, Mexico

Villa Purificación is a town and municipality, in Jalisco in central-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 1,848 km².

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zacoalco de Torres</span> Town and municipality in Jalisco, Mexico

Zacoalco de Torres, formerly Zacoalco, is a town and municipality in Jalisco, Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 479.1 km2. It is the primary production region of the equipal-style wood and pigskin furniture.

San Luis Río Colorado is a municipality in the Mexican state of Sonora in northwestern Mexico, covering an area of 8412.75 km2.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2018 Mexican general election</span>

General elections were held in Mexico on 1 July 2018. Voters elected a new President of Mexico to serve a six-year term, 128 members of the Senate for a period of six years and 500 members of the Chamber of Deputies for a period of three years. It was one of the largest election days in Mexican history, with most of the nation's states holding state and local elections on the same day, including nine governorships, with over 3,400 positions subject to elections at all levels of government. It was the most violent campaign Mexico has experienced in recent history, with 130 political figures killed since September 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Morena (political party)</span> Mexican political party

MORENA is a major Mexican left-wing political party. It is described as an anti-neoliberal and populist party. It is the ruling party of Mexico since 2018. As of 2023, it is the largest political party in Mexico by number of members.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Social Encounter Party</span> Mexican political party

Social Encounter Party was a Mexican conservative political party established on the national level in 2014 and dissolved in 2018. It was part of the coalition Juntos Haremos Historia with the National Regeneration Movement and Mexico's Labor Party for the 2018 Mexican election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Todos por México</span> Political party in Mexico

Everyone for Mexico, was a political coalition encompassing the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), New Alliance (PANAL), and the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM) to compete in the 2018 Mexican general election led by the presumptive nominee José Antonio Meade Kuribreña. The campaign was previously known as Meade Ciudadano por México until INE deemed unconstitutional the usage of the name of a political candidate within the name of a coalition, stating that allowing it would make Meade receive extra benefit from every piece of propaganda of the coalition.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Juntos Haremos Historia</span> 2018 Mexican general electoral coalition

Juntos Haremos Historia was a Mexican political coalition encompassing the National Regeneration Movement (MORENA), Labor Party (PT), and Social Encounter Party (PES), the latter of which was consequently absorbed into the National Regeneration Movement, to compete in the 2018 general election. Its current leader, as well as their presidential candidate, is Andrés Manuel López Obrador, who won the election.

On December 24, 2018, just ten days into her term as Governor of Puebla, Martha Erika Alonso Hidalgo and her husband, Senator Rafael Moreno Valle Rosas, died in a helicopter crash while en route from Puebla to Mexico City. The death of the Governor required the calling of a special gubernatorial election for 2 June 2019. This election was made simultaneous with special elections from five municipalities in the state whose initial 2018 elections had been nullified.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2021 in Mexican politics and government</span> Overview of the events of 2021 in Mexico

Events pertaining to 2021 in Mexican politics and government.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Va por México</span> Mexican electoral alliance

Va por México was a Mexican electoral alliance formed by the National Action Party (PAN), the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), and the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) to compete in the 2021 Mexican legislative election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Juntos Hacemos Historia</span> Political party in Mexico

Juntos Hacemos Historia was a Mexican electoral alliance formed by the National Regeneration Movement (MORENA), the Labor Party (PT), and the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM) to compete in the 2021 legislative election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2021 Mexican local elections</span>

The 2021 Mexican local elections, held on June 6, 2021, saw voters electing fifteen governors for six-year terms, deputies for thirty state congresses, and officials for 1,910 municipalities. These elections took place concurrently with the country's federal legislative election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2022 Quintana Roo gubernatorial election</span> Local elections in Quintana Roo

The 2022 Quintana Roo gubernatorial election was held on 5 June 2022 to elect a new governor of Quintana Roo and 25 deputies to the state congress. Despite Carlos Joaquín González being a popular incumbent governor from the Party of the Democratic Revolution and the National Action Party the race was considered as a long shot due to the state's high approval of López Obrador, Morena's strong showing in the midterms and Mara Lezama's own popularity. On November 3, 2021, it was revealed Marko Cortés, the leader of the National Action Party expected to loose the state along with other four in play. The election resulted in a landslide for Mexico’s ruling Morena party during President López Obrador's first term in office, winning the gubernatorial election. Additionally, they won all 15 local districts with the opposition only getting proportional representation seats.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2024 Mexican general election</span>

