The politics of Mexico function within the framework of a federal presidential representative democratic republic whose government is based on a multi-party congressional system, where the President of Mexico is both head of state and head of government. The federal government represents the United Mexican States. It is divided into three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial, established by the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, published in 1917. The constituent states of the federation must also have a republican government based on a congressional system established by their respective constitutions.
The Institutional Revolutionary Party is a political party in Mexico that was founded in 1929 as the National Revolutionary Party, then as the Party of the Mexican Revolution and finally as the PRI beginning in 1946. The party held uninterrupted power in the country and controlled the presidency twice: the first one was for 71 years, from 1929 to 2000, the second was for six years, from 2012 to 2018.
The Party of the Democratic Revolution is a state-level social democratic political party in Mexico. The PRD originated from the Democratic Current, a political faction formed in 1986 from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). The PRD was formed after the contested general election in 1988, which the PRD's immediate predecessor, the National Democratic Front, believed was rigged by the PRI. This sparked a movement away from the PRI's authoritarian rule.
The Ecologist Green Party of Mexico is a green political party in Mexico. Founded in 1986, the party is associated with Jorge González Torres and his son Jorge Emilio González Martínez. It has seldom gotten more than 10% of the vote nationwide, but in the 21st century has joined alliances with different major parties.
Roberto Madrazo Pintado is a Mexican politician and member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party. He was the candidate of the alliance between his party and the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM) in the 2006 Mexican presidential election. He served as Governor of Tabasco from 1995 to 2000.
Elba Esther Gordillo Morales is a Mexican politician and trade unionist who has been the leader of the 1.4-million-strong National Education Workers' Union, the largest labor union in Latin America, since 1989. She was formerly affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party until 2005, when she left and founded the New Alliance Party, which is currently led by Luis Castro Obregón.
The Labor Party is a political party in Mexico. It was founded on 8 December 1990. The party is currently led by Alberto Anaya.
Tomás José Ruiz González is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party, who most recently served as a state government official in Veracruz under Governor Javier Duarte. He previously served as director of the National Lottery and as president of the New Alliance Party, a position he held from November 28, 2006 to August 28, 2007.
Citizens' Movement is a Mexican centre-left political party. The party was founded in 1999, under the name Convergence for Democracy, which was then shortened to Convergence in 2002 and changed to Citizens' Movement in 2011.
The National Educational Workers Union is a trade union which represents teachers in Mexico. Its current Secretary-General and President is Alfonso Cepeda Salas.
Gabriel Ricardo Quadri de la Torre, better known as Gabriel Quadri de la Torre, or simply as Gabriel Quadri, is a Mexican politician and former presidential candidate for the New Alliance Party, although he is not affiliated with the party. He was the presidential candidate for his party in the Mexican general elections of 2012. He is member of the Mexican Chamber of Deputies since 2021 via the right-wing party in Mexico, National Action Party.
General elections were held in Mexico on 1 July 2018. Voters elected a new President of Mexico to serve a six-year term, 128 members of the Senate for a period of six years and 500 members of the Chamber of Deputies for a period of three years. It was one of the largest election days in Mexican history, with most of the nation's states holding state and local elections on the same day, including nine governorships, with over 3,400 positions subject to elections at all levels of government. It was the most violent campaign Mexico has experienced in recent history, with 130 political figures killed since September 2017.
The National Regeneration Movement, commonly referred to by its syllabic abbreviation Morena, is a major left-wing populist political party in Mexico. As of 2023, it is the largest political party in Mexico by number of members; it has been the ruling party since 2018, and won a second term in the 2024 general election.
Social Encounter Party was a Mexican conservative political party established on the national level in 2014 and dissolved in 2018. It was part of the coalition Juntos Haremos Historia with the National Regeneration Movement and Mexico's Labor Party for the 2018 Mexican election.
Ángel García Yáñez is a Mexican politician affiliated at different times to the New Alliance Party and to the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He served as a senator in the 64th and 65th legislatures (2018–2024) from the state of Morelos. From 2015 to 2018, he represented the fifth federal electoral district of Morelos, centered on Yautepec, in the Chamber of Deputies during the 63rd legislature.
Everyone for Mexico, was a political coalition encompassing the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), New Alliance (PANAL), and the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM) to compete in the 2018 Mexican general election led by the presumptive nominee José Antonio Meade Kuribreña. The campaign was previously known as Meade Ciudadano por México until INE deemed unconstitutional the usage of the name of a political candidate within the name of a coalition, stating that allowing it would make Meade receive extra benefit from every piece of propaganda of the coalition.
Por México al Frente, also known as Frente Ciudadano por México, Frente Amplio Democrático, or Frente Amplio Opositor ), was a big tent electoral alliance consisting of the centre-right National Action Party (PAN), as well as the centre-left Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) and Citizens' Movement (MC) to compete in the 2018 Mexican Federal Election.
Legislative elections were held in Mexico on 6 June 2021. Voters elected 500 deputies to sit in the Chamber of Deputies for the 65th Congress. These elections took place concurrently with the country's state elections.
Progressive Social Networks was a Mexican center-left political party formed in 2020.
The Solidarity Encounter Party is a state-level political party in Mexico. The party president is Hugo Eric Flores Cervantes.
