1853 Mexican presidential election

1853 Mexican presidential election

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Nominee Antonio López de Santa Anna Elected By decree

President before election Manuel María Lombardini Elected President Antonio López de Santa Anna

Presidential elections were held in Mexico in April 1853, following the resignation of Mariano Arista on January 5. The country experienced profound political polarization between liberal and conservative factions, alongside economic and military instability as a result of the Mexican-American War. ^{[1] [2]}

The Plan of Hospicio  [ es ] issued by conservative factions, called for the return of Antonio López de Santa Anna, leading to his presidency in April 1853. This was seen as a transfer of power through the decree rather than a formal election. ^{[1] [2] [3]}

Background

Political instability and interim presidencies

In 1853, Mexico was facing political and military instability due to ongoing economic and military challenges, exacerbated by the Mexican-American War and political tensions between conservatives and liberals. Mariano Arista resigned on January 5 due to his failure to address these issues, and the Supreme Court appointed Juan Bautista Ceballos as interim president. However, Ceballos’ term lasted only from January 5 to February 8 due to his inability to resolve the crises, leading to his resignation. ^[4] Manuel María Lombardini succeeded Ceballos as interim president from February 8 to April 20, 1853. Lombardini, like his predecessor, struggled with unrest, particularly from military factions and conservatives, and resigned after his failure to restore stability. ^{[5] [4]}

Santa Anna's return to the presidency

Antonio López de Santa Anna eventually returned to power through the Plan of Hospicio  [ es ], a political maneuver supported by conservative factions and military leaders. His return was facilitated by a decree, not a formal election. The number of votes in favor of the plan is unknown, as there was no formal voting process. As a result, Santa Anna's return was more a political arrangement than a democratic election. ^[5]

References

1. "LA ELECCIÓN DEL PRESIDENTE DE LA REPÚBLICA EN LA HISTORIA CONSTITUCIONAL MEXICANA" (PDF). Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-04-08. Retrieved 2024-12-23.
2. "Historia mínima de las elecciones en México" (PDF). Instituto Nacional Electoral.
3. "PLAN DEL HOSPICIO. 20 DE OCTUBRE DE 1852" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Estudios Históricos de las Revoluciones de México.
4. "Project MUSE - Historia general de México ilustrada".
5. "La Dictadura. El último Gobierno de Antonio López de Santa Anna". Instituto Nacional de Estudios Históricos de las Revoluciones de México. Retrieved 2024-12-23.