General elections are scheduled to be held in Mexico on 2 June 2024. Voters will elect a new president to serve a six-year term, all 500 members of the Chamber of Deputies and all 128 members of the Senate of the Republic. The members of the legislature elected on this date will be the first allowed to run for re-election in subsequent elections. These elections are taking place concurrently with the country's state elections.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cristóbal Arias Solís</span> Mexican politician

Cristóbal Arias Solís is a Mexican lawyer and politician, belonging to the National Regeneration Movement. He has been a senator of the Republic three times: from 1988 to 1991, 1994 to 2000, and from 2018 to 2021. He also served as a federal deputy from 1982 to 1985 and from 1991 to 1994. He has been a candidate for governor of the State of Michoacán on three occasions by the Party of the Democratic Revolution and the Fuerza por México party. Since July 5, 2021, he is a senator to the Congress of the Union for Michoacán.

References

  1. ↑ "Resultados de los Cómputos Distritales 2021". computos.ine.mx. Retrieved 12 June 2021.
  2. ↑ "The Party of the Democratic Revolution: From Postelectoral Movements to Electoral Competitors", Courting Democracy in Mexico, Cambridge University Press, pp. 198–233, 24 November 2003, doi:10.1017/cbo9780511490910.008, ISBN   978-0-521-82001-1 , retrieved 23 December 2020
  3. ↑ Beauregard, Luis Pablo (5 December 2020). "El PAN aprueba aliarse con el PRI y PRD para intentar arrebatar el Congreso a Morena en 2021". EL PAÍS (in Spanish). Retrieved 6 December 2020.
  4. ↑ "Morena, PT y PVEM presentan alianza 'Juntos hacemos historia' para elecciones de 2021". El Financiero (in Spanish). 24 December 2020. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
  5. ↑ "Aprueba INE coaliciones "Va Por México" y "Juntos hacemos historia" para elecciones 2021". Aristegui Noticias (in Spanish). 15 January 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  6. ↑ "No es prudente posponer elecciones; la democracia no debe ser víctima del covid: Córdova". proceso.com.mx (in Spanish). Proceso. 3 February 2021. Retrieved 3 February 2021.
  7. ↑ "El INE cancela tres candidaturas a diputación federal por violencia política de género". www.proceso.com.mx (in Spanish). Proceso. Retrieved 10 June 2021.
  8. ↑ "INE podría armar expediente sobre intervención de jerarcas católicos en la elección". www.proceso.com.mx (in Spanish). Proceso. Retrieved 10 June 2021.
  9. ↑ "Mexico Is Holding Its Largest Elections Ever. They're Also One Of Its Deadliest". NPR.org. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  10. ↑ Suarez, Karol; Romo, Rafael; Berlinger, Joshua (7 June 2021). "Mexico's President loses grip on power in midterm elections marred by violence". CNN . Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  11. ↑ "Presentan partidos dos solicitudes para formar coaliciones" (in Spanish). 28 December 2020. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
  12. ↑ "PRD, PRI y PAN anuncian coalición "Va por México" para elección federal del 2021". PRI official website (in Spanish). 22 December 2020. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
  13. ↑ "Registran Va por México en INE; busca 171 distritos". El Universal (in Spanish). 24 December 2020. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
  14. ↑ "RESOLUCIÓN DEL CONSEJO GENERAL DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL ELECTORAL RESPECTO DE LA SOLICITUD DEL REGISTRO DE LA MODIFICACIÓN DEL CONVENIO DE LA COALICIÓN PARCIAL DENOMINADA "VA POR MÉXICO" PARA POSTULAR DOSCIENTAS DIECINUEVE FÓRMULAS DE CANDIDATURAS A DIPUTACIONES POR EL PRINCIPIO DE MAYORÍA RELATIVA, PRESENTADO POR LOS PARTIDOS ACCIÓN NACIONAL, REVOLUCIONARIO INSTITUCIONAL Y DE LA REVOLUCIÓN DEMOCRÁTICA, PARA CONTENDER BAJO ESA MODALIDAD EN EL PROCESO ELECTORAL FEDERAL 2020-2021, APROBADA MEDIANTE RESOLUCIÓN IDENTIFICADA CON LA CLAVE INE/CG20/2021, POR EL ÓRGANO SUPERIOR DE DIRECCIÓN DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL ELECTORAL EN SESIÓN ORDINARIA CELEBRADA EL QUINCE DE ENERO DOS MIL VEINTIUNO" (PDF). INE official website (in Spanish). Retrieved 6 June 2021.
  15. ↑ "Presentan partidos dos solicitudes para formar coaliciones" (in Spanish). 28 December 2020. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
  16. ↑ "MODIFICACIÓN AL CONVENIO DE COALICIÓN ELECTORAL PARCIAL QUE CELEBRAN EL PARTIDO POLÍTICO NACIONAL MORENA, EN LO SUCESIVO "MORENA", REPRESENTADO POR EL C. MARIO MARTÍN DELGADO CARRILLO, PRESIDENTE DEL COMITÉ EJECUTIVO NACIONAL Y MINERVA CITLALLI HERNÁNDEZ MORA SECRETARIA GENERAL DEL COMITÉ EJECUTIVO NACIONAL, ASÍ COMO EL PARTIDO DEL TRABAJO, EN LO SUCESIVO "PT", REPRESENTADO POR LOS CC. SILVANO GARAY ULLOA Y JOSÉ ALBERTO BENAVIDES CASTAÑEDA, COMISIONADOS POLÍTICOS NACIONALES DEL "PT" Y EL PARTIDO VERDE ECOLOGISTA DE MÉXICO, EN LO SUCESIVO "PVEM", REPRESENTADO POR LA C. KAREN CASTREJÓN TRUJILLO, EN SU CALIDAD DE VOCERA DEL COMITÉ EJECUTIVO NACIONAL, CON EL OBJETO DE POSTULAR FÓRMULAS DE CANDIDATAS Y CANDIDATOS A DIPUTADAS Y DIPUTADOS POR EL PRINCIPIO DE MAYORÍA RELATIVA EN (183) CIENTO OCHETA Y TRES, DE LOS TRESCIENTOS DISTRITOS ELECTORALES UNINOMINALES, EN QUE SE CONFORMAN E INTEGRAN EL PAÍS, CARGOS DE ELECCIÓN POPULAR A ELEGIRSE EN LA JORNADA COMICIAL FEDERAL ORDINARIA QUE TENDRÁ VERIFICATIVO EL 6 DE JUNIO DEL AÑO 2021, POR LOS QUE SE SOMETEN SU VOLUNTAD A LOS SIGUIENTES CAPÍTULADOS DE CONSIDERANDOS, ANTECEDENTES Y CLÁUSULAS" (PDF). INE official website (in Spanish). Retrieved 6 June 2021.
  17. ↑ "PES, Fuerza por México y RSP se encaminan a perder el registro como partidos". ADNPolítico (in Spanish). 9 June 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2021.
  18. ↑ "RSP, PES y Fuerza por México pierden registro, según el PREP". www.proceso.com.mx (in Spanish). Proceso. Retrieved 12 June 2021.
  19. ↑ "Convenio de Coalición Modificado" (PDF). Instituto Nacional Electoral (in Spanish). Retrieved 18 February 2021.
  20. ↑ "Juntos Hacemos Historia: Convenio de Coalición Modificado" (PDF). Instituto Nacional Electoral (in Spanish). 18 March 2021. Retrieved 7 April 2021.
  21. ↑ "A 10 meses de las elecciones, peligra el registro de PRD y PVEM: encuesta". Massive Caller (in Spanish). 13 August 2020. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  22. ↑ "Cae aprobación de AMLO a 45%: GEA-ISA". HojaDeRuta (in Spanish). 17 September 2020. Retrieved 25 December 2020.
  23. ↑ @MassiveCaller (19 October 2020). "Compartimos nuestra tercer medición de la intención de voto para elegir diputados federales en los 300 distritos" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  24. ↑ "Morena, el favorito en los comicios de 2021 con un 32%: sondeo". Forbes (in Spanish). 30 November 2020. Retrieved 31 December 2020.
  25. ↑ @Mitofsky_group (17 December 2020). "Preferencia para Diputados Federales #Rumbo2021 (contempla preferencia por alianzas)" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  26. ↑ @Mitofsky_group (27 December 2020). "En #Elecciones2021 de #diputados federales los mexicanos piensan que ganará Morena, seguido del PRI y luego PAN #EncuestaMITOFSKY" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  27. ↑ "Morena aventaja… con apoyo de adultos mayores, universitarios y personas con menos estudios". El Financiero (in Spanish). 4 February 2021. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  28. ↑ "Facebook". www.facebook.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 February 2021.
  29. ↑ "Morena toma 'vuelo' con las vacunas: se dispara a 44% la intención del voto hacia el partido". El Financiero (in Spanish). 3 March 2021. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
  30. ↑ Moreno, Alejandro (8 April 2021). "A 2 meses de la elección, Morena lidera con 40% la intención de voto para San Lázaro". El Financiero (in Spanish). Retrieved 8 April 2021.
  31. ↑ "Parametría". parametria.com.mx (in Spanish). 21 April 2021. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
  32. ↑ "Facebook". www.facebook.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 16 April 2021.
  33. ↑ "Lidera Morena arranque; 1 de cada 4 no muestra preferencias". Reforma (in Spanish). 16 April 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2021.
  34. ↑ Moreno, Alejandro (5 May 2021). "Preferencia efectiva por Morena registra 40% a nivel nacional". El Financiero (in Spanish). Retrieved 5 May 2021.
  35. ↑ Corona, Sonia; Galindo, Jorge (17 May 2021). "Morena pierde la mayoría absoluta y necesita de aliados para controlar el Congreso". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 May 2021.
  36. ↑ "Segunda Encuesta Nacional de Opinión Ciudadana 2021 (Previa a las elecciones)" (PDF). invesoc.com/ (in Spanish).
  37. ↑ de la Rosa, Yared (25 May 2021). "Coalición PAN-PRI-PRD no podrá ganarle a Morena el control de San Lázaro: Citibanamex". Forbes (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  38. ↑ Buendía, Jorge; Márquez, Javier (27 May 2021). "Morena y aliados, a 12 curules de mayoría calificada en San Lázaro". El Universal (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  39. ↑ De Haldevang, Max (1 June 2021). "Mexico Government Close to Keeping Congress Super-Majority: Poll". Bloomberg. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  40. ↑ Moreno, Alejandro (2 June 2021). "País dividido: 46% perfila votar por la 4T; 44% por el PRI-PAN-PRD". El Financiero (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  41. ↑ "Lidera Morena preferencias a Diputados". Reforma (in Spanish). 2 June 2021. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  42. ↑ Presidencia de la República. "Versión estenográfica. Conferencia de prensa del presidente Andrés Manuel López Obrador del 14 de junio de 2021". gob.mx (in Spanish). Retrieved 25 June 2021.
  43. ↑ García, Diana. "Asesinatos de candidatos manchan elecciones de 6 de junio en México". The Arizona Republic. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
  44. ↑ "Alista INE voto electrónico de mexicanos que viven en el extranjero para elecciones 2021". Aristegui Noticias (in Spanish). 4 October 2019. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  45. ↑ "INE da luz verde a prueba piloto de voto en prisión en 5 Ceferesos". proceso.com.mx (in Spanish). Proceso. 3 February 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  46. ↑ "Conteo rápido del INE proyecta a Morena y aliados sin mayoría calificada en Diputados". El Universal (in Spanish). 6 June 2021. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
  47. ↑ "What Happened on June 6?". THE MEXICO INSTITUTE 2021 ELECTIONS GUIDE. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
  48. ↑ "What Happened on June 6?". THE MEXICO INSTITUTE 2021 ELECTIONS GUIDE. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
  49. ↑ "Conteo rápido del INE proyecta a Morena y aliados sin mayoría calificada en Diputados". El Universal (in Spanish). 6 June 2021. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
  50. ↑ "Conteo rápido del INE proyecta a Morena y aliados sin mayoría calificada en Diputados". El Universal (in Spanish). 6 June 2021. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